SIST EN 12013:2000+A1:2008
(Main)Plastics and rubber machines - Internal mixers - Safety requirements
Plastics and rubber machines - Internal mixers - Safety requirements
This standard applies to internal mixers for rubber and plastics as defined in 3.1. The safety requirements and/or measures specified in this standard apply to all internal mixers irrespective of their size and irrespective of the control modes of the hopper front door and discharge door.
The safety requirements for the design of exhaust systems and ancillary equipment are not covered by this standard.
The safety requirements for the interaction between internal mixers and ancillary equipment are specified.
This standard covers the significant hazards listed in Clause 4.
This standard is not applicable to internal mixers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
Kunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Innenmischer - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Mélangeurs internes - Prescriptions de sécurité
La présente norme s'applique aux mélangeurs internes utilisés pour le caoutchouc et les matières plastiques qui sont
définis en 3.1. Les exigences et/ou mesures de sécurité spécifiées dans la présente norme s'appliquent à tous les
mélangeurs internes quels que soient leur taille et le mode de commande des portes de chargement et de
déchargement.
Les prescriptions de sécurité relatives à la conception des systèmes d'aspiration et des équipements auxiliaires ne
sont pas spécifiées dans la présente norme.
Les prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux interactions entre les mélangeurs internes et leurs équipements auxiliaires
sont spécifiées.
La présente norme couvre les phénomènes dangereux significatifs décrits à l’article 4.
La présente norme ne s'applique pas aux mélangeurs internes fabriqués avant la date de publication de la présente
norme par le CEN.
Stroji za predelavo gume in plastike - Notranji mešalniki - Varnostne zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 12013:2000+A1:2008
01-november-2008
Stroji za predelavo gume in plastike - Notranji mešalniki - Varnostne zahteve
Plastics and rubber machines - Internal mixers - Safety requirements
Kunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Innenmischer - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Mélangeurs internes -
Prescriptions de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12013:2000+A1:2008
ICS:
83.200 Oprema za gumarsko Equipment for the rubber and
industrijo in industrijo plastics industries
polimernih materialov
SIST EN 12013:2000+A1:2008 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 12013:2000+A1:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 12013:2000+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2008
ICS 83.200 Supersedes EN 12013:2000
English Version
Plastics and rubber machines - Internal mixers - Safety
requirements
Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Kunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Innenmischer -
Mélangeurs internes - Prescriptions de sécurité Sicherheitsanforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 8 June 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12013:2000+A1:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Definitions .6
4 List of hazards.8
5 Safety requirements and/or measures .20
6 Verification of safety requirements and/or measures.31
7 Information for use .33
Annex A (informative) Examples of possible technical measures to prevent fire hazards in the
case where certain exothermically reacting compounds cannot be released from the
mixing chamber in the event of a power failure .36
Annex ZA (informative) !!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"".37
""
Annex ZB (informative) !!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"".38
""
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Foreword
This document (EN 12013:2000+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 145 "Plastics
and rubber machines", the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by
endorsement, at the latest by February 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by December 2009.
This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-06-08. The main changes compared to the
previous version are:
Modification of the main element of the title.
Editorial modification of Annex ZA.
Addition of Annex ZB.
Editorial changes of EN 292-1:1991 to EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and of EN 292-2:1991 to EN ISO 12100-
2:2003 in the following clauses: Introduction, 2, 5, 5.1.8, 5.4, Table 1, 7.1.
Minor changes in clause: Foreword, 7th paragraph and in sub-clauses: 7.1.4, third indent; 7.2, second
and third indents.
This document supersedes EN 12013:2000.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ".
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
!For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document."
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This European standard is a type C Standard as defined in !EN ISO 12100" and has been elaborated by
CEN/TC 145/WG7.
The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition, machinery
shall comply as appropriate with !EN ISO 12100" for hazards which are not covered by this standard.
1 Scope
This standard applies to internal mixers for rubber and plastics as defined in 3.1. The safety requirements
and/or measures specified in this standard apply to all internal mixers irrespective of their size and irrespective
of the control modes of the hopper front door and discharge door.
The safety requirements for the design of exhaust systems and ancillary equipment are not covered by this
standard.
The safety requirements for the interaction between internal mixers and ancillary equipment are specified.
This standard covers the significant hazards listed in Clause 4.
This standard is not applicable to internal mixers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this
standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
This European standard incorporates provisions from other publications by dated or undated references.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
below. For dated references, subsequent amendments or revisions of these publications apply to the
European standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
!deleted text"
EN 294:1992, Safety of Machinery- Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper
limbs
EN 418:1992, Safety of Machinery - Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects - Principles for design
EN 563, Safety of Machinery - Temperatures of touchable surfaces - Ergonomics data to establish
temperature limit values for hot surfaces
EN 574:1996, Safety of Machinery - Two-hand control devices - Functional aspects - Principles for design
EN 811, Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs
EN 953:1997, Safety of Machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and moveable guards
EN 954-1:1996, Safety of Machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for
design
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EN 982, Safety of Machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components - Hydraulics
EN 983, Safety of Machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components -
Pneumatics
EN 999, Safety of Machinery - The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts
of the human body
EN 1037, Safety of Machinery - Prevention of unexpected start-up
EN 1088:1995, Safety of Machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and
selection
EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection - Part 1: Basic concepts and
methodology
EN 60079-14, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations in
hazardous areas (other than mines) (IEC 60079-14:1996)
EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of Machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:1997)
prEN 60204-11:1998, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 11: General requirements
for voltages above 1000 Va.c. or 1500 Vd.c and not exceeding 36 kV
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61310-1, Safety of Machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1: Requirements for visual,
auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:1995)
EN ISO 4871, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment
(ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 11202, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment – Measurement of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions - Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995)
EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment -
Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
!EN ISO 11688-2, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment - Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR 11688-2:1998)"
!EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical
principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)"
!EN ISO 14122-1, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 1: Choice of fixed
means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001)
EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 2: Working platforms
and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001)
EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 3: Stairs, stepladders
and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001)
EN ISO 14122-4, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 4: Fixed ladders (ISO
14122-4:2004)"
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CENELEC Report R-044-001, Safety of Machinery - Guidance and recommendations for the avoidance of
hazards due to static electricity
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply:
3.1
internal mixer
A mixing machine for the discontinuous production of rubber or plastic compounds. Its main parts are (Figure
1):
two counter rotating horizontal rotors (a) within a mixing chamber (b);
a feed hopper (c) with several openings:-
at the feed side, a feed opening equipped with a door (hopper front door) (d);
at the side opposite to the feed side, an inspection/access opening (hopper rear opening) equipped
with a fixed or moveable guard (hopper rear door) (e);
possible additional feed openings for connection to feeding ducts (f);
a floating weight which applies pressure to the materials to be mixed (g);
a drop type or sliding type discharge door (h).
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Figure 1 — Principal parts of an internal mixer
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3.2
ancillary equipment
Equipment which interacts with the internal mixer. For the purposes of this standard this includes upstream
and downstream equipment. Examples: belt conveyors, bin tippers, powder or liquid feeding systems, two-roll
mills, extruders.
3.3
major cleaning
a cleaning operation which requires suspension of production, the mixer to be emptied and access to the
mixing chamber
4 List of hazards
4.1 Mechanical hazards
The significant mechanical hazards which are specifically associated with internal mixers are described in
4.1.1 to 4.1.6; the significant mechanical hazards which are not specifically associated with internal mixers are
described in 4.1.7 and 4.1.8. The mechanical hazards associated with major cleaning, maintenance and repair
operations are included in 4.8.
4.1.1 Hazards in the loading area (Figure 2)
4.1.1.1 Hazards due to power operated movement of the hopper front door, automatically or manually
controlled
a) Closing movement
Hazards of shearing and/or crushing between the door and the edges of the feed opening (location a). See
also 4.1.3 c).
b) Opening movement
Hazards of crushing between the hopper front door and fixed parts, particularly its stops (location b).
4.1.1.2 Hazards through the feed opening
a) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing due to movement of the floating weight
between the floating weight and the fixed bridge member or upper edge of the feed opening on the
upstroke of the floating weight (location c);
between the floating weight and the lower edge of the feed opening on the downstroke of the floating
weight (location d).
b) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors, or between the rotors and the walls of
the mixing chamber (location e) in the case of:
reaching through the opening;
falling through the opening.
c) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors
(location f).
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4.1.1.3 Hazard of entanglement with strip-fed material (location g)
4.1.2 Hazards through the additional feed openings (Figure 2)
a) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the floating weight and the edges of these
openings (location h);
b) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors or between the rotors and the walls of
the mixing chamber (location i);
c) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors
(location j).
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Figure 2 — Locations of the mechanical hazards in the loading area and at the additional feed
openings
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4.1.3 Hazards through the hopper rear opening (Figure 3)
a) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing due to movement of the floating weight
between the floating weight and the fixed bridge member or upper edge of the hopper rear opening
on the upstroke of the floating weight (location a);
between the floating weight and the lower edge of the hopper rear opening on the downstroke of the
floating weight (location b).
b) Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors or between the rotors and the walls of
the mixing chamber (location c);
c) Hazards of shearing and/or crushing between the power operated hopper front door and the edges of the
feed opening when the hopper front door is closing (location d);
d) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors
(location e).
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Figure 3 — Locations of the mechanical hazards at the hopper rear opening
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4.1.4 Hazards at the discharge zone (Figures 4 and 5)
Where discharge occurs by opening (tilting) parts of the mixing chamber itself, such movable parts of the
mixing chamber are considered as drop type doors (Figure 5).
a) Hazards due to movement of the power operated discharge door and its mechanisms 0
Closing movement
1) Hazards of shearing and/or crushing between the door and the edges of the discharge
opening with a drop type door (Figures 4a and 5 locations a) or with a sliding door (Figures
4b and 4c, locations a);
2) Hazard of crushing between the door and the latch of the locking mechanism for a drop type
door (Figure 4a location b).
Closing and opening movement
1) Hazards of impact, shearing and/or crushing by the sliding mechanism for a sliding door
(Figure 4c location b);
2) Hazard of impact by the door for a drop type door (Figure 4a location d, Figure 5 location b);
3) Hazard of crushing between the door and fixed parts of the machine for a drop type door
(Figure 4a location e, Figure 5 location d).
Opening movement
Hazards of crushing and/or stabbing by the position indicator rods of the locking latch mechanism
for a drop type door (Figure 4a location f).
b) Hazards through the discharge opening
Hazards of severing, shearing and/or crushing between the rotors or between the rotors and the
walls of the mixing chamber/edges of the discharge opening (Figure 4a location g, and Figure 5
location e)
Hazards of crushing between the floating weight and the rotors at rest in the case of a downstroking
movement of the floating weight (Figure 4a location h and Figure 5 location c)
Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin in the case of splashing of process oil from the fluid injectors
(Figure 4a, location i)
Hazards of impact and/or crushing by the falling product or materials (Figure 4a location j and Figure
4b location c).
According to the dimensions and installation of the internal mixer, the hazards listed in a) and b) above can be
distributed into two different zones (Figure 4a):
4.1.4.1 Zone A
The zone located between the horizontal level corresponding with the bottom of the floating weight in its
lowest position and the platform giving access to the discharge door mechanisms. All hazards listed in a) and
b) above exist in Zone A.
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4.1.4.2 Zone B
The zone located between the access platform and the level onto which the mixed product falls; Zone B exists
only if H1 ≥ 2500mm. Hazards listed in b), 3rd and 4th indents, exist in Zone B.
Where Zone A and Zone B form a single zone, that single zone is considered similar to Zone A.
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Figure 4b - Hazards specifically
associated with a sliding
discharge door
Figure 4a - Internal mixer with Figure 4c - Sliding
drop type discharge door discharge door
(view P)
Figure 4 — Locations of mechanical hazards in the discharge zone
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Figure 5 — Locations of the mechanical hazards in the discharge zone (discharge by opening parts of
the mixing chamber)
4.1.5 Hazards due to movement of the floating weight actuators and the moving parts connected to them
when such actuators are installed outside the feed hopper (Figure 6).
Hazards of drawing-in, shearing and/or crushing between the moving parts of the actuators and fixed parts of
the machine (location a).
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Figure 6
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4.1.6 Hazards due to movement of the position indicator rods and floating weight cooling pipes (Figure 3)
Hazards of stabbing, puncture and/or drawing-in (location f).
4.1.7 Hazards due to movement of machine actuators and parts of the drive and transmission system
Hazards of impact and/or drawing-in (Figure 7 location b) and/or crushing (Figure 7 locations a and c, Figure 2
location k, Figure 4a location c and Figure 5 location f).
Figure 7
4.1.8 Hazards due to the hose assemblies of the hydraulic/pneumatic/heating and cooling systems
a) Hazards of injury to the eyes or skin due to unexpected release of pressurised fluid;
b) Hazard of impact due to whiplash of flexible hoses in the case of hose rupture or disconnection.
4.2 Electrical hazards
Electric shock or burns due to direct or indirect contact with live parts;
Electric shock due to build up of electrostatic charge;
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Hazards arising from faults in electrical equipment (eg. short circuit).
4.3 Thermal hazards
Hazards causing burns and/or scalds due to high operating temperatures of:-
process oils;
compound;
machine parts.
4.4 Hazards generated by noise
Permanent loss of hearing acuteness;
Tinnitus;
Tiredness, stress, etc.;
Other effects such as loss of balance, loss of awareness, etc.;
Interference with speech communications, acoustic signals, etc.
4.5 Hazards resulting from substances hazardous to health
Contact with and/or inhalation of hazardous substances which may be released from the materials processed.
Potential hazards exist:
at the hopper openings;
at the rotor dust seals;
at the discharge opening;
from process oils.
4.6 Fire hazards
Potential hazards arise from:
excessive temperature of the compound due to over mixing or due to unprogrammed stopping of the
mixing action with exothermically reacting compounds;
exothermically reacting compounds that cannot be released from the mixing chamber in the event of a
power failure;
static electric discharge.
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4.7 Slip, trip and fall hazards
4.7.1 Slipping due to leakage from dust seals
4.7.2 Slipping, tripping and falling from permanent means of access
4.8 Hazards during major cleaning (see 3.3), maintenance and repair
All mechanical hazards listed in 4.1, except 4.1.1.3;
The hazards listed in 4.3 and 4.5;
Additional hazards associated with whole body access to the mixing chamber (unexpected start up,
release of stored energy, slipping or falling).
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
The safety devices specified in this clause correspond with the definitions in the following standards:
fixed guards: see 3.2 of EN 953:1997;
interlocking guards: see 3.2 of EN 1088:1995;
interlocking guards with guard locking: see 3.3 of EN 1088:1995;
hold-to-run control devices: see !3.26.3 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003";
two-hand control devices: see 3.1 of EN 574:1996.
The safety requirements and/or measures specified in the following subclauses in regard to each identified
hazard shall in combination provide protection for all the hazards in the relevant area.
Safety related parts of the control system shall be in accordance with category 1 of EN 954-1:1996 unless
otherwise specified.
5.1 Mechanical hazards
5.1.1 Hazards in the loading area
5.1.1.1 Hazards due to power operated movement of the hopper front door, automatically or manually
controlled
a) Closing movement
Reaching the danger zones shall be prevented by one or more of the following:
Fixed guards positioned in accordance with Table 2 of EN 294:1992 and located not more than 180
mm from fixed or moving parts of the machine to make it impossible to stand between the guards
and those parts.
Upstream equipment (for instance an ancillary feeding device) may act as a fixed guard; however, if
it is movable, it shall comply with the requirements for interlocking guards specified in the second
indent of this subclause.
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Interlocking guards positioned in accordance with Table 1 of EN 294:1992 and located not more than
180 mm from fixed or moving parts of the machine. Opening of the guard shall stop movement of the
hopper front door. (Category 1 of EN 954-1:1996 for manually controlled hopper front doors; category
3 of EN 954-1:1996 for automatically controlled doors).
In the case of a manually controlled power operated hopper front door, a two-hand control device,
Type IIIA of EN 574:1996, or a hold-to-run control device positioned at least 2 m away from the
nearest crushing point. (See also 7.1.1a)). In either case, the manual controls shall be located so as
to allow a good view of the danger zone.
b) Opening movement
Reaching the danger zones shall be prevented by one or more of the following:
Fixed and/or interlocking guards according to 5.1.1.1 a), 1st and/or 2nd indents.
In the case of a manually controlled power operated hopper front door, a manual control device as
specified in 5.1.1.1 a), 3rd indent.
In the case of an automatically controlled power operated hopper front door, a presence sensing
device. This device when actuated shall prevent opening of the hopper front door. See also 5.1.1.2d).
5.1.1.2 Hazards through the feed opening
a) Movement of the floating weight
Reaching the danger zones through the feed opening shall be prevented by one of the following:
The hopper front door in the closed position. This door shall act as an interlocking guard. Movement
of the floating weight (including movement in the float condition) shall be prevented if the hopper front
door is open except:
1) downstroking or floating movement if the floating weight has already passed the lower edge
of the feed opening or upstroking movement if the floating weight has already passed the
upper edge of the feed opening;
2) any movement if it is controlled by means of a two-hand control device Type IIIA of EN 954-
1:1996 or a hold-to-run control device positioned at least 2m away from the nearest shearing
or crushing point. These devices shall be made operable only by means of a mode selector
switch. (See also 7.1.1a)).
The fixed and/or interlocking guards specified in 5.1.1.1 a). The interlocking guards shall be
interlocking guards with guard locking which prevent access until:
1) the hopper front door is closed (category 3 of EN 954-1:1996) or
2) the hopper front door is opened (category 3 of EN 954-1:1996) and the conditions specified
in 1) and 2) of the 1st indent of 5.1.1.2a) are achieved.
b) Movement of the rotors
Reaching the rotors through the feed opening and falling on to the rotors both need to be prevented.
i) Reaching the rotors through the feed opening shall be prevented by one or more of the
following:
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I) Safety distances according to Table 2 of EN 294:1992, the distances being measured with
reference to the nearest access point, or according to Table 4 of EN 294:1992 or according
to EN 811 for the lower limbs.
II) The fixed guards specified in 5.1.1.1 a), 1st indent. These guards may have openings to
allow the operator to use a tool if necessary to unclog the feed opening. These openings
shall be equipped with interlocking guards. The positioning of the fixed guards and the size
of any guard opening shall be such that the safety distances comply with Table 2 of EN
294:1992 with reference to the lower edge of the openings in the guards or with Table 4 of
EN 294:1992.
The interlocking guards shall be interlocking guards with guard locking which
...
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