kSIST FprEN ISO 22475-1:2020

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling of soil, rock and groundwater - Part 1: Technical principles (ISO/FDIS 22475-1:2020)

Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Probenentnahmeverfahren für Boden, Fels und Grundwasser - Teil 1: Technische Grundlagen (ISO/FDIS 22475-1:2020)

Dieses Dokument behandelt die Grundlagen für die Entnahme von Proben von Boden, Fels und Grundwasser als Teil des Programms zur geotechnischen Erkundung und Untersuchung.
ANMERKUNG 1 Dieses Dokument erfüllt die Anforderungen an die Entnahme von Proben von Boden, Fels und Grundwasser sowie an Grundwassermessungen als Teil des Programms zur geotechnischen Erkundung und Untersuchung nach EN 1997 1 und EN 1997 2. Diese Erkundungen dienen:
a) der Gewinnung von Boden-, Fels- und Wasserproben in einer Qualität, die es erlaubt, die allgemeine Eignung des Baugrundes für geotechnische Zwecke zu beurteilen und die geforderten Baugrundeigenschaften im Labor zu bestimmen;
b) der Feststellung von Folge, Dicke und räumlicher Lage der Schichten und Trennflächen;
c) der Feststellung von Art, Zusammensetzung und Zustand der einzelnen Schichten;
d) der Feststellung der Grundwasserverhältnisse im Baugrund, Entnahme von Wasserproben für die Beurteilung der Wechselwirkung zwischen Grundwasser, Boden, Fels und Baustoffen.
Die Gewinnung von Bodenproben für landwirtschaftliche und umweltbezogene Bodenuntersuchungen wird nicht behandelt.
ANMERKUNG 2 Eine Anleitung zur Entnahme von Bodenproben für diese Zwecke einschließlich kontaminierter oder potentiell kontaminierter Untersuchungsstellen kann der Normenreihe ISO 18400 entnommen werden. In ISO 18400 204 ist zudem eine Anleitung zur Probenentnahme und Messung von Bodengas angegeben.
ANMERKUNG 3 Die in diesem Dokument angegebenen Verfahren der Probenentnahme sind möglicherweise nicht für alle Bodenarten geeignet, z. B. Torf mit einer starken Faserstruktur.
ANMERKUNG 4 Einige der in diesem Dokument angegebenen Probenentnahmeverfahren sind sowohl für Boden und für Fels geeignet.
Die Norm gilt auch nicht für die Gewinnung von Wasserproben zur Kontrolle der Eignung, Beschaffenheit und Erkennung von Wasserverunreinigungsquellen, einschließlich Ablagerung und Schlämmen.
ANMERKUNG 5 Die Gewinnung von Wasserproben für diese Zwecke wird in der Normenreihe ISO 5667 behandelt.

Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Prélèvements d'échantillons de sol, roche et d'eau souterraine - Partie 1: Principes techniques (ISO/FDIS 22475-1:2020)

Geotehnično preiskovanje in preskušanje - Vzorčenje zemlje, skal in podzemne vode - 1. del: Tehnična načela (ISO/FDIS 22475-1:2020)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 19-Jan-2019
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: KON.007 - Geotechnics
• Current Stage: 5020 - Formal vote (FV) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 30-Mar-2020
• Due Date: 18-May-2020
• Completion Date: 31-Mar-2020
• Ref Project: FprEN ISO 22475-1 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling methods and groundwater measurements - Part 1: Technical principles for the sampling of soil, rock and groundwater (ISO/FDIS 22475-1:2021)

RELATIONS

• Revised: SIST EN ISO 22475-1:2007 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling methods and groundwater measurements - Part 1: Technical principles for execution (ISO 22475-1:2006)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 22475-1:2019
01-januar-2019
*HRWHKQLþQRSUHLVNRYDQMHLQSUHVNXãDQMH9]RUþHQMH]HPOMHVNDOLQSRG]HPQH
YRGHGHO7HKQLþQDQDþHOD,62',6

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling of soil, rock and groundwater - Part 1:

Technical principles (ISO/DIS 22475-1:2018)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Probenentnahmeverfahren und
Grundwassermessungen - Teil 1: Technische Grundlagen der Ausführung (ISO/DIS
22475-1:2018)

Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Prélèvements d'échantillons de sol, roche et

d'eau souterraine - Partie 1: Principes techniques (ISO/DIS 22475-1:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 22475-1
ICS:
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
oSIST prEN ISO 22475-1:2019 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 22475-1:2019
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oSIST prEN ISO 22475-1:2019
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 22475-1
ISO/TC 182 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2018-11-01 2019-01-24
Geotechnical investigation and testing — Sampling of soil,
rock and groundwater —
Part 1:
Technical principles

Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Prélèvements d'échantillons de sol, roche et d'eau souterraine —

Partie 1: Principes techniques
ICS: 93.020
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 22475-1:2018(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2018
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oSIST prEN ISO 22475-1:2019
ISO/DIS 22475-1
ISO/DIS 22475-1:2018(E)
Contents Page

1 Scope......................................................................................................................................................9

2 Normative references............................................................................................................................9

3 Terms and definitions .........................................................................................................................10

3.1 Ground investigation methods ..........................................................................................................10

3.2 Drilling rigs and equipment................................................................................................................10

3.3 Sampling...............................................................................................................................................11

3.4 Abbreviations and Symbols ...............................................................................................................14

4 Equipment ............................................................................................................................................14

4.1 Requirements for the drilling rigs and equipment...........................................................................14

4.2 Drilling parameters..............................................................................................................................14

4.3 Safety and special requirements .......................................................................................................15

5 Procedures...........................................................................................................................................15

5.1 General requirements for sampling...................................................................................................15

5.2 Selection of techniques and methods...............................................................................................15

5.3 Sampling categories for soil ..............................................................................................................16

5.4 Sampling categories for rock.............................................................................................................18

5.5 Sampling in trial pits, other excavations, headings and shafts .....................................................19

5.6 Requirements for ground investigation sites and points ...............................................................20

5.7 Preliminary information needed before starting sampling and groundwater

measurements .....................................................................................................................................20

5.8 Backfilling and site reinstatement .....................................................................................................21

6 Soil sampling methods .......................................................................................................................21

6.1 General .................................................................................................................................................21

6.2 Categories of soil sampling methods ...............................................................................................21

6.3 Sampling by drilling (continuous sampling) ....................................................................................21

6.4 Sampling using samplers...................................................................................................................28

6.5 Block sampling ....................................................................................................................................35

7 Rock sampling methods.....................................................................................................................36

7.1 General .................................................................................................................................................36

7.2 Categories for rock sampling methods.............................................................................................36

7.3 Sampling by drilling ............................................................................................................................38

7.4 Block sampling ....................................................................................................................................39

8 Groundwater sampling methods for geotechnical purposes.........................................................39

8.1 General .................................................................................................................................................39

8.2 Equipment ............................................................................................................................................39

8.3 Techniques of groundwater sampling ..............................................................................................40

9 Preservation, labelling, transport and storage of samples.............................................................40

9.1 General .................................................................................................................................................40

9.2 Preservation of samples.....................................................................................................................41

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

9.3 Labelling of samples ...........................................................................................................................42

© ISO 2018

9.4 Transport and storage of samples ....................................................................................................42

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

10 Report ...................................................................................................................................................43

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting

10.1 Field report...........................................................................................................................................43

on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address

below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. 10.2 Report of the results ...........................................................................................................................48

ISO copyright office

Annex A (informative) Example of a form for the preliminary information on the intended

CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8

sampling and groundwater measurements....................................................................................49

CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]

Annex B (informative) Field reports ................................................................................................................51

Fax: [phone]

B.1 Summary log........................................................................................................................................51

Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 22475-1:2019
ISO/DIS 22475-1:2018(E)
Contents Page

1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 9

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 9

3 Terms and definitions ......................................................................................................................... 10

3.1 Ground investigation methods .......................................................................................................... 10

3.2 Drilling rigs and equipment ................................................................................................................ 10

3.3 Sampling............................................................................................................................................... 11

3.4 Abbreviations and Symbols ............................................................................................................... 14

4 Equipment ............................................................................................................................................ 14

4.1 Requirements for the drilling rigs and equipment ........................................................................... 14

4.2 Drilling parameters .............................................................................................................................. 14

4.3 Safety and special requirements ....................................................................................................... 15

5 Procedures ........................................................................................................................................... 15

5.1 General requirements for sampling ................................................................................................... 15

5.2 Selection of techniques and methods ............................................................................................... 15

5.3 Sampling categories for soil .............................................................................................................. 16

5.4 Sampling categories for rock ............................................................................................................. 18

5.5 Sampling in trial pits, other excavations, headings and shafts ..................................................... 19

5.6 Requirements for ground investigation sites and points ............................................................... 20

5.7 Preliminary information needed before starting sampling and groundwater

measurements ..................................................................................................................................... 20

5.8 Backfilling and site reinstatement ..................................................................................................... 21

6 Soil sampling methods ....................................................................................................................... 21

6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 21

6.2 Categories of soil sampling methods ............................................................................................... 21

6.3 Sampling by drilling (continuous sampling) .................................................................................... 21

6.4 Sampling using samplers ................................................................................................................... 28

6.5 Block sampling .................................................................................................................................... 35

7 Rock sampling methods ..................................................................................................................... 36

7.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 36

7.2 Categories for rock sampling methods ............................................................................................. 36

7.3 Sampling by drilling ............................................................................................................................ 38

7.4 Block sampling .................................................................................................................................... 39

8 Groundwater sampling methods for geotechnical purposes ......................................................... 39

8.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 39

8.2 Equipment ............................................................................................................................................ 39

8.3 Techniques of groundwater sampling .............................................................................................. 40

9 Preservation, labelling, transport and storage of samples ............................................................. 40

9.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 40

9.2 Preservation of samples ..................................................................................................................... 41

9.3 Labelling of samples ........................................................................................................................... 42

9.4 Transport and storage of samples .................................................................................................... 42

10 Report ................................................................................................................................................... 43

10.1 Field report ........................................................................................................................................... 43

10.2 Report of the results ........................................................................................................................... 48

Annex A (informative) Example of a form for the preliminary information on the intended

sampling and groundwater measurements .................................................................................... 49

Annex B (informative) Field reports ................................................................................................................ 51

B.1 Summary log ........................................................................................................................................ 51

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B.2 Drilling record ..................................................................................................................................... 52

B.3 Sampling record.................................................................................................................................. 53

B.4 Record of identification and description of soil and rock .............................................................. 54

B.5 Backfilling record................................................................................................................................ 56

B.6 Record of groundwater measurements ............................................................................................ 57

B.7 Daily report .......................................................................................................................................... 58

Annex C (informative) Drilling and sampling equipment for soil and rock .............................................. 59

C.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 59

C.2 Drill rods and casing .......................................................................................................................... 59

C.3 Corebarrel data ................................................................................................................................... 62

C.4 Schematic illustrations of single and double-tube corebarrels ..................................................... 67

C.5 Schematic illustrations of wireline and geotechnical wireline corebarrels .................................. 71

C.6 Water-well casing................................................................................................................................ 75

C.7 Bit selection chart ............................................................................................................................... 76

C.8 Core bit profiles .................................................................................................................................. 77

C.9 Rock bit types and sizes .................................................................................................................... 78

C.10 Examples of core lifter and sample retainer design ....................................................................... 79

C.11 Sampling equipment .......................................................................................................................... 80

C.12 Cable percussion drilling tools ......................................................................................................... 89

C.13 Types of augers .................................................................................................................................. 92

C.14 Method of recovering samples from trial pits .................................................................................. 95

C.15 Method of sampling using a large sampler ...................................................................................... 99

C.16 Evaluation of soil sample quality .................................................................................................... 108

C.17 Sampling methods with respect to the sampling category in different soil ............................... 109

Annex D (informative) Examples of commonly used samplers and sample types ................................. 110

Annex E (informative) Vacuum bottles for groundwater sampling ........................................................... 112

Annex F (informative) Sealing and securing samples ................................................................................ 113

Annex G (informative) Sample quality .......................................................................................................... 114

Figures

Figure 1 — Definitions of the diameters D , D , D and D ........................................................................... 13

1 2 3 4

Figure 2 — Lengths of core run and sample ................................................................................................ 13

Figure 3 — Examples of open-tube sampler for recovering samples from boreholes (OS) .................... 32

Figure 4 — Schematic thin-walled stationary piston sampler for sampling from borehole bottom

(PS) ....................................................................................................................................................... 34

Figure C.1 — Drill rods and casing ................................................................................................................ 59

Figure C.2 — Drill rods taper threaded 'Y' series ......................................................................................... 61

Figure C.3 — Drill rods taper threaded 'J' series.......................................................................................... 62

Figure C.4 — Corebarrels 'metric' series according to ISO 3552-1 ............................................................ 67

Figure C.5 — Corebarrels 'W' series according to ISO 3551-1 .................................................................... 69

Figure C.6 — Corebarrels 'W' series according to ISO 3551-1 .................................................................... 70

Figure C.7 —Wireline corebarrel assembly .................................................................................................. 71

Figure C.8 — Geotechnical wireline corebarrel (inner and outer tube assembly) .................................... 73

Figure C.9 — Water-well casing with flush butt joints according to BS 879 ............................................. 75

Figure C.10 — Water-well casing with screwed and socketed joints according to BS 879 ..................... 75

Figure C.11 — Three-cone milled tooth rock bit ........................................................................................... 78

Figure C.12 — Tungsten carbide button bit .................................................................................................. 78

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Figure C.13 — Typical corebarrel lifters ........................................................................................................ 79

Figure C.14 — Typical sampler retainers ....................................................................................................... 80

Figure C.15 — Thin wall sampler (Shelby Tube) ........................................................................................... 80

Figure C.16 — Hydraulic piston sampler ....................................................................................................... 81

Figure C.17 — Stationary piston sampler with a liner of 50 mm diameter for taking samples in

soft to stiff fine soils and silts (sampling category A) ..................................................................... 82

Figure C.18 — Stationary piston sampler with liner 50 mm – Parts (dimensions in millimetres) ............ 83

Figure C.19 — Stationary piston sampler with a liner of 50 mm diameter for taking samples in

soft to stiff fine soils and silts (sampling category A and B) .......................................................... 84

Figure C.20 — U100 Sampler........................................................................................................................... 85

Figure C.21 — Standard Penetration Test (SPT) Samplers .......................................................................... 86

Figure C.22 — Typical automatic trip hammer .............................................................................................. 87

Figure C.23 — Window and windowless samplers ....................................................................................... 88

Figure C.24 — Clay cutter and shell (bailer) .................................................................................................. 89

Figure C.25 — Sectional shell ......................................................................................................................... 90

Figure C.26 — Chisels and stubber ................................................................................................................ 91

Figure C.27 — Continuous flight auger .......................................................................................................... 92

Figure C.28 — Augers with diameters between 36 mm and 100 mm for taking samples in

cohesive soils and coarse soils above groundwater level (sampling category C) ...................... 93

Figure C.29 — Hollow stem auger .................................................................................................................. 94

Figure C.30 — Examples of sampling from trial pits .................................................................................... 95

Figure C.31 — Examples of recovering samples from trial pits .................................................................. 96

Figure C.32 — Example for a thin-walled open-tube sampler ..................................................................... 97

Figure C.33 — Example for a thick-walled open-tube sampler .................................................................... 98

Figure C.34 — Example of sampling from borehole bottom using a large sampler (Sherbrooke

block sampler) ..................................................................................................................................... 99

Figure C.35 — Example (a) Sherbrooke block sampler, (b) schematic view of a block sample

being carved, (c) waxed sample, (d) schematic view of a sliced sample, (ç) a block sample

slice and (f) a piece of clay from a block sample ........................................................................... 100

Figure C.35 — Method of sampling using a Laval Sampler ....................................................................... 102

Figure C.37 - Details Deltares Large Diameter Sampler ............................................................................ 104

Figure C.38 – Examples of gel push sampling devices .............................................................................. 106

Figure C.39 — Details of el push sampling .................................................................................................. 107

Figure E.1 — Equipment for vacuum bottle sampling ................................................................................ 112

Figure F.1 — Examples of sealing and securing samples ......................................................................... 113

Tables

Table 1 — Quality classes of soil samples for laboratory testing and sampling categories to be

used ...................................................................................................................................................... 17

Table 2 — Quality classes of rock samples for laboratory tests and sampling categories to be

used ...................................................................................................................................................... 19

Table 3 — Sampling by drilling in soils .......................................................................................................... 23

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Table 4 — Tube and block samplers .............................................................................................................. 29

Table 5 — Sampling by rotary drilling in rock .............................................................................................. 37

Table C.1 — Drill rods and casing 'W'-series according to ISO 3551-1 (in Millimetres) ........................... 60

Table C.2 — Drill rods and casing 'metric' series according to ISO 3552-1 (in Millimetres) .................... 61

Table C.3 — Drill rods taper threaded 'Y' series ........................................................................................... 62

Table C.4 — Drill rods taper threaded 'J' series .....................................................

...