03.120.99 - Other standards related to quality
ICS 03.120.99 Details
Other standards related to quality
Weitere Aspekte der Qualitat
Autres normes relatives a la qualite
Drugi standardi v zvezi s kakovostjo
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This Standard specifies the processing and quality assurance requirements for
brazing processes for space flight applications. Brazing is understood as the
joining and sealing of materials by means of a solidification of a liquid filler
metal.
The term brazing in this standard is used as equivalent to soldering, in cases that
the filler materials have liquidus temperatures below 450 °C.
Brazing and soldering are allied processes to welding and this standard is
supplementing the standard for welding ECSS-Q-ST-70-39.
This standard does not cover requirements for:
• Joining processes by adhesive bonding (ECSS-Q-ST-70-16),
• Soldering for electronic assembly purposes (ECSS-Q-ST-70-61),
• Soldering used in hybrid manufacturing (ESCC 2566000).
The standard covers but is not limited to the following brazing processes:
• Torch brazing,
• Furnace brazing,
• Dip Brazing and Salt-bath brazing,
• Induction Brazing.
This Standard does not detail the brazing definition phase and brazing pre-
verification phase, including the derivation of design allowables.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document establishes the principles for describing the quality of geographic data. It:
— defines a well-considered system of components for describing data quality;
— defines the process for defining additional, domain-specific components for describing data quality;
— specifies components and the content structure of data quality measures;
— describes general procedures for evaluating the quality of geographic data;
— establishes principles for reporting data quality.
This document is applicable to data producers providing quality information to describe and assess how well a dataset conforms to its product specification and to data users attempting to determine whether or not specific geographic data are of sufficient quality for their particular application.
This document does not attempt to define minimum acceptable levels of quality for geographic data. Such information is usually present as a requirement in a data product specification, defined in accordance with ISO 19131, for example.
- Standard112 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the International Standards, including clauses and subclauses, with which
conformity to the quality requirements of ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 or ISO 3834-4 can be claimed.
NOTE For brazing, see ISO 22688.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The scope includes metallic Powder Bed Fusion technologies for space applications.
A clear definition and implementation of quality monitoring and control means is mandatory and shall address the full end to end metallic PBF process, encompassing:
• Design / Simulation
• Materials management (Powder, shielding gases, other consumables, recycling, etc.)
• Processing
• Post Processing
• Testing
By developing a single standard which can be tailored in the Project definition phase, it will help the Space Industry in performing the following functions
related to metallic PBF technologies over the full end to end process:
(i) select and qualify metallic PBF processes for the appropriate application,
(ii) select and validate raw materials for the appropriate applications,
(iii) define monitoring and control means during production to ensure that metallic PBF parts are produced with the required quality,
(iv) define requirements for applying Non-Destructive Inspection methods for the different metallic PBF parts,
(v) define requirements to verify/qualify space parts produced by metallic PBF processes for the selected applications and associated environment,
(vi) define specific requirements for operators/inspectors/instructors certification,
(vii) define requirements for metallic PBF machines certification,
(viii) define requirements for metallic PBF Companies certification.
The Standard will be complemented with informative Annexes, listing guidelines and best practices on specific technical aspects.
- Standard78 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Standard applies to all parties involved at all levels in the realization of space segment hardware and its interfaces.
The objective of this Standard is to provide customers with a guaranteed performance and reliability up to the equipment end-of-life. To this end, the following are specified:
- Load ratios or limits to reduce stress applied to components;
- Application rules and recommendations.
- Standard89 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This handbook provides guidelines to perform the worst case analysis. It applies to all electrical and electronic equipment. This worst case analysis (WCA) method can also be applied at subsystem level to justify electrical interface specifications and design margins for equipment. It applies to all project phases where electrical interface requirements are established and circuit design is carried out.
The worst case analysis is generally carried out when designing the circuit. For selected circuitry, worst case analysis (WCA) can be used to validate a conceptual design approach.
- Technical report22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This handbook provides a compilation of different techniques that can be used to mitigate the adverse effects of radiation in integrated circuits (ICs), with almost exclusive attention to Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) to be used in space, and excluding other ICs like power devices, MMIC or sensors.
The target users of this handbook are developers and users of ICs which are meant to be used in a radiation environment. Following a bottom-up order, the techniques are presented according to the different stages of an IC development flow where they can be applied. Therefore, users of this handbook can be IC engineers involved in the selection, use or development of IC manufacturing processes, IC layouts and ASIC standard cell libraries, analogue and digital circuit designs, FPGAs, embedded memories, embedded software and the immediate electronic system (printed circuit board) containing the IC that can experience the radiation effects.
In addition, this handbook contains an overview of the space radiation environment and its effects in semiconductor devices, a section on how to validate the good implementation and effectiveness of the mitigation techniques, and a special section providing some general guidelines to help with the selection of the most adequate mitigation techniques including some examples of typical space project scenarios.
The information given in this ECSS Handbook is provided only as guidelines and for reference, and not to be used as requirements. ECSS Standards provide requirements that can be made applicable, while, ECSS Handbooks provide guidelines.
- Technical report234 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The handbook defines the principles and processes of human dependability as integral part of system safety and dependability. The handbook focuses on human behaviour and performance during the different operation situations as for example in a control centre such as handover to routine mission operation, routine mission operation, satellite maintenance or emergency operations.
This handbook illustrates the implementation of human dependability in the system life cycle, where during any project phase there exists the need to systematically include considerations of the:
- Human element as part of the space system,
- Impact of human behaviour and performance on safety and dependability.
Within this scope, the main application areas of the handbook are to support the:
a. Development and validation of space system design during the different project phases,
b. Development, preparation and implementation of space system operations including their support such as the organisation, rules, training etc.
c. Collection of human error data and investigation of incidents or accidents involving human error.
The handbook does not address:
- Design errors: The handbook intends to support design (and therefore in this sense, addresses design errors) regarding the avoidance or mitigation of human errors during operations. However, human error during design development are not considered.
- Quantitative (e.g. probabilistic) analysis of human behaviour and performance: The handbook does not address probabilistic assessment of human errors as input to system level safety and dependability analysis and consideration of probabilistic targets, and
- Intentional malicious acts and security related issues: Dependability and safety deals with "threats to safety and mission success" in terms of failures and human non malicious errors and for the sake of completeness includes "threats to safety and mission success" in terms of malicious actions, which are addressed through security risk analysis. However by definition "human dependability" as presented in this handbook excludes the consideration of "malicious actions" and security related issues i.e. considers only "non-malicious actions" of humans.
The handbook does not directly provide information on some disciplines or subjects, which only indirectly i.e. at the level of PSFs (see section 5) interface with "human dependability". Therefore the handbook does not provide direct support to "goals" such as:
- optimize information flux in control room during simulations and critical operations,
- manage cultural differences in a team,
- cope with negative group dynamics,
- present best practices and guidelines about team training needs and training methods,
- provide guidelines and best practices concerning planning of shifts,
- present basic theory about team motivation, and
- manage conflict of interests on a project.
- Technical report69 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This handbook identifies data sources and respective methods that can be used for reliability prediction of components. It proposes suitable data sources and an application matrix for component families.
- Technical report30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The services specified in this document are health and social care services for older persons provided by healthcare and social care personnel. This document
- specifies requirements and recommendations for services provided to the older person at home and in care homes, based on the older person's individual needs and preferences to assist self-determination, participation, and a safe and secure old age.
- specifies requirements and recommendations for systematic approaches regarding the service provider’s ability to produce a good quality of care and support for the older person.
- covers services irrespective of the legal form of ownership and whether the service is publicly or privately funded.
- is applicable to care providers, regardless of structure, organization, ownership, size or type of the care services provided.
- can be used by the service provider at all management levels in the organization to plan, lead, implement, maintain, evaluate and improve the quality of the service.
- can be used by the provider for internal audits or self-assessment and/or external parties for certification/accreditation to assess the provider’s ability to meet the older person´s needs and expectations.
- can be used to provide basic information for procurement and education.
- does not cover standardization of medical devices and clinical guidelines.
- Technical specification63 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This handbook defines methods for process assessment and improvement that may be used to meet the requirements on
process assessment and improvement of the EN16602-80 (equivalent to ECSS-Q-ST-80C) subclause 5.7. These methods constitute a clear and proven w ay of implementing those requirements. Alternative methods can be used provided that they meet the detailed instructions provided in this handbook for recognition of software process assessment schemes and results and process improvement.
This handbook provides a detailed method for the implementation of the requirements of the EN16602-80 for software process assessment and improvement. It also establishes detailed instructions for alternative methods intended to meet the same EN16602-80 requirements.
The process assessment and improvement scheme presented in this handbook is based on and conformant to the ISO/IEC 15504 International Standard. In designing this process assessment and improvement scheme the ISO/IEC 15504 exemplar process assessment model w as adopted and extended to address specific requirements.
The methods provided in this handbook can support organizations in meeting their business goals and in this context they can be tailored to suit their specific needs and requirements. How ever w hen used to claim compliance with relevant requirements in EN16602-80 only the steps and activities explicitly marked as recommended in this handbook may be omitted or modified.
- Technical report122 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Handbook provides guidelines to manage obsolescence of Materials, Mechanical Parts and Processes (in-house and sub-contracted).
It is useful for any actor of the European Space sector.
It covers Materials, Mechanical Parts and Processes (MMPP) used in flight hardware as well as ground support equipment (including test systems) and materials or tools used during process (not in the final product) and skills (knowhow).
It is not within the scope of this Handbook to address EEE components and software.
This document describes the general causes of obsolescences and introduces the concepts of proactive and reactive obsolescence management, depending of the programme phase.
- Technical report36 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This handbook provides recommendations, methods and procedures that can be used for the selection and reuse of existing software in space software systems.
This handbook is applicable to all types of software of a space system, including the space segment, the launch service segment and the ground segment software (including EGSEs) whenever existing software is intended to be reused within them.
This handbook covers the following topics:
• Software reuse approach including guidelines to build the Software Reuse File
• Techniques to support completion of existing software qualification to allow its reuse in a particular project
• Tool qualification
• Risk management aspects of reusing existing software Existing software can be of any type: Purchased (or COTS), Legacy-Software, open-source software, customer-furnished items (CFI's), etc.
NOTE Special emphasis is put on guidance for the reuse of COTS software often available as-is and for which no code and documentation are often available.
Legal and contractual aspects of reuse are in principle out of scope; how ever guidelines to help in determine the
reusability of existing software from a contractual point of view is provided in [ESA/REG/002].
Any organization with the business objective of systematic reuse may need to implement the organizational reuse processes presented in [ISO12207]. These processes w ill support the identification of reusable software products and components within selected reuse domains, their classification, storage and systematic reuse within the projects of that organization, etc. But these processes are out of scope of this handbook as the handbook is centred on the specific project activities to reuse an existing software product, not part of those organizational reuse processes more oriented to ‘design for reuse’ processes.
In addition, this handbook provides guidelines to be used for the selection and analysis of tools for the development, verification and validation of the operational software.
- Technical report58 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This handbook provides assessors with a number of instruments needed to perform software process capability assessments using the assessment method described in EN 17603-80-11 (equivalent to ECSS-Q-HB-80-02 Part 1). It also provides instruments that help assessors to carry out their activities when performing assessments and supporting the implementation of software process improvement initiatives using the method for process improvement described in Part 1.
The instruments provided are:
• The Process Assessment Model (PAM) required to perform assessments including process descriptions and process attribute indicators
• Conformance statement to the requirements in ISO/IEC 15504 Part 2
• A definition of the Process Reference Model (PRM) on which TR 17603-80-11 and TR 17603-80-12 (equivalent to ECSS-Q-HB-80-02 Part 1 and 2) PAM are based (defined in TR 17603-80-11)
• Detailed traces from base practices in the PAM to standard clauses and from work products to expected outputs.
- Technical report129 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The scope of this Handbook is the software metrication as part of a space project, i.e. a space system, a subsystem including hardware and software, or ultimately a software product. It is intended to complement the EN 16602-80 (equivalent to ECSS-Q-ST-80) with specific guidelines related to use of different software metrics including their collection, analysis and reporting. Tailoring guidelines for the software metrication process are also provided to help to meet specific project requirements.
This Handbook provides recommendations, methods and procedures that can be used for the selection and application of appropriate metrics, but it does not include new requirements w ith respect to those provided by EN 16602-80 (equivalent to ECSS-ST-Q-80).
The scope of this Handbook covers the following topics:
• Specification of the goals and objectives for a metrication programme.
• Identification of criteria for selection of metrics in a specific project / environment (goal driven).
• Planning of metrication in the development life cycle.
• Interface of metrication with engineering processes.
• Data collection aspects (including use of tools).
• Approach to the analysis of the collected data.
• Feedback into the process and product based on the analysis results.
• Continuous improvement of measurement process.
• Use of metrics for process and product improvement.
This Handbook is applicable to all types of software of all major parts of a space system, including the space segment, the launch service segment and the ground segment software.
- Technical report100 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Handbook provides guidance on the application of the dependability and safety requirements relevant to software defined in EN 16602-80 (equivalent of ECSS-Q-ST-80).
This Handbook provides support for the selection and application of software dependability and safety methods and techniques that can be used in the development of software-intensive space systems.
This Handbook covers all of the different kinds of software for which EN 16602-80 (equivalent of ECSS-Q-ST-80) is applicable. Although the overall software dependability and safety workflow description is mainly targeted to the development of spacecraft, the described approach can be adapted to projects of different nature (e.g. launchers, ground systems).
The methods and techniques described in the scope of this Handbook are limited to assessment aspects, not including development and implementation techniques for dependability and safety (e.g. fault tolerance techniques, or development methods like coding standards, etc.).
Although dependability is a composite term, including reliability, availability and maintainability, this Handbook addresses in particular the reliability aspects. Software maintainability and availability are not covered in depth by this handbook, because the relevant methods and techniques are still undergoing improvement. Nevertheless, whenever a link can be made to either of these two characteristics, it is explicitly mentioned in the corresponding section.
- Technical report43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a general outline of the ISO 3834 series and criteria to be taken into account for
the selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials,
among the three levels specified in ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 and ISO 3834-4.
It is applicable to manufacturing, both in workshops and at field installation sites.
This document does not specify requirements for a total quality management system (QMS). However,
Clause 6 identifies QMS elements where their inclusion complements the ISO 3834 series.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard11 pagesGerman languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines comprehensive quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials
both in workshops and at field installation sites.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines elementary quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials both
in workshops and at field installation sites.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines comprehensive quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials both in workshops and at field installation sites.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard16 pagesGerman languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the capability of a manufacturer to use the friction
stir welding (FSW) process for the production of products of the specified quality. It specifies quality
requirements, but does not assign those requirements to any specific product group.
In this document, the term “aluminium” refers to aluminium and its alloys.
This document does not apply to friction stir spot welding which is covered by the ISO 18785 series.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies methods for measuring the end-to-end transit time of domestic and cross-border Single Piece Priority Mail (SPPM), collected, processed and delivered by postal service operators. It considers methods using representative end-to-end samples for all types of single piece priority mail services for addressed mail with defined transit-time service levels offered to the customer. This standard is applicable to the measurement of End-to-End priority mail services.
The standardized QoS-measurement method provides a uniform way for measuring the end-to-end transit time of postal items. Using a standardized measurement method will assure that the measurement will be done in an objective and equal way for all operators in accordance with the requirements of the Postal Directive 97/67/EC and its amendments.
This European Standard is mandatory and mainly used for performance measurement connected to requirements of the Universal Postal Service; domestic and international (UNEX).
- Standard116 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method using a barcoding system for tracing potential isolated defects that can be present in the following kinds of coated or uncoated steel flat products, for example:
- electro-galvanised surface
- galvanised surface
- galvannealed surface
- cold rolled surface
This method, named “quality tracking”, aims at transferring additional material information to the steel users, especially the location of some isolated defects, in a reliable way. This method enables the manufacturer or purchaser to eliminate blanks or coils containing defects.
The method uses a 1D barcode to identify each section of steel strip.
NOTE 1 The stakeholders most involved in this technique are suppliers of steel flat products, car makers, appliance makers, part manufacturers, blanking line builders, steel processors, service centres, etc. All stakeholders can benefit from this project since defects can be traced, and, therefore, the steel containing defects can be eliminated or set apart of the production line.
NOTE 2 In the first stages of development, this method was called "defect tracking" (see [1]) and has been changed into "quality tracking" at the beginning of the standardization process.
NOTE 3 Quality tracking can be applied to other types of coated or uncoated steel flat products such as pickled and oiled, organic coated, and steels for packaging. Quality tracking can be applied for coiled materials for which the technology of quality tracking is applicable.
NOTE 4 If quality tracking data are used outside of the purpose of quality tracking, it is under the responsibility of the user.
NOTE 5 Quality tracking can be applied to other materials than steel.
NOTE 6 The way to collect the information to be transferred to the user is out of the scope of this document.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO/IEC 80079 specifies particular requirements and information for establishing and maintaining a quality system to manufacture Ex equipment productsincluding protective systems in accordance with the Ex certificate. While it does not preclude the use of other quality systems that are compatible with the objectives of ISO 9001:2008 2015 and which provide equivalent results, the minimum requirements shall be in accordance with this standard.
- Standard89 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies requirements for the durability testing of coatings most commonly used for space applications, i.e.:
- Thin film optical coatings
- Thermo-optical and thermal control coatings (the majority are paints, metallic deposits and coatings for stray light reduction)
- Metallic coatings for other applications (RF, electrical, corrosion protection)
This standard covers testing for both ground and in-orbit phases of a space mission, mainly for satellite applications.
This standard applies to coatings within off the shelf items
This standard specifies the types of test to be performed for each class of coating, covering the different phases of a space project (evaluation, qualification and acceptance)
This standard does not cover:
- The particular qualification requirements for a specific mission
- Specific applications of coatings for launchers (e.g. high temperature coatings)
- Specific functional testing requirements for the different coating classes
- Test requirements for long term storage
- Solar cell cover glass coatings
- Surface treatments and conformal coatings applied on EEE parts
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
EN-IEC 62941 is applicable to organizations manufacturing photovoltaic (PV) modulescertified to IEC 61215 series and IEC 62108 for design qualification and type approval andIEC 61730 for safety qualification and type approval. The design qualification and typeapproval of PV modules depend on appropriate methods for product and process design, aswell as appropriate control of materials and processes used to manufacture the product. Thisdocument lays out best practices for product design, manufacturing processes, and selectionand control of materials used in the manufacture of PV modules that have met therequirements of IEC 61215 series, IEC 61730, or IEC 62108. These standards also form thebasis for factory audit criteria of such sites by various certifying and auditory bodies.The object of this document is to provide a framework for the improved confidence in theongoing consistency of performance and reliability of certified PV modules. The requirementsof this document are defined with the assumption that the quality management system of theorganization has already fulfilled the requirements of ISO 9001 or equivalent qualitymanagement system. This document is not intended to replace or remove any requirements ofISO9001 or equivalent quality management system. By maintaining a manufacturing system inaccordance with this document, PV modules are expected to maintain their performance asdetermined from the test sequences in IEC 61215 series, IEC 62108, or IEC 61730.This document is applicable to all PV modules independent of design and technology, i.e. flatpanel, concentrator photovoltaic (CPV). Quality controls for CPV and nonconventional flatplatemanufacturing will differ somewhat from those of more conventional designs; thisdocument has not considered these differences.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Standard defines the quality assurance (QA) requirements for the establishment and implementation of a Quality Assurance
programme for products of space projects. Discipline related qualification activities are complemented in standards specific to those
disciplines (e.g. ECSS-E-ST-32-01 for fracture control).
For software quality assurance, the software product assurance standard, ECSS-Q-ST-80 is applicable.
This Standard is applicable to all space projects.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
For the tailoring of this standard the following information is provided:
- A table providing the pre-tailoring per "Product types" in clause 6
- A table providing the pre-tailoring per "Project phase" in Annex J
- Standard70 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Standard defines the requirements for the control of nonconformances.
This Standard applies to all deliverable products and supplies, at all levels, which fail to conform to project requirements.
This Standard is applicable throughout the whole project lifecycle as defined in ECSS-M-ST-10.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61078:2016 this International Standard describes: - the requirements to apply when reliability block diagrams (RBDs) are used in dependability analysis; - the procedures for modelling the dependability of a system with reliability block diagrams; - how to use RBDs for qualitative and quantitative analysis; - the procedures for using the RBD model to calculate availability, failure frequency and reliability measures for different types of systems with constant (or time dependent) probabilities of blocks success/failure, and for non-repaired blocks or repaired blocks; - some theoretical aspects and limitations in performing calculations for availability, failure frequency and reliability measures; - the relationships with fault tree analysis (see IEC 61025) and Markov techniques (see IEC 61165). This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - the structure of the document has been entirely reconsidered, the title modified and the content extended and improved to provide more information about availability, reliability and failure frequency calculations; - Clause 3 has been extended and clauses have been introduced to describe the electrical analogy, the "non-coherent" RBDs and the "dynamic" RBDs; - Annex B about Boolean algebra methods has been extended; - Annex C (Calculations of time dependent probabilities), Annex D (Importance factors), Annex E (RBD driven Petri net models) and Annex F (Numerical examples and curves) have been introduced. Keywords: reliability block diagram (RBD)
- Standard121 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard provides recommendations and guidance on the quality assurance and quality control of earthworks construction forming part of general civil engineering and building works. It provides guidance on the techniques to be used to give clients, contractors and designers confidence that the earthworks have been constructed in accordance with their requirements.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Technical Report defines statistics, terms and quality criteria for Web archiving. It considers the
needs and practices across a wide range of organisations such as libraries, archives, museums, research
centres and heritage foundations. The examples mentioned are taken from the library sector, because
libraries, especially national libraries, have taken up the new task of Web archiving in the context of
legal deposit. This should in no way be taken to undermine the important contributions of institutions
which are not libraries. Neither does it reduce the principal applicability of this Technical Report for
heritage institutions and archiving professionals.
This Technical Report is intended for professionals directly involved in Web archiving, often in mixed
teams consisting of library or archive curators, engineers and managerial staff. It is also useful for Web
archiving institutions’ funding authorities and external stakeholders. The terminology used in this
Technical Report attempts to reflect the wide range of interests and expertise of the audiences, striking
a balance between computer science, management and librarianship.
This Technical Report does not consider the management of academic and commercial electronic
resources, such as e-journals, e-newspapers or e-books, which are usually stored and processed
separately using different management systems. They are regarded as Internet resources and are not
addressed in this Technical Report as distinct streams of content of Web archives. Some organisations
also collect electronic documents, which may be delivered through the Web, through publisher-based
electronic deposits and repository systems. These too are out of scope for this Technical Report. The
principles and techniques used for this kind of collecting are indeed very different from those of Web
archiving; statistics and quality indicators relevant for one kind of method are not necessarily relevant
for the other.
Finally, this Technical Report essentially focuses on Web archiving principles and methods, and does
not encompass alternative ways of collecting Internet resources. As a matter of fact, some Internet
resources, especially those that are not distributed on the Web (e.g. newsletters distributed as e-mails)
are not harvested by Web archiving techniques and are collected by other means that are not described
nor analysed in this Technical Report.
- Technical report59 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Technical report54 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This Standard specifies quality assurance and safety assurance requirements for space test centres, applicable to the test process, test personnel (both, of the customer and the space test centre), test facilities, test environment and any operations related to the test specimen under responsibility of the space test centre as requested by the customer.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61078:2016 this International Standard describes:
- the requirements to apply when reliability block diagrams (RBDs) are used in dependability analysis;
- the procedures for modelling the dependability of a system with reliability block diagrams;
- how to use RBDs for qualitative and quantitative analysis;
- the procedures for using the RBD model to calculate availability, failure frequency and reliability measures for different types of systems with constant (or time dependent) probabilities of blocks success/failure, and for non-repaired blocks or repaired blocks;
- some theoretical aspects and limitations in performing calculations for availability, failure frequency and reliability measures;
- the relationships with fault tree analysis (see IEC 61025) and Markov techniques (see IEC 61165). This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- the structure of the document has been entirely reconsidered, the title modified and the content extended and improved to provide more information about availability, reliability and failure frequency calculations;
- Clause 3 has been extended and clauses have been introduced to describe the electrical analogy, the "non-coherent" RBDs and the "dynamic" RBDs;
- Annex B about Boolean algebra methods has been extended;
- Annex C (Calculations of time dependent probabilities), Annex D (Importance factors), Annex E (RBD driven Petri net models) and Annex F (Numerical examples and curves) have been introduced. Keywords: reliability block diagram (RBD)
- Standard250 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This Technical Specification sets out guidance for the implementation of service excellence in order to create outstanding customer experiences, exceed customer expectations, and achieve customer delight. It does not focus on the provision of basic customer service which organizations should already have in place.
This document applies to all organizations delivering services such as commercial organizations, public services and not-for-profit organizations.
- Technical specification29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
In the current competitive world, Quality of Service (QoS) is becoming, jointly with cost, a key indicator in selling and
buying telecommunications services. At the same time, technology and liberalization trends are raising new types of
concerns unknown with the Plain Old Telephony Services (POTS) using switched connections provided by a single
monopoly supplier.
Nowadays, there are several standards describing QoS measurements but the questions of which indicators are to be
monitored and which values they should meet are still open. The present document proposes a methodology for the
identification of indicators relevant to the users that can be used either to monitor the QoS of Telecom services used by
the private customers or for a Service Level Agreement (SLA) between a business customer and a supplier of
Telecommunications services such as that proposed in ETSI EG 202 009-3 [i.22]. This part 3 gives guidelines on how
to express explicit user's QoS requirements, prioritize the indicators, establish a preferred value for each of these
indicators, while ETSI EG 202 009-2 [i.21] proposes QoS indicators for each service and each step of the Customer
Relationship Course.
The present document was written to make available to the providers and users of any kind of telecom services (legacy
network based or IP network based services) a common basis for mutual understanding about quality of service. It aims
to assist users in identifying rationally their QoS requirements in terms of Service Level Objectives (SLO), helping the
providers to better meet them for their mutual benefit.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide49 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification sets out guidance for the implementation of service excellence in order to create outstanding customer experiences, exceed customer expectations and achieve customer delight. It does not focus on providing basic customer service which organizations should already have in place.
This document applies to all organizations delivering services, such as commercial organizations, public services and not-for-profit organizations.
- Technical specification29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Technical Report specifies methods for measuring the quality of a re-forwarding service of domestic addressed mail that is collected, processed and delivered by postal service operators. As a European Standard or technical specification it relates to the measurement of services given to household and business customers who receive mail at their homes, their post office boxes, or at their office premises and have contracted their national Postal Operator (PO) to re-forward their mail for a defined stretch of time to an address that deviates from the one presented on the postal items that are to be delivered to them.
It is not the purpose of this standard to measure the POs performance in a way that provides direct comparison of postal service providers.
- Technical report11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard describes a generic methodology for dependability assessment and assurance of communication networks from a network life cycle perspective. It presents the network dependability assessment strategies and methodology for analysis of network topology, evaluation of dependability of service paths, and optimization of network configurations in order to achieve network dependability performance and dependability of service. It also addresses the network dependability assurance strategies and methodology for application of network health check, network outage control and test case management to enhance and sustain dependability performance in network service operation. This standard is applicable to network service providers, network designers and developers, and network maintainers and operators for assurance of network dependability performance and assessment of dependability of service.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO 14554 specifies requirements for the demonstration of the capability of a manufacturer or a sub-contractor to produce welded constructions, fulfilling specified quality requirements, in one or more of the following: - a contract between involved parties; - an application standard; - a regulatory requirement. The requirements contained within this part of ISO 14554 can be adopted in full or can be selectively deleted by the manufacturer if not applicable to the construction concerned. They provide a flexible framework for the control of welding by providing specific requirements for: - Case 1 - resistance welding in contracts which require the manufacturer or sub-contractor to have a quality system other than ISO 9001 and where the documented welding control has a minor importance to the overall integrity of the final construction; - Case 2 - resistance welding as guidance to a manufacturer or sub-contractor developing a quality system; - Case 3 - references in application standards which use resistance welding as part of their requirements or in a contract between relevant parties. This part of ISO 14554: - is independent of the type of welded construction to be manufactured; - defines quality requirements for welding both in production plants and on site; - provides guidance for describing the capability of a manufacturer to produce welded constructions to meet specified requirements; - can also be used as a basis for assessing the manufacturer in respect to his welding capability. For general guidelines for selection and use, see ISO 3834-1, while being aware that only comprehensive and elementary requirements are specified for resistance welding . Annex A gives a summary comparison of specific quality requirements for resistance welding in this part of ISO 14554 and ISO 14554-1.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 14554-1 specifies requirements for the demonstration of the capability of a manufacturer or a sub-contractor to produce welded constructions, fulfilling specified quality requirements, in one or more of the following: - a contract between involved parties; - an application standard; - a regulatory requirement. The requirements contained within this part of ISO 14554 can be adopted in full or can be selectively deleted by the manufacturer if not applicable to the construction concerned. They provide a flexible framework for the control of welding by providing specific requirements for: - Case 1 - resistance welding in contracts which require the manufacturer or sub-contractor to have a quality system in accordance with ISO 9001; - Case 2 - resistance welding in contracts which require the manufacturer or sub-contractor to have a quality system other than ISO 9001;[4] - Case 3 - resistance welding as guidance to a manufacturer or sub-contractor developing a quality system; - Case 4 - references in application standards which use resistance welding as part of their requirements or in a contract between relevant parties, although it is more appropriate for ISO 14554-2 to be used in such cases. This part of ISO 14554: - is independent of the type of welded construction to be manufactured; - defines quality requirements for welding both in production plants and on site; - provides guidance for describing the capability of a manufacturer to produce welded constructions to meet specified requirements; - can also be used as a basis for assessing the manufacturer in respect to his welding capability. For general guidelines for selection and use, see ISO 3834-1, while being aware that only comprehensive and elementary quality requirements are specified for resistance welding. Annex A g ives a s ummary comparison of specific quality requirements for resistance welding in this part of ISO 14554 and ISO 14554-2.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61193 establishes sampling plans for inspection by attributes, including sample plan selection criteria and implementation procedures for printed board and laminate end-product and in-process auditing. The principles established herein permit the use of different sampling plans that may be applied to an individual attribute or set of attributes, according to classification of importance with regard to form, fit and function.
- Standard65 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies requirements for the quality management system for the production and trade of solid recovered fuels from the reception of waste(s) up to the delivery of solid recovered fuels (Figure 1).
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard – translation36 pagesSlovenian languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard gives guidance for reliability growth during final testing or acceptance testing of unique complex systems. It gives guidance on accelerated test conditions and criteria for stopping these tests.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The present document provides guidelines for the user experience of real-time communication services. The services include person-to-person (two-way) communication and person-to-machine (one-way) communication. The present document is revised from EG 202 534 [i.11] that was restricted to person-to-person communication services. The revision adds new guidelines that have been requested by stakeholders and omits some of the previous guidelines that are no longer considered relevant. The guidelines are based on empirical data about user experience. Most of the data is obtained from scientific papers. A minority of guidelines are based on existing standardisation documents to ensure that relevant normative and informative standards material is clear amongst results available from journal articles, conference papers, research reports, etc. The present document does not replace any existing standards. Most of the guidelines derived from scientific papers are specific to a particular context, in that the original user tests were for specific tasks, users and technical parameters and therefore the results may not be generalisable. Although the guidelines provide information about the main user experience measure(s) and technical parameter(s) of a particular test result, it is beyond the scope of the present document to provide all of the variables concerned with each user test. However, the origin of each empirical source of a guideline is shown and listed in the References.
- Standard98 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard98 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide98 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Describes fault tree analysis and provides guidance on its application to perform an analysis, identifies appropriate assumptions, events and failure modes, and provides identification rules and symbols.
- Standard55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard describes early reliability assessment methods for items based on field data and test data for components and modules. It is applicable to mission, safety and business critical, high integrity and complex items. It contains information on why early reliability estimates are required and how and where the assessment would be used.
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61193 applies to the inspection of electronic components, packages, and also modules (referred to as "products" in this standard) for use in electronic and electric equipment. It specifies sampling plans for inspection by attributes on the assumption that the acceptance number is zero (Ac = 0), including criteria for sample selection and procedures. The zero acceptance number sampling plans provided by this standard apply to the inspection of products, that are manufactured under suitable process control with the target of a "zerodefect" quality level before sampling inspection. In addition, this standard provides a method for the calculation of the expected value of the statistical verified quality limit (SVQL) at a confidence level of 60 %. Amongst other things, this method can be used to verify the effectiveness of the supplier's process control.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies quality management system requirements, supplementary to those of
EN ISO 9001:2000, for the management of safety in the field of the transport of dangerous goods by road, rail and inland navigation.
Application of this document covers, and is limited to, the range of transport related services that a company claims to provide in compliance with this European Standard.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard gives guidance for reliability growth during final testing or acceptance testing of unique complex systems. It gives guidance on accelerated test conditions and criteria for stopping these tests.
- Standard71 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This part of ISO 3834 gives guidelines for the implementation of requirements given in the other parts of ISO 3834, and is intended to help manufacturers and users select that part of ISO 3834 appropriate to their needs. It is expected that they will already be familiar with ISO 3834 as a whole.
- Technical report28 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Technical report24 pagesGerman languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day