SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
(Main)Geographic information - Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers (ISO 19112:2003)
Geographic information - Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers (ISO 19112:2003)
ISO 19112:2003 defines the conceptual schema for spatial references based on geographic identifiers. It establishes a general model for spatial referencing using geographic identifiers, defines the components of a spatial reference system and defines the essential components of a gazetteer. Spatial referencing by coordinates is not addressed in this document; however, a mechanism for recording complementary coordinate references is included.
ISO 19112:2003 assists users in understanding the spatial references used in datasets. It enables gazetteers to be constructed in a consistent manner and supports the development of other standards in the field of geographic information. It is applicable to digital geographic data, and its principles may be extended to other forms of geographic data such as maps, charts and textual documents.
Geoinformation - Raumbezug mit (geographischen) Identifikatoren (ISO 19112:2003)
Information géographique - Systeme de références spatiales par identificateurs géographiques (ISO 19112:2003)
Geografske informacije – Lociranje z geografskimi identifikatorji (ISO 19112:2003)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
01-april-2005
Geografske informacije – Lociranje z geografskimi identifikatorji (ISO 19112:2003)
Geographic information - Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers (ISO 19112:2003)
Geoinformation - Raumbezug mit (geographischen) Identifikatoren (ISO 19112:2003)
Information géographique - Systeme de références spatiales par identificateurs
géographiques (ISO 19112:2003)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 19112:2005
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
SIST EN ISO 19112:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 19112
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2005
ICS 35.240.70
English version
Geographic information - Spatial referencing by geographic
identifiers (ISO 19112:2003)
Information géographique - Système de références Geoinformation - Raumbezug mit (geographischen)
spatiales par identificateurs géographiques (ISO Identifikatoren (ISO 19112:2003)
19112:2003)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 December 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 19112:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
EN ISO 19112:2005 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 19112:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211
"Geographic information/Geomatics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
and has been taken over as prEN ISO 19112:2005 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287
"Geographic Information", the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2005, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2005.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 19112:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 19112:2005 without any
modifications.
2
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19112
First edition
2003-10-15
Geographic information — Spatial
referencing by geographic identifiers
Information géographique — Système de références spatiales par
identificateurs géographiques
Reference number
ISO 19112:2003(E)
©
ISO 2003
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
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ii © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Conformance . 1
3 Normative references . 1
4 Terms and definitions. 2
5 Notation. 2
5.1 Unified Modelling Language (UML). 2
5.2 Attribute tables. 4
6 Concepts of spatial referencing using geographic identifiers. 4
6.1 Spatial referencing using geographic identifiers . 4
6.2 Spatial reference systems using geographic identifiers . 5
6.3 Gazetteers. 5
7 Requirements for spatial reference systems using geographic identifiers. 6
7.1 Attributes of a spatial reference system using geographic identifiers . 6
7.2 Attributes of a location type. 7
8 Requirements for gazetteers. 9
8.1 Properties of a gazetteer . 9
8.2 Attributes of location instance . 10
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suites. 13
Annex B (informative) Example spatial reference system using geographic identifiers. 15
Annex C (informative) Examples of gazetteer data. 16
Bibliography . 19
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 19112 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
iv © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
Introduction
Geographic information contains geospatial references that relate the features and information represented in
the data or text to positions in geographic space. Spatial references fall into two categories:
a) those using coordinates;
b) those using geographic identifiers.
This International Standard deals only with spatial referencing by geographic identifiers. This type of spatial
reference is sometimes called “indirect”. Spatial referencing by coordinates is the subject of ISO 19111.
Spatial reference systems using geographic identifiers are not based explicitly on coordinates but on a
relationship with a location defined by a geographic feature or features. The relationship of the position to the
feature may be as follows:
a) containment, where the position is within the geographic feature, for example in a country;
b) based on local measurements, where the position is defined relative to a fixed point or points in the
geographic feature or features, for example at a given distance along a street from a junction with another
street;
c) loosely related, where the position has a fuzzy relationship with the geographic feature or features, for
example adjacent to a building or between two buildings.
The purpose of this International Standard is to specify ways to define and describe systems of spatial
references using geographic identifiers. However, it only covers the definition and recording of the referencing
feature, and does not consider the forms of the relationship of the position relative to that feature.
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19112:2003(E)
Geographic information — Spatial referencing by geographic
identifiers
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the conceptual schema for spatial references based on geographic
identifiers. It establishes a general model for spatial referencing using geographic identifiers, defines the
components of a spatial reference system and defines the essential components of a gazetteer.
Spatial referencing by coordinates is addressed in ISO 19111. However, a mechanism for recording
complementary coordinate references is included.
This International Standard enables producers of data to define spatial reference systems using geographic
identifiers and assists users in understanding the spatial references used in datasets. It enables gazetteers to
be constructed in a consistent manner and supports the development of other standards in the field of
geographic information.
This International Standard is applicable to digital geographic data, and its principles may be extended to
other forms of geographic data such as maps, charts and textual documents.
2 Conformance
Two classes of conformance are defined for this International Standard:
any spatial reference system for which conformance with this document is claimed shall pass all the
requirements described in the abstract test suite given in Clause A.1.
any gazetteer for which conformance with this document is claimed shall pass all the requirements
described in the abstract test suite given in Clause A.2.
The definition of an abstract test suite is given in ISO 19105.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 19105:2000, Geographic information — Conformance and testing
ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information — Spatial schema
ISO 19111:2003, Geographic information — Spatial referencing by coordinates
ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information — Metadata
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
feature
abstraction of real world phenomena
NOTE A feature may occur as a type or an instance. Feature type or instance shall be used when only one is meant.
[ISO 19101: 2002]
4.2
gazetteer
directory of instances of a class or classes of features containing some information regarding position
NOTE The positional information need not be coordinates, but could be descriptive.
4.3
geographic identifier
spatial reference in the form of a label or code that identifies a location
EXAMPLE “Spain” is an example of a country name; “SW1P 3AD” is an example of a postcode.
4.4
location
identifiable geographic place
EXAMPLE “Eiffel Tower”, “Madrid”, “California”
4.5
spatial reference
description of position in the real world
NOTE This may take the form of a label, code or set of coordinates.
4.6
spatial reference system
system for identifying position in the real world
5 Notation
5.1 Unified Modelling Language (UML)
The diagrams that appear in this document are presented using the Unified Modelling Language (UML) static
structure diagram with the ISO Interface Definition Language (IDL) basic type definitions and the UML Object
Constraint Language (OCL) as the conceptual schema language. The UML notations used in this standard
are described in Figure 1.
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
Figure 1 — UML notation
This International Standard defines the following UML packages:
SI_Gazetteer;
SI_LocationInstance;
SI_LocationType.
Reference is made to the following UML packages defined in other International Standards:
EX_GeographicExtent, defined in the Extent package in ISO 19115:2003;
EX_TemporalExtent, defined in the Extent package in ISO 19115:2003;
CI_ResponsibleParty, defined in Citation in ISO 19115:2003;
GM_Point, defined in the Geometry package in ISO 19107:2003;
SC_CRS, defined in ISO 19111:2003.
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
5.2 Attribute tables
The tables of attributes that appear in this International Standard show the following elements:
element name: a label assigned to the element;
description: the element description;
obligation: whether the element shall always be recorded (M), or is optional (O), or is
conditional on the stated condition being met (C);
maximum occurrence: the number of instances that the element may have, one (1) or many (N);
data type: a set of distinct values representing the element;
domain: the values allowed or the use of free text.
6 Concepts of spatial referencing using geographic identifiers
6.1 Spatial referencing using geographic identifiers
The position of a feature is identified by a spatial reference. Where a geographic identifier is used as this
spatial reference, it uniquely identifies a location. This location is a feature used to reference other features.
NOTE The spatial reference of a feature in a geographic dataset is usually held as an attribute of the feature, and
defines an association with a location. The relationship with the location is usually that of containment within. However,
more complex spatial references may be constructed using relationships such as “adjacent to” and “distance along”
together with a measured distance and direction from the location identified. Reference systems for roads and railways are
often based on a measured distance from one node (end point or intersection) along a link (road or track). The spatial
reference system used in a dataset forms part of the metadata for that dataset, as defined in ISO 19115.
These concepts are illustrated in Figure 2, which applies at both the type and instance level.
Figure 2 — The concepts of spatial referencing using geographic identifiers
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SIST EN ISO 19112:2005
ISO 19112:2003(E)
6.2 Spatial reference systems using geographic identifiers
A spatial reference system using geographic identifiers comprises a related set of one or more location types,
together with their corresponding geographic identifiers. These location types may be related to each other
through aggregation or disaggregation, possibly forming a hierarchy.
Examples o
...
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