SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
(Main)Fire hazard testing - Part 8-2: Heat release - Summary and relevance of test methods (IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
Fire hazard testing - Part 8-2: Heat release - Summary and relevance of test methods (IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
This part of IEC 60695-8 presents a summary of published test methods that are relevant to
the determination of the heat released in fire tests on electrotechnical products or materials
from which they are formed. It represents the current state of the art of the test methods and,
where available, includes special observations on their relevance and use.
The list of test methods is not to be considered exhaustive, and test methods that were not
developed by the IEC are not to be considered as endorsed by the IEC unless this is
specifically stated.
Heat release data can be used as part of fire hazard assessment and in fire safety
engineering, as discussed in IEC 60695-1-10, IEC 60695-1-11 [39] 1 and IEC 60695-1-12 [40].
This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical Committees in the
preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and
lSO/lEC Guide 51. It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test
methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically
referred to or included in the relevant publications.
Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr - Teil 8-2: Wärmefreisetzung - Zusammenfassung und Anwendbarkeit von Prüfverfahren
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu -- Partie 8-2: Dégagement de chaleur - Résumé et pertinence des méthodes d'essais (IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
L'IEC 60695-8-2:2016 présente un résumé des méthodes d'essai publiées pertinentes pour la détermination du dégagement de chaleur dans les essais au feu réalisés sur les produits électrotechniques ou les matériaux à partir desquels ils sont constitués. Elle représente l'état actuel de la technique des méthodes d'essai et, le cas échéant, comprend des observations particulières portant sur leur pertinence et utilisation. La liste des méthodes d'essai ne doit pas être considérée comme étant exhaustive, et les méthodes d'essai non élaborées par l'IEC ne doivent pas être considérées comme entérinées par ce dernier sauf indication spécifique.
Les données de dégagement de chaleur peuvent être utilisées comme partie intégrante de l'évaluation du danger d'incendie et pour l'ingénierie de la sécurité incendie, comme indiqué dans l'IEC 60695-1-10, l'IEC 60695-1-11 et l'IEC 60695-1-12. Cette Norme internationale doit être utilisée conjointement avec l'IEC 60695-8-1.
Elle a le statut de norme horizontale conformément au <>
href='https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/7516'>IEC Guide 104 et dans le Guide ISO/IEC 51.
Mots-clés: danger d'incendie, dégagement de chaleur, l'ingénierie de la sécurité incendie, méthodes d'essai
Preskušanje požarne ogroženosti - 8-2. del: Oddajanje toplote - Pregled in primernost preskusnih metod (IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
Ta del standarda IEC 60695-8 predstavlja pregled objavljenih preskusnih metod, ki se uporabljajo za določevanje sproščene toplote pri požarnih preskusih elektrotehničnih izdelkov ali materialov, iz katerih so izdelani. Predstavlja trenutno najbolj izpopolnjene preskusne metode in vsebuje dodatna opažanja glede njihove primernosti in uporabe, če so na voljo.
Seznam preskusnih metod ni popoln in preskusnih metod, ki jih ni razvil IEC, slednji ne podpira, razen če je navedeno drugače.
Podatki o oddani toploti se lahko uporabljajo za oceno nevarnosti požara in v inženiringu požarne varnosti, kot je obravnavano v standardih IEC 60695-1-10, IEC 60695-1-11 [39] 1 in IEC 60695-1-12 [40].
Ta osnovna varnostna publikacija je namenjena predvsem tehničnim odborom za pripravo standardov v skladu z načeli vodil IEC 104 in ISO/IEC 51. Ni namenjena proizvajalcem ali certifikacijskim organom.
Ena od pristojnosti tehničnih odborov je, da med pripravo publikacij uporabljajo osnovne varnostne publikacije, kadar je to primerno. Zahteve, preskusne metode ali preskusni pogoji iz te osnovne varnostne publikacije se ne uporabljajo, razen če so izrecno navedeni ali zajeti v ustreznih publikacijah.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
01-maj-2017
Preskušanje požarne ogroženosti - 8-2. del: Oddajanje toplote - Pregled in
primernost preskusnih metod (IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
Fire hazard testing - Part 8-2: Heat release - Summary and relevance of test methods
(IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu -- Partie 8-2: Dégagement de chaleur - Résumé et
pertinence des méthodes d'essais (IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60695-8-2:2017
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60695-8-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2017
ICS 13.220.40; 29.020
English Version
Fire hazard testing - Part 8-2: Heat release -
Summary and relevance of test methods
(IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu - Partie 8-2: Dégagement Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr -
de chaleur - Résumé et pertinence des méthodes d'essais Teil 8-2: Wärmefreisetzung - Zusammenfassung und
(IEC 60695-8-2:2016) Anwendbarkeit von Prüfverfahren
(IEC 60695-8-2:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2016-12-21. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 60695-8-2:2017 E
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
EN 60695-8-2:2017
European foreword
The text of document 89/1343/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60695-8-2, prepared by IEC/TC 89 "Fire
hazard testing" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 60695-8-2:2017.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2017-09-21
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2019-12-21
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with
the document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60695-8-2:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
ISO 1716:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 1716:2010 (not modified).
ISO 1182 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 1182.
IEC 60332-3-10 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60332-3-10.
IEC 60695-1-11 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60695-1-11.
2
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
EN 60695-8-2:2017
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is
available here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60695-1-10 - Fire hazard testing - Part 1-10: EN 60695-1-10 -
Guidance for assessing the fire hazard
of electrotechnical products - General
guidelines
IEC 60695-4 2012 Fire hazard testing - Part 4: Terminology EN 60695-4 2012
concerning fire tests for electrotechnical
products
IEC 60695-8-1 - Fire hazard testing - Part 8-1: Heat EN 60695-8-1 -
release - General guidance
IEC Guide 104 - The preparation of safety publications - -
and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51 - Safety aspects - Guidelines for their - -
inclusion in standards
ISO 13943 2008 Fire safety - Vocabulary EN ISO 13943 2010
3
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
IEC 60695-8-2
®
Edition 1.0 2016-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Fire hazard testing –
Part 8-2: Heat release – Summary and relevance of test methods
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –
Partie 8-2: Dégagement de chaleur – Résumé et pertinence des méthodes
d’essais
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-3750-2
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
– 2 – IEC 60695-8-2:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Summary of test methods . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Measurement of complete combustion . 11
4.2.1 The bomb calorimeter . 11
4.2.2 Purpose and principle . 11
4.2.3 Test specimen . 11
4.2.4 Test procedure . 11
4.2.5 Repeatability and reproducibility . 12
4.2.6 Relevance of test data . 12
4.3 Measurements of incomplete combustion . 12
4.3.1 Cone calorimeter . 12
4.3.2 Microscale calorimetry . 13
4.3.3 The Ohio State University calorimeter . 14
4.3.4 Fire propagation apparatus (ISO 12136) . 15
4.3.5 Single Burning Item (SBI) test . 16
4.3.6 Vertical cable ladder tests . 17
4.3.7 Horizontal cable ladder test . 20
4.3.8 Open calorimetry fire tests . 22
5 Overview of test methods . 22
Bibliography . 24
Table 1 – Summary and comparison of vertical cable ladder tests . 20
Table 2 – Overview of heat release test methods . 22
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IEC 60695-8-2:2016 © IEC 2016 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 8-2: Heat release –
Summary and relevance of test methods
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60695-8-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89: Fire
hazard testing.
This first edition cancels and replaces IEC TR 60695-8-2 published in 2008. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
89/1343/FDIS 89/1349/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
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It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 60695 series, under the general title Fire hazard testing, can
be found on the IEC website.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-8-1.
IEC 60695-8 consists of the following parts:
• Part 8-1: Heat release – General guidance
• Part 8-2: Heat release – Summary and relevance of test methods
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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IEC 60695-8-2:2016 © IEC 2016 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
In the design of an electrotechnical product, the risk of fire and the potential hazards
associated with fire need to be considered. In this respect the objective of component, circuit
and equipment design, as well as the choice of materials, is to reduce the risk of fire to a
tolerable level even in the event of reasonably foreseeable (mis)use, malfunction or failure.
IEC 60695-1-10, IEC 60695-1-11, and IEC 60695-1-12 provide guidance on how this is to be
accomplished.
Fires involving electrotechnical products can also be initiated from external non-electrical
sources. Considerations of this nature are dealt with in an overall fire hazard assessment.
The aim of the IEC 60695 series of standards is to save lives and property by reducing the
number of fires or reducing the consequences of the fire. This can be accomplished by:
• trying to prevent ignition caused by an electrically energised component part and, in the
event of ignition, to confine any resulting fire within the bounds of the enclosure of the
electrotechnical product;
• trying to minimise flame spread beyond the product’s enclosure and to minimise the
harmful effects of fire effluents including heat, smoke, and toxic or corrosive combustion
products.
Fires are responsible for creating hazards to life and property as a result of the generation of
heat (thermal hazard), toxic and/or corrosive compounds and obscuration of vision due to
smoke. The severity of a fire increases as the heat released increases, possibly leading to a
flashover fire.
One of the most important measurements in fire testing is the measurement of heat release
and it is used as an important factor in the determination of fire hazard; it is also used as one
of the parameters in fire safety engineering calculations.
The measurement and use of heat release data, together with other fire test data, can be
used to reduce the likelihood of (or the effects of) fire, even in the event of foreseeable
abnormal use, malfunction or failure of electrotechnical products.
When a material is heated by some external source, fire effluent can be generated and can
form a mixture with air that can ignite and initiate a fire. The heat released in the process is
carried away by the fire effluent-air mixture, radiatively lost or transferred back to the solid
material, to generate further pyrolysis products, thus continuing the process.
Heat may also be transferred to other nearby products, which may burn, and then release
additional heat and fire effluent.
The rate at which thermal energy is released in a fire is defined as the heat release rate. Heat
release rate is important because of its influence on flame spread and on the initiation of
secondary fires. Other characteristics are also important, such as ignitability, flame spread
and other side effects of the fire (see the IEC 60695 series of standards).
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FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 8-2: Heat release –
Summary and relevance of test methods
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60695-8 presents a summary of published test methods that are relevant to
the determination of the heat released in fire tests on electrotechnical products or materials
from which they are formed. It represents the current state of the art of the test methods and,
where available, includes special observations on their relevance and use.
The list of test methods is not to be considered exhaustive, and test methods that were not
developed by the IEC are not to be considered as endorsed by the IEC unless this is
specifically stated.
Heat release data can be used as part of fire hazard assessment and in fire safety
1
engineering, as discussed in IEC 60695-1-10, IEC 60695-1-11 [39] and IEC 60695-1-12 [40].
This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical Committees in the
preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and
lSO/lEC Guide 51. It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test
methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically
referred to or included in the relevant publications.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60695-1-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 1-10: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products – General guidelines
IEC 60695-4:2012, Fire hazard testing – Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests for
electrotechnical products
IEC 60695-8-1, Fire hazard testing – Part 8-1: Heat release – General guidance
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
ISO 13943:2008, Fire safety – Vocabulary
____________
1
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60695-4:2012 and
ISO 13943:2008 (some of which are reproduced below), as well as the following, apply.
3.1
combustion
exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidizing agent
Note 1 to entry: Combustion generally emits fire effluent accompanied by flames and/or glowing.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.46]
3.2
combustion product
product of combustion
solid, liquid and gaseous material resulting from combustion
Note 1 to entry: Combustion products can include fire effluent, ash, char, clinker and/or soot.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.48]
3.3
complete combustion
combustion in which all the combustion products are fully oxidized
Note 1 to entry: This means that, when the oxidizing agent is oxygen, all carbon is converted to carbon dioxide
and all hydrogen is converted to water.
Note 2 to entry: If elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are present in the combustible material,
those elements are converted to the most stable products in their standard states at 298 K.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.50]
3.4
effective heat of combustion
heat released from a burning test specimen in a given time interval divided by the mass lost
from the test specimen in the same time period
Note 1 to entry: It is the same as the net heat of combustion if all the test specimen is converted to volatile
combustion products and if all the combustion products are fully oxidized.
−1
Note 2 to entry: The typical units are kilojoules per gram (kJ⋅g ).
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.74]
3.5
fire
〈general〉 process of combustion characterized by the emission of heat and fire effluent and
usually accompanied by smoke, flame, glowing or a combination thereof
Note 1 to entry: In the English language the term “fire” is used to designate three concepts, two of which, fire (3.6)
and fire (3.7), relate to specific types of self-supporting combustion with different meanings and two of them are
designated using two different terms in both French and German.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.96]
3.6
fire
〈controlled〉 self-supporting combustion that has been deliberately arranged to provide useful
effects and is limited in its extent in time and space
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[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.97]
3.7
fire
〈uncontrolled〉 self-supporting combustion that has not been deliberately arranged to provide
useful effects and is not limited in its extent in time and space
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.98]
3.8
fire effluent
totality of gases and aerosols, including suspended particles, created by combustion or
pyrolysis in a fire
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.105]
3.9
fire hazard
physical object or condition with a potential for an undesirable consequence from fire (3.7)
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.112]
3.10
fire-safety engineering
application of engineering methods based on scientific principles to the development or
assessment of designs in the built environment through the analysis of specific fire scenarios
or through the quantification of risk for a group of fire scenarios
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.126]
3.11
fire test
test that measures behaviour of a fire or exposes an item to the effects of a fire
Note 1 to entry: The results of a fire test can be used to quantify fire severity or determine the fire resistance or
reaction to fire of the test specimen.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.132]
3.12
flashover
〈stage of fire〉 transition to a state of total surface involvement in a fire of combustible
materials within an enclosure
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.156]
3.13
gross heat of combustion
heat of combustion of a substance when the combustion is complete and any produced water
is entirely condensed under specified conditions
cf. complete combustion (3.3)
−1
Note 1 to entry: The typical units are kilojoules per gram (kJ⋅g ).
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.170]
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3.14
heat of combustion
DEPRECATED: calorific potential
DEPRECATED: calorific value
thermal energy produced by combustion of unit mass of a given substance
cf. effective heat of combustion (3.4), gross heat of combustion (3.13) and net heat of
combustion (3.19).
−1
Note 1 to entry: The typical units are kilojoules per gram (kJ⋅g ).
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.174]
3.15
heat release
thermal energy produced by combustion
Note 1 to entry: The typical units are joules (J).
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.176]
3.16
heat release rate
DEPRECATED: burning rate
DEPRECATED: rate of burning
rate of thermal energy production generated by combustion
Note 1 to entry: The typical units are watts (W).
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.177]
3.17
intermediate-scale fire test
fire test performed on a test specimen of medium dimensions
Note 1 to entry: A fire test performed on a test specimen for which the maximum dimension is between 1 m and
3 m is usually called an intermediate-scale fire test.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.200]
3.18
large-scale fire test
fire test, that cannot be carried out in a typical laboratory chamber, performed on a test
specimen of large dimensions
Note 1 to entry: A fire test performed on a test specimen of which the maximum dimension is greater than 3 m is
usually called a large-scale fire test.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.205]
3.19
net heat of combustion
heat of combustion when any water produced is considered to be in the gaseous state
Note 1 to entry: The net heat of combustion is always smaller than the gross heat of combustion because the
heat released by the condensation of the water vapour is not included.
−1
Note 2 to entry: The typical units are kilojoules per gram (kJ⋅g ).
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.237]
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3.20
oxidation
chemical reaction in which the proportion of oxygen or other electronegative element in a
substance is increased
Note 1 to entry: In chemistry, the term has the broader meaning of a process that involves the loss of an electron
or electrons from an atom, molecule or ion.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.245]
3.21
oxidizing agent
substance capable of causing oxidation
Note 1 to entry: Combustion is an oxidation.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.246]
3.22
oxygen consumption principle
proportional relationship between the mass of oxygen consumed during combustion and the
heat released
−1
Note 1 to entry: A value of 13,1 kJ⋅g is commonly used.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.247]
3.23
pyrolysis
chemical decomposition of a substance by the action of heat
Note 1 to entry: Pyrolysis is often used to refer to a stage of fire before flaming combustion has begun.
Note 2 to entry: In fire science, no assumption is made about the presence or absence of oxygen.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.266]
3.24
small-scale fire test
fire test performed on a test specimen of small dimensions
Note 1 to entry: A fire test performed on a test specimen of which the maximum dimension is less than 1 m is
usually called a small-scale fire test.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.292]
3.25
test specimen
item subjected to a procedure of assessment or measurement
Note 1 to entry: In a fire test (3.11), the item may be a material, product, component, element of construction, or
any combination of these. It may also be a sensor that is used to simulate the behaviour of a product.
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.321]
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SIST EN 60695-8-2:2017
IEC 60695-8-2:2016 © IEC 2016 – 11 –
4 Summary of test methods
4.1 General
This summary does not replace published standards, which are the only valid reference
documents.
In cases where fire tests are not yet specified, and need to be developed or altered for the
special purpose of an IEC technical committee, this shall be done in liaison with the relevant
IEC technical committee, as mandated by IEC Guide 104. The test method(s) selected shall
be relevant to the fire scenario of concern. Guidance on the selection and relevance of fire
tests for electrotechnical products is given in IEC 60695-1-10.
General guidance on heat release tests for electrotechnical products is given in
IEC 60695-8-1.
4.2 Measurement of complete combustion
4.2.1 The bomb calorimeter
See ISO 1716 [1].
4.2.2 Purpose and principle
The purpose of the method is to measure the gross heat of combustion at constant volume. A
test specimen of specified mass is burned under standardized conditions, at constant volume,
in an atmosphere of oxyge
...
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