SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
(Main)Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438:2004)
Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438:2004)
This standard specifies a test method for screening the resistance of geotextiles and geotextile-related products to oxidation. The test is applicable to polypropylene and poluethylene based products. The data are suitable for screening but not for deriving performance data such as lifetime unless supported by further evidence.
Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Auswahlprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Oxidationsbeständigkeit (ISO 13438:2004)
Diese Internationale Norm legt ein Auswahlprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Oxidationsbeständigkeit von Geokunststoffen und mit Geokunststoffen verwandten Produkten fest. Die Prüfung ist auf Produkte aus Polypropylen und Polyethylen anwendbar.
Die Daten eignen sich für Auswahlzwecke, jedoch nicht zur Ableitung von Leistungskennwerten, wie Lebensdauer, falls sie nicht durch weitere Untersuchungsergebnisse gestützt werden
Géotextiles et produits apparentés - Méthode de détermination de la résistance a l'oxydation (ISO 13438:2004)
L'ISO 13438:2004 spécifie une méthode de détermination de la résistance à l'oxydation des géotextiles et des produits apparentés. L'essai est applicable aux produits à base de polypropylène et de polyéthylène.
Les données de l'essai conviennent en vue d'une différenciation et non pour l'évaluation de performances telles que la durée de vie sauf preuves supplémentaires.
Geotekstilije in geotekstilijam sorodni izdelki – Preskusna presejalna metoda za ugotavljanje odpornosti proti oksidaciji (ISO 13438:2004)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
01-marec-2005
Geotekstilije in geotekstilijam sorodni izdelki – Preskusna presejalna metoda za
ugotavljanje odpornosti proti oksidaciji (ISO 13438:2004)
Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the
resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438:2004)
Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Auswahlprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung
der Oxidationsbeständigkeit (ISO 13438:2004)
Géotextiles et produits apparentés - Méthode de détermination de la résistance a
l'oxydation (ISO 13438:2004)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13438:2004
ICS:
59.080.70 Geotekstilije Geotextiles
SIST EN ISO 13438:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 13438
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2004
ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes ENV ISO 13438:1999
English version
Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test
method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO
13438:2004)
Géotextiles et produits apparentés - Méthode de
détermination de la résistance à l'oxydation (ISO
13438:2004)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 October 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13438:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
EN ISO 13438:2004 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 13438:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189
"Geosynthetics", the secretariat of which is held by BSI, in collaboration with Technical
Committee ISO/TC 221 "Geosynthetics".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005.
This document supersedes ENV ISO 13438:1999.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
2
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13438
First edition
2004-11-01
Geotextiles and geotextile-related
products — Screening test method for
determining the resistance to oxidation
Géotextiles et produits apparentés — Méthode de détermination de la
résistance à l'oxydation
Reference number
ISO 13438:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
ISO 13438:2004(E)
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ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
ISO 13438:2004(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Methods A1, A2, B1 and B2 . 1
3.1 Principle . 1
3.2 Specimens . 2
3.3 Apparatus . 2
3.4 Conditioning . 2
3.5 Test procedure . 2
4 Methods C1 and C2. 3
4.1 Principle . 3
4.2 Apparatus and reagents. 3
4.3 Test procedure . 4
5 Determination of mechanical properties . 5
6 Test report . 6
Annex A (informative) Background information on oxidation processes and oxidation
measurements. 7
Bibliography . 9
© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
ISO 13438:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13438 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 189, Geosynthetics in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 221, Geosynthetics, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
iv © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
ISO 13438:2004(E)
Introduction
In many civil engineering applications geotextiles and geotextile-related products may come into contact with
water or aqueous solutions present in the soil environment. At the same time, in specific parts of the
construction, they may be exposed to oxygen, giving rise to oxidative degradation processes. These
processes are usually very slow.
Polyolefin materials such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are inherently more sensitive to
oxidation than those based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This behaviour can be improved very
effectively by the use of appropriate stabilizing additives.
It is the purpose of this international standard to provide a method for screening the resistance to oxidation of
geotextiles and geotextile-related products in service up to 25 years. In order to achieve the sufficiently short
exposure times needed for screening tests, it is necessary to accelerate the oxidative degradation process.
This acceleration can be achieved either by raising the temperature or by increasing the concentration of the
active reaction partner. Raising the temperature may lead to the oxidation rate being limited by oxygen
diffusion, thus invalidating the acceleration. This applies particularly to materials with a low surface-to-volume
ratio and less to nonwovens made from fine fibres. Two methods are therefore proposed.
Methods A1, A2, B1 and B2 use temperature alone as the accelerating factor.
Methods C1 and C2 operate at moderately high temperatures and at the same time the oxygen concentration
is increased by using pure oxygen at high pressure.
Each test may be performed at a shorter duration for non-reinforcing materials (A1, B1, C1) or for a longer
duration for reinforcing materials (A2, B2, C2).
NOTE This International Standard should be used with reference to ISO/TR 13434. For further information see
Annex A.
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13438:2004(E)
Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Screening test
method for determining the resistance to oxidation
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a screening test method for determining the resistance of geotextiles and
geotextile-related products to oxidation. The test is applicable to polypropylene- and polyethylene-based
products.
The data are suitable for screening purposes but not for deriving performance data such as lifetime unless
supported by further evidence.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 188:1998, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
EN 12226, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — General tests for evaluation following durability
testing
3 Methods A1, A2, B1 and B2
3.1 Principle
Test specimens are exposed to an elevated temperature in air over a fixed time period, using a regulated
laboratory oven without forced air circulation.
Oven ageing on polypropylene shall be carried out at a temperature of (110 ± 1) °C (Methods A1 and A2).
Oven ageing of polyethylene shall be carried out at a temperature of (100 ± 1) °C (Methods B1 and B2).
The test specimens shall hang freely in the oven space.
After the fixed time period of oven ageing, the exposed test specimens are submitted to a tensile test. The
tensile strength and the strain at maximum load are measured for both the control specimens and the
exposed specimens. The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with EN 12226. For woven fabrics
both the machine and cross direction shall be tested, unless otherwise agreed.
© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
ISO 13438:2004(E)
3.2 Specimens
Products shall have been manufactured at least 24 h prior to testing. The number of specimens shall be five
test specimens and five control specimens, unless further specimens are required to assure statistical
significance.
The specimens to be tested shall be in accordance with EN 12226.
NOTE It is recommended to expose additional specimens in case an extra mechanical test is required.
3.3 Apparatus
For the tests, a thermostatically regulated oven without forced air circulation, in accordance with 3.2.2 of
ISO 188:1998, is required, with an internal volume of sufficient size, capable of exposing test specimens to a
temperature of (110 ± 1) °C or (100 ± 1) °C.
The oven without forced air circulation shall be provided with a ventilation opening which shall be adjusted
such that the set temperature can be maintained in that part of the oven in which the specimens are to be
suspended.
The specimens shall be suspended from glass or other chemically inert fixtures in the centre of the oven,
spaced and not touching; the distance from each wall being at least 100 mm.
The temperature around the specimens shall be recorded, for instance, with the aid of suitable calibrated
thermocouples and a data logger.
3.4 Conditioning
Conditioning of the specimens before exposure in the laboratory oven is not required. Because of the possible
occurrence of shrinkage during the oven test, the control specimens shall be exposed for 6 h, to the same
conditions as in the oven test.
3.5 Test procedure
3.5.1 Oven temperature
Set the oven temperature at (110 ± 1) °C or (100 ± 1) °C in accordance with the chosen method (A1, A2, B1
or B2).
3.5.2 Specimens
Attach the specimens to the fixtures. Once the temperature has reached a steady value, place the specimens
in the oven. Suspend the specimens in the centre of the oven, spaced, not touching each other, and so that
the distance from each wall is at least 100 mm.
3.5.3 Duration of the oven test
Geotextile specimens for reinforcing applications, or for other applications where long-term strength is a
significant parameter, shall be exposed to the durations shown in Table 1.
2 © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13438:2005
ISO 13438:2004(E)
Table 1 — Temperatures and durations
Method Material Application of material Temperature Duration
A1 polypropylene non-reinforcing 110 ºC 14 days
A2 polypropylene reinforcing 110 ºC 28 days
B1 polyethylene non-reinforcing 100 ºC 28 days
B2 polyethylene reinforcing 100 ºC 56 days
The control specimens shall be exposed to the same oven temperature for (6 ± 1) h and then removed and
stored.
NOTE Practical experience has shown that, to achieve good reproducibility, the following should be taken into
account:
a) the specimens should be placed in the middle of the oven;
b) draughts near the oven should be avoided if a rep
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