SIST EN 15732:2013
(Main)Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)
Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)
This European Standard describes the product characteristics and includes procedures for testing, marking and labelling. This standard specifies the requirements for loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate (expanded clay LWA) products for Civil Engineering Applications excluding the use as thermal insulation in and under buildings which are covered by EN 14063-1. The standard covers the use of expanded clay LWA as lightweight fill and insulation materials in embankments for roads, railways and other trafficked areas and as lightweight backfill for structures. This standard does not specify the required level of a given property to be achieved by a product to demonstrate fitness for purpose in a particular application. The levels required for a given application are to be found in regulations or non-conflicting standards.
Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA)
Diese Norm beschreibt die Produkteigenschaften und die Verfahren zur Prüfung, Kennzeichnung und Etikettierung.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an Schüttdämmstoffe aus Blähton Leichtzuschlagstoffen (Blähton LWA) für bautechnische Zwecke fest. Ausgenommen sind Anwendungen als Wärmedämmung in und unter Gebäuden, die in der Europäischen Norm EN 14063 1 erfasst werden. In dieser vorliegenden Norm wird die Anwendung von Blähton Leichtzuschlagstoffen als leichte Schütt und Dämmstoffe an Straßendämmen, Schienenwegen und anderen befahrbaren Bereichen sowie ihre Anwendung als leichte Hinterfüllung für Bauwerke beschrieben.
Diese Norm legt keine Anforderungsstufen für eine bestimmte Eigenschaft fest, die ein Produkt erreichen muss, um für einen bestimmten Anwendungszweck gebrauchstauglich zu sein. Die erforderlichen Stufen sind den gesetzlichen Bestimmungen oder nicht entgegenstehenden Normen zu entnehmen.
Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d'argile expansée
La présente norme décrit les caractéristiques des produits et contient des modes opératoires d'essai, de marquage et d'étiquetage.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences concernant les produits en vrac à base de granulats légers d'argile expansée pour les applications en génie civil, à l'exclusion de l'utilisation comme isolant thermique dans et sous les bâtiments qui est traitée par la Norme européenne EN 14063-1. La norme traite de l'utilisation de granulats légers d'argile expansée comme matériau de remplissage léger et matériau isolant dans les remblais pour les chaussées, les voies ferrées et d'autres zones de circulation et comme remblai léger pour les structures.
La présente norme ne spécifie pas le niveau requis d'une propriété donnée devant être atteint par un produit pour en démontrer l'aptitude à l'emploi dans une application particulière. Les niveaux requis pour une application particulière figurent dans les réglementations ou dans des normes non contradictoires.
Toplotnoizolacijski in lahki polnilni proizvodi za inženirske objekte (CEA) - Proizvodi iz ekspandiranega glinenega agregatnega proizvoda (LWA)
Ta evropski standard opisuje lastnosti proizvodov ter zajema postopke za preskušanje, označevanje in etiketiranje. Ta standard določa zahteve za lahke polnilne proizvode iz ekspandiranega glinenega agregatnega (ekspandirana glina LWA) proizvoda za inženirske objekte, razen za uporabo z namenom toplotne izolacije in pod stavbami, ki so zajete v standardu EN 14063-1. Standard zajema uporabo ekspandirane gline LWA kot lahkega polnila in izolacijskega materiala v nasipih za ceste, železnice in druga prometna območja ter kot lahkega zasipa za zgradbe. Ta standard ne določa zahtevanih ravni določene lastnosti, ki jo mora proizvod doseči, da se dokaže njegova primernost namenu za posamezno vrsto uporabe. Zahtevane ravni za posamezno uporabo so določene v uredbah ali standardih, ki niso v nasprotju s tem standardom.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Toplotnoizolacijski in lahki polnilni proizvodi za inženirske objekte (CEA) - Proizvodi iz ekspandiranega glinenega agregatnega proizvoda (LWA)Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA)Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d'argile expanséeLight weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)91.100.60Thermal and sound insulating materialsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15732:2012SIST EN 15732:2013en,fr,de01-februar-2013SIST EN 15732:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15732:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15732
October 2012 ICS 91.100.60 English Version
Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)
Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d'argile expansée
Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 September 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15732:2012: ESIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms .63.1Terms and definitions .63.2Symbols, units and abbreviated terms .64Requirements .74.1General .74.2For all applications .74.3For specific applications .84.4Other requirements. 105Test methods . 105.1Sampling . 105.2Conditioning . 105.3Testing . 106Designation code . 117Evaluation of conformity . 127.1 General . 127.2 Initial type testing . 127.3 Factory production control . 128Marking and labelling . 12Annex A (normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA –Static Triaxial Compression Test for determination of shear strength properties . 13A.1General . 13A.2Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 13A.3Test principle . 14A.3.1Triaxial apparatus . 14A.3.2Loading device . 14A.3.3Confining pressure and vacuum-control device . 14A.3.4Displacement transducers . 15A.3.5Calibration . 15A.3.6Top cap and pedestal . 16A.3.7Porous discs . 16A.4Testing procedure. 18A.4.1Number of test specimens . 18A.4.2Procedures for compaction of laboratory test specimens . 18A.4.3Compaction using vibrations . 18A.4.4Other means of compaction . 18A.5Test report . 18Annex B (normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA — Determination of the resistance to cyclic compressive loading . 19B.1General . 19B.2Definitions . 19B.3Sampling . 19B.4Test method . 19B.4.1General . 19B.4.2Principle . 19B.4.3Equipment . 19SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 3 B.4.4Preparation of test specimens . 21B.4.5Test procedure . 21B.4.6Calculations . 23B.4.7Expression of the test results . 23B.5Report . 23Annex C (normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA — Determination of the compressive creep . 25C.1General . 25C.2Principles. 25C.3Equipment . 25C.4Preparation of test specimens . 27C.5Testing . 27C.5.1Test procedure . 27C.5.2Calculations . 28C.5.3Expression of results . 28C.6Report . 28Annex D (normative)
Factory production control. 30Annex E (informative)
Tabulated λλλλ10,dry-values of expanded clay LWA in lightweight fill applications . 31Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive . 32 SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15732:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 88 “Thermal insulating materials and products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is the harmonised part satisfying the mandate, the CPD and is the basis for the CE marking, covers the products which are placed on the market.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard describes the product characteristics and includes procedures for testing, marking and labelling. This standard specifies the requirements for loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate (expanded clay LWA) products for Civil Engineering Applications excluding the use as thermal insulation in and under buildings which are covered by EN 14063-1. The standard covers the use of expanded clay LWA as lightweight fill and insulation materials in embankments for roads, railways and other trafficked areas and as lightweight backfill for structures.
This standard does not specify the required level of a given property to be achieved by a product to demonstrate fitness for purpose in a particular application. The levels required for a given application are to be found in regulations or non-conflicting standards. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 1: Methods for sampling EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 2: Method for reducing laboratory samples EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution — Sieving method EN 1097-3, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids EN 1097-5, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 5: Determination of the water content by drying in a ventilated oven EN 1097-6:2000, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption EN 13055-1:2002, Lightweight aggregates — Part 1: Lightweight aggregates for concrete, mortar and grout EN 13055-2:2004, Lightweight aggregates — Part 2: Lightweight aggregates for bituminous mixtures and surface treatments and for unbound and bound applications EN 13172:2012, Thermal Insulation products — Evaluation of conformity EN 13286-4, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 4: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Vibrating hammer EN 13286-5, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 5: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Vibrating table EN 13286-7, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 7: Cyclic load triaxial test for unbound mixtures
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire test EN 13820, Thermal insulating materials for building applications — Determination of organic content SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 6 EN 14063-1, Thermal insulation products for buildings — In-situ formed expanded clay lightweight aggregate products — Part 1: Specification for the loose-fill products before installation EN ISO 9229:2007, Thermal insulation — Vocabulary (ISO 9229:2007) EN ISO 10456:2007, Building materials and products — Hygrothermal properties —Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values (ISO 10456:2007) 3 Terms definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9229:2007, and the following apply. 3.1.1 expanded clay lightweight aggregate insulation material or product composed of lightweight granular material having a cellular structure formed by expanding clay minerals by heat 3.1.2 compressibility
deformation at a certain load of a vibrated specimen, given as a load-deformation curve 3.1.3 compressive strength, CS(10) the load where the deformation of a vibrated specimen is 10 % 3.1.4 stiffness modulus is given as the tangent to the load-deformation curve and is related to the level of deformation 3.1.5 compressive creep (CC) the deformation at a constant load in a specified time 3.1.6 compaction mechanical compression (e.g. by vibrator) of the installed insulation layer, expressed as a percentage of the initial untreated layer thickness 3.1.7 level given value, which is the upper or lower limit of a requirement. The level is given by the declared value of the characteristic concerned 3.1.8 class combination of two levels of the same property, between which the performance falls, where the levels are given by the declared value of the characteristic concerned 3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms Symbols and units used in this standard: LD
is the symbol of the declared level for loose bulk density PS
is the symbol of the declared level for aggregate size (mm) SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 7 CS(10) is the symbol of the declared level for compressive strength at 10 % deformation CC
is the symbol of the declared level for compressive creep Abbreviated terms used in this standard:
LWA is Lightweight Aggregate
ITT
is Initial Type Test
CEA
is Civil Engineering Applications 4 Requirements 4.1 General Product properties shall be assessed in accordance with Clause 5. To conform with this standard, products shall meet the requirements of 4.2 and the requirements of 4.3 as appropriate.
Sampling of expanded clay LWA shall be performed according to EN 932-1 and splitting of samples according to EN 932-2. One test result on a product property is the average of the measured values on the number of test specimens given in Table 1. 4.2 For all applications 4.2.1 Loose bulk density Loose bulk density shall be declared and determined in accordance with EN 1097-3. The dry loose bulk density shall be declared by the manufacturer in steps of 5 kg/m3 up to a density of 400 kg/m3 and thereafter in steps of 10 kg/m3. It shall be in the range of ± 15 % of the manufacturers declared value with a maximum of
± 100 kg /m3 .The value shall be expressed in kg/m3. NOTE The value of the density used for design purposes will be influenced by compaction and water content. 4.2.2 Particle size distribution 4.2.2.1 General Particle size distribution shall be measured in accordance with EN 933-1, without washing, and shall be declared in % by mass.
4.2.2.2
Aggregate size The pair of sieve sizes between which the main proportion of the particles lies shall designate the size and any undersize or oversize shall comply with 4.2.2.3 and 4.2.2.4. The sieve sizes in mm shall be selected from the specifications in EN 13055-2. NOTE
Normally the aggregate size for expanded clay LWA products will be in the range 0 mm - 32 mm.
4.2.2.3 Undersize The content of undersize material shall not exceed 15 % by mass. SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 8 4.2.2.4 Oversize The content of oversize material shall not exceed 10 % by mass. 4.2.3 Reaction to fire Reaction to fire classification (Euroclasses) shall be determined in accordance with EN 13501-1. NOTE Expanded clay LWA described in 3.1.1 of the standard is classified, without testing, as a class A1 product in accordance with Commission Decision 96/603/EC as amended by decision 2000/605/EC. 4.2.4 Durability characteristics 4.2.4.1 General The appropriate durability characteristics have been considered and are covered in 4.2.4.2 to 4.2.4.6.
NOTE The product is a clay mineral product thermo-processed to form a stable structure. 4.2.4.2 Durability of reaction to fire against ageing/degradation The reaction to fire performance of expanded clay LWA does not change with time.
4.2.4.3 Durability of thermal resistance against ageing/degradation The thermal conductivity (4.3.2) of the product does not change with time.
4.2.4.4 Durability of compressive strength against ageing/degradation The compressive strength of expanded clay does not change with time.
4.2.4.5 Durability of resistance to dynamic loads against ageing/degradation The resistance to dynamic loads does not change with time.
4.2.4.6 Durability against chemicals and biological attack
The expanded clay LWA is a ceramic material and is durable against chemicals and biological attack.
4.3 For specific applications 4.3.1 General If there is no requirement for a property, described in 4.3.2 – 4.3.16, for a product in use, then the property need not to be determined and declared by the manufacturer. 4.3.2 Thermal resistance and thermal conductivity The thermal conductivity and thermal resistance shall be determined in accordance with EN 14063-1.
NOTE For light weight fill applications without specific thermal insulation requirements tabulated thermal values in accordance with Annex E may be used. 4.3.3 Specific heat capacity Specific heat capacity shall be determined in accordance with EN ISO 10456.
NOTE In accordance with EN ISO 10456:2007, Table 4, a typical value for specific heat capacity of 1000J/(kg K) can be used. SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 9 4.3.4 Particle density The particle density of the grains shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6:2000, Annex C. It shall be in the range of ± 15 % with a maximum of ± 150 kg/m3 of the declared value.
NOTE EN 1097-6:2000, Annex C is only applicable to aggregate particles larger than 4 mm. 4.3.5 Water content The water content shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-5.
4.3.6 Water absorption The water absorption after an immersion time of 28 days shall be determined in accordance with
EN 1097-6:2000, Annex C.
NOTE EN 1097-6:2000, Annex C is only applicable to aggregate particles larger than 4 mm. 4.3.7 Compressibility and confined compressive strength The compressibility, in terms of load-deformation curve, stiffness modulus, and the compressive strength CS(10) shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2:2004, Annex A. The stiffness modulus shall be given as the tangent to the stress-strain relationship curve and related to the level of deformation.
NOTE The compressive strength at 10 % strain is not a design value, it is used as a reference value for material characterisation only. For characterisation of material properties the stiffness modulus and the load at a strain level at maximum 2 % is more relevant. 4.3.8 Compressive creep The compressive creep, in terms of deformation in % of the height of a vibrated sample, shall be determined in accordance with Annex C. The load shall be applied in load steps corresponding to stress levels of
50 N/mm2 from 50 N/mm2 and upwards.
4.3.9 Shear strength – static loading The shear strength properties shall be determined in accordance with Annex A.
4.3.10 Cyclic compression The cyclic compression shall be determined in accordance with Annex B. The cyclic load shall be applied in load steps corresponding to stress levels of 50 N/mm2 from 50 N/mm2 and upwards. The results shall be given as deformation in % related to the stress level. 4.3.11 Shear strength – cyclic loading The resilient modulus (elastic stiffness) and resistance to permanent deformations shall be determined by cyclic triaxial tests. Cyclic triaxial testing shall be performed in accordance with EN 13286-7. The multistage loading procedure (low stress level) shall be followed.
NOTE The development of permanent deformations is highly dependent on the stress history. This should be taken into consideration when the results from the test are used. 4.3.12 Water permeability The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial resistance to the free movement of water. NOTE Based on experience; the typical graded expanded clay LWA has a permeability greater than 10-3 m/s. SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 10 4.3.13 Water vapour transmission The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial resistance to the free movement of water vapour.
NOTE According to EN ISO 10456, a typical water vapour resistance factor is 2. 4.3.14 Chemical content The chemical content of the expanded clay LWA shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2. 4.3.15 Freezing and thawing resistance The freezing and thawing resistance of expanded clay LWA shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2:2004, Annex B. 4.3.16 Release of dangerous substances Expanded Clay LWA shall not release any dangerous substances in excess of the maximum permitted levels specified in a relevant European Standard for the material or permitted in the national regulations of the member state of destination. 4.4 Other requirements 4.4.1 Crushing resistance The crushing resistance shall be measured in accordance with EN 13055-1:2002, Annex A. NOTE The crushing resistance is entirely to be used for quality documentation and factory production control. There is no correlation between the crushing resistance and relevant properties for the end use conditions. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Sampling shall be carried out according to the procedures given in EN 932-1. 5.2 Conditioning If not otherwise prescribed in the test method, the test specimens shall be dried to constant mass according to EN 1097-5 (at 110 ± 5 ºC). 5.3 Testing 5.3.1 General
Table 1 gives the minimum number of measurements required to get one test result and any specific conditions, which are necessary. SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 11 Table 1 —Test methods, test specimens and specific conditions Clause
No. Title Test method Minimum number of test specimens to get one test result Specific conditions 4.2.1 Loose bulk density EN 1097-3 3
4.2.2 Particle size distribution EN 933-1 1
4.2.3 Reaction to fire (organic content) EN 13820 See Annex ZA, reaction to fire class A1 without testing 4.3.2 Thermal conductivity In accordance with EN 14063-1 4.3.4 Particle density EN 1097-6:2000, Annex C 2
4.3.5 Water content EN 1097-5 3 Not applicable for ITT 4.3.6 Water absorption EN 1097-6:2000, Annex C 2
4.3.7 Compressibility and confined compressive strength Compressibility and confined compressive strength (EN13055-2:2004, Annex A) 3
4.3.8 Compressive creep Annex C 3
0 Shear strength –static loading
Annex A 3
0 Cyclic compression Annex B 2
0 Shear strength –cyclic loading EN 13286-7
3
4.3.14 Chemical content EN 13055-2 1
4.3.15 Freezing and thawing resistance EN 13055-2:2004, Annex B 3
4.3.16 Release of dangerous substances Test method not yet available -
4.4.1 Crushing resistance EN 13055-1:2002, Annex A 3
6 Designation code A designation code for the product shall be given by the manufacturer. The following shall be included except when there is no requirement for a property described in 4.3:
Abbreviated term
– Expanded clay LWA
Exp. clay LWA
– This EN standard number EN 15732
– Loose bulk density LD “i”
– Particle size
PS “i”
SIST EN 15732:2013
EN 15732:2012 (E) 12 The designation code according to this standard for an expanded clay lightweight aggregate product is illustrated by the following example: Exp. clay LWA EN 15732 – LD250 – PS(8-20)
7 Evaluation of conformity 7.1 General The compliance of the expanded clay LWA with the requirements of this standard and with the stated values (including classes) shall be demonstrated by: initial type testing, factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment
The evaluation of conformity shall be car
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Toplotnoizolacijski in lahki polnilni proizvodi za inženirske objekte
(CEA) - Proizvodi iz ekspandiranega glinenega agregatnega proizvoda (LWA)Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA)Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d'argile expanséeLight weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)91.100.60Thermal and sound insulating materialsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:FprEN 15732kSIST FprEN 15732:2012en,fr,de01-junij-2012kSIST FprEN 15732:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 15732
March 2012 ICS 91.100.60 English Version
Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) - Expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA)
Matériaux de remplissage légers et produits isolants thermiques pour les applications du génie civil - Produits à base de granulats légers d'argile expansée
Leichte Schütt- und Wärmedämmstoffe für bautechnische Anwendungen (CEA) - Produkte aus Blähton-Leichtzuschlagstoffen (LWA) This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 88.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. FprEN 15732:2012: EkSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .41Scope .42Normative references .43Terms definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms .53.1Terms and definitions .53.2Symbols, units and abbreviated terms .64Requirements .64.1General .64.2For all applications .74.3For specific applications .84.4Other requirements. 105Test methods . 105.1Sampling . 105.2Conditioning . 105.3Testing . 106Designation code . 117Evaluation of conformity . 127.1 General . 127.2 Initial type testing . 127.3 Factory production control . 128Marking and labelling . 12Annex A (normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA –Static Triaxial Compression Test for determination of shear strength properties . 13A.1Scope . 13A.2Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 13A.3Test principle . 14A.4Apparatus . 14A.4.1Triaxial apparatus . 14A.4.2Loading device . 14A.4.3Confining pressure and vacuum-control device . 14A.4.4Displacement transducers . 15A.4.5Calibration . 15A.4.6Top cap and pedestal . 16A.4.7Porous discs . 16A.5Testing procedure. 18A.5.1Number of test specimens . 18A.5.2Procedures for compaction of laboratory test specimens . 18A.5.3Compaction using vibrations . 18A.5.4Other means of compaction . 18A.6Test report . 18Annex B (normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA — Determination of the resistance to cyclic compressive loading . 19B.1Scope and field of application . 19B.2Definitions . 19B.3Sampling . 19B.4Test Method . 19B.4.1Principle . 19B.4.2Equipment . 19kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 3 B.4.3Preparation of test specimens . 21B.4.4Test procedure . 21B.4.5Calculations . 23B.4.6Expression of the test results . 23B.5Report . 23Annex C (normative)
Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA — Determination of the compressive creep . 25C.1Scope and field of application . 25C.2Principles. 25C.3Equipment . 25C.4Preparation of test specimens . 27C.5Testing . 27C.5.1Test procedure . 27C.5.2Calculations . 28C.5.3Expression of results . 28C.6Report . 28Annex D (normative)
Factory production control. 30Annex E (informative)
Tabulated λλλλ10,dry-values of expanded clay LWA in lightweight fill applications . 31Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive . 32 kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (FprEN 15732:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 88 “Thermal insulating materials and products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is the harmonised part satisfying the mandate, the CPD and is the basis for the CE marking, covers the products which are placed on the market.
1 Scope This standard describes the product characteristics and includes procedures for testing, marking and labelling. This European Standard specifies the requirements for loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate (expanded clay LWA) products for Civil Engineering Applications excluding the use as thermal insulation in and under buildings which are covered by European Standard EN 14063-1. The standard covers the use of expanded clay LWA as lightweight fill and insulation materials in embankments for roads, railways and other trafficked areas and as lightweight backfill for structures.
This standard does not specify the required level of a given property to be achieved by a product to demonstrate fitness for purpose in a particular application. The levels required for a given application are to be found in regulations or non-conflicting standards.
2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 1: Methods for sampling EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 2: Method for reducing laboratory samples EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution - Sieving method EN 1097-3, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids EN 1097-5, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 5: Determination of water content by drying in a ventilated oven EN 1097-6, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Particle density and water absorption
kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 5 EN ISO 10456, Building materials and products – Procedures for determining declared and design thermal values (ISO 10456:1999) EN 12524, Building materials and products – Hygrothermal properties – Tabulated design values EN 13055-1, Lightweight aggregates – Part 1: Lightweight aggregates for concrete, mortar and grout EN 13055-2, Lightweight aggregates – Part 2: Lightweight aggregates for bituminous mixtures and surface treatments and or unbound and bound applications.
EN 13172,
Thermal Insulation products - Evaluation of conformity EN 13286-4, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 4: Test methods for laboratory reference density and moisture content - Vibrating hammer. EN 13286-5, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 5: Test methods for laboratory reference density and moisture content - Vibrating table.
EN 13286-7, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 7: Cyclic load triaxial test for unbound mixtures
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification using test data from reaction to fire test EN 13820,
Thermal insulating materials for building applications - Determination of organic content EN 14063-1, Thermal insulating materials and products – In-situ formed expanded clay lightweight aggregate products (LWA) – Part 1: Specification for the loose-fill products before installation EN ISO 9229, Thermal insulation – Definitions of terms (ISO/DIS 9229:2005)
3 Terms definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9229, and the following apply. 3.1.1 expanded clay lightweight aggregate Insulation material or product composed of lightweight granular material having a cellular structure formed by
expanding clay minerals by heat.
3.1.2 compressibility
Deformation at a certain load of a vibrated specimen, given as a load-deformation curve
3.1.3 compressive strength, CS(10) The load where the deformation of a vibrated specimen is 10% 3.1.4 stiffness modulus
The stiffness modulus is given as the tangent to the load-deformation curve and is related to the level of deformation. kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 6 3.1.5 compressive creep (CC)
Compressive creep is the deformation at a constant load in a specified time. 3.1.6 compaction Mechanical compression (e.g. by vibrator) of the installed insulation layer, expressed as a percentage of the initial untreated layer thickness. 3.1.7 level Given value, which is the upper or lower limit of a requirement. The level is given by the declared value of the characteristic concerned. 3.1.8 class Combination of two levels of the same property, between which the performance falls, where the levels are given by the declared value of the characteristic concerned.
3.2 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms Symbols and units used in this standard: LD
is the symbol of the declared level for loose bulk density PS
is the symbol of the declared level for aggregate size (mm) CS(10) is the symbol of the declared level for compressive strength at 10 % deformation CC
is the symbol of the declared level for compressive creep Abbreviated terms used in this standard:
LWA is Lightweight Aggregate
ITT
is Initial Type Test
CEA
is Civil Engineering Applications
4 Requirements 4.1 General Product properties shall be assessed in accordance with Clause 5. To conform with this standard, products shall meet the requirements of 4.2 and the requirements of 4.3 as appropriate.
Sampling of expanded clay LWA shall be performed according to EN 932-1 and splitting of samples according to EN 932-2. One test result on a product property is the average of the measured values on the number of test specimens given in Table 1. kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 7 4.2 For all applications 4.2.1 Loose bulk density Loose bulk density shall be declared and determined in accordance with EN 1097-3. The dry loose bulk density shall be declared by the manufacturer with steps of 5 kg/m3
up to a density of 400 kg/m3
and thereafter with steps of 10 kg/m3. It shall be in the range of ± 15% of the manufacturers declared value with a maximum of ± 100 kg /m3 .The value shall be expressed in kg/m3. NOTE The value of the density used for design purposes will be influenced by compaction and water content
4.2.2 Particle size distribution 4.2.2.1 General Particle size distribution shall be measured in accordance with EN 933-1, without washing, and shall be declared in % by mass.
4.2.2.2
Aggregate size The pair of sieve sizes between which the main proportion of the particles lies shall designate the size and any undersize or oversize shall comply with clauses 4.2.2.3 and 4.2.2.4. The sieve sizes in mm shall be selected from the specifications in EN 13055-2. NOTE
Normally the aggregate size for expanded clay LWA products will be in the range 0 mm - 32 mm.
4.2.2.3 Undersize The content of undersize material shall not exceed 15% by mass. 4.2.2.4 Oversize The content of oversize material shall not exceed 10% by mass. 4.2.3 Reaction to fire Reaction to fire classification (Euroclasses) shall be determined in accordance with EN 13501-1. NOTE Expanded clay LWA described in clause 3.1.1 of the standard is classified, without testing, as a class A1 product in accordance with Commission Decision 96/603/EC as amended by decision 2000/605/EC. 4.2.4 Durability characteristics 4.2.4.1 General The appropriate durability characteristics have been considered and are covered in 4.2.4.2 to 4.2.4.6.
NOTE The product is a clay mineral product thermo-processed to form a stable structure. 4.2.4.2 Durability of reaction to fire against ageing/degradation The reaction to fire performance of expanded clay LWA does not change with time.
4.2.4.3 Durability of thermal resistance against ageing/degradation The thermal conductivity (4.3.2) of the product does not change with time.
kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 8 4.2.4.4 Durability of compressive strength against ageing/degradation The compressive strength of expanded clay does not change with time.
4.2.4.5 Durability of resistance to dynamic loads against ageing/degradation The resistance to dynamic loads does not change with time.
4.2.4.6 Durability against chemicals and biological attack
The expanded clay LWA is a ceramic material and is durable against chemicals and biological attack.
4.3 For specific applications 4.3.1 General If there is no requirement for a property, described in 4.3.2 – 4.3.16, for a product in use, then the property need not to be determined and declared by the manufacturer. 4.3.2 Thermal resistance and thermal conductivity The thermal conductivity and thermal resistance shall be determined in accordance with EN 14063-1.
NOTE For light weight fill applications without specific thermal insulation requirements tabulated thermal values in accordance with Annex E may be used. 4.3.3 Specific heat capacity Specific heat capacity shall be determined in accordance with EN 12524.
NOTE In accordance with EN 12524, Table 2, a typical value for specific heat capacity of 1000J/(kg K) can be used.
4.3.4 Particle density The particle density of the grains shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6, Annex C. It shall be in the range of ± 15% with a maximum of ± 150 kg/m3 of the declared value.
NOTE EN 1097-6, Annex C is only applicable to aggregate particles larger than 4mm. 4.3.5 Water content The water content shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-5.
4.3.6 Water absorption The water absorption after an immersion time of 28 days shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6, Annex C.
NOTE EN 1097-6, Annex C is only applicable to aggregate particles larger than 4mm. 4.3.7 Compressibility and confined compressive strength The compressibility, in terms of load-deformation curve, stiffness modulus, and the compressive strength CS(10) shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2, Annex A. The stiffness modulus shall be given as the tangent to the stress-strain relationship curve and related to the level of deformation.
NOTE The compressive strength at 10% strain is not a design value, it is used as a reference value for material characterisation only. For characterisation of material properties the stiffness modulus and the load at a strain level at maximum 2% is more relevant. kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 9 4.3.8 Compressive creep The compressive creep, in terms of deformation in % of the height of a vibrated sample, shall be determined in accordance with Annex C. The load shall be applied in load steps corresponding to stress levels of 50 N/mm2 from 50 N/mm2 and upwards.
4.3.9 Shear strength – static loading The shear strength properties shall be determined in accordance with Annex A.
4.3.10 Cyclic compression The cyclic compression shall be determined in accordance with Annex B. The cyclic load shall be applied in load steps corresponding to stress levels of 50 N/mm2 from 50 N/mm2 and upwards. The results shall be given as deformation in % related to the stress level. 4.3.11 Shear strength – cyclic loading The resilient modulus (elastic stiffness) and resistance to permanent deformations shall be determined by cyclic triaxial tests. Cyclic triaxial testing shall be performed in accordance with EN 13286-7. The multistage loading procedure (low stress level) shall be followed.
NOTE The development of permanent deformations is highly dependent on the stress history. This should be taken into consideration when the results from the test are used. 4.3.12 Water permeability The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial resistance to the free movement of water. NOTE Based on experience; the typical graded expanded clay LWA has a permeability greater than 10-3 m/s. 4.3.13 Water vapour transmission The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial resistance to the free movement of water vapour.
NOTE According to EN 12524 a typical water vapour resistance factor is 2. 4.3.14 Chemical content The chemical content of the expanded clay LWA shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2. 4.3.15 Freezing and thawing resistance The freezing and thawing resistance of expanded clay LWA shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2 Annex B. 4.3.16 Release of dangerous substances Expanded Clay LWA shall not release any dangerous substances in excess of the maximum permitted levels specified in a relevant European Standard for the material or permitted in the national regulations of the member state of destination. kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 10 4.4 Other requirements 4.4.1 Crushing resistance The crushing resistance shall be measured in accordance with EN 13055-1 Annex A. NOTE The crushing resistance is entirely to be used for quality documentation and factory production control. There is no correlation between the crushing resistance and relevant properties for the end use conditions. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Sampling shall be carried out according to the procedures given in EN 932-1. 5.2 Conditioning If not otherwise prescribed in the test method, the test specimens shall be dried to constant mass according to EN 1097-5 (at 110 ± 5 ºC). 5.3 Testing 5.3.1 General
Table 1 gives the minimum number of measurements required to get one test result and any specific conditions, which are necessary. kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 11 Table 1 —Test methods, test specimens and specific conditions
Clause
No. Title Test method Minimum number of test specimens to get one test result Specific conditions 4.2.1 Loose bulk density EN 1097-3 3
4.2.2 Particle size distribution EN-933-1 1
4.2.3 Reaction to fire (organic content) EN 13820 See Annex ZA, reaction to fire class A1 without testing 4.3.2 Thermal conductivity In accordance with 14063-1 4.3.4 Particle density EN 1097-6, Annex C 2
4.3.5 Water content EN 1097-5 3 Not applicable for ITT 4.3.6 Water absorption EN 1097-6, Annex C 2
4.3.7 Compressibility and confined compressive strength Compressibility and confined compressive strength (EN13055-2, Annex A) 3
4.3.8 Compressive creep Annex C 3
0 Shear strength –static loading
Annex A 3
0 Cyclic compression Annex B 2
0 Shear strength –cyclic loading EN 13286-7
3
4.3.14 Chemical content EN 13055-2 1
4.3.15 Freezing and thawing resistance EN 13055-2, Annex B 3
4.3.16 Release of dangerous substances Test method not yet available -
4.4.1 Crushing resistance EN 13055-1, Annex A 3
6 Designation code A designation code for the product shall be given by the manufacturer. The following shall be included except when there is no requirement for a property described in 4.3:
Abbreviated term
– Expanded clay LWA
Exp. clay LWA
– This EN standard number EN 15732
– Loose bulk density LD “i”
– Particle size
PS “i”
The designation code according to this standard for an expanded clay lightweight aggregate product is illustrated by the following example: kSIST FprEN 15732:2012
FprEN 15732:2012 (E) 12 Exp. clay LWA EN 15732 – LD250 – PS(8-20)
7 Evaluation of conformity 7.1 General The compliance of the expanded clay LWA with the requirements of this standard and with the stated values (including classes) shall be demonstrated by: initial type testing, factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment
The evaluation of conformity shall be carried out in accordance with EN 13172. 7.2 Initial type testing ITT shall be carried out in accordance with EN 13172 for all characteristics declared. 7.3 Factory production control FPC shall be made for the characteristics listed in Annex D.
If a manufacturer decides to group his products it shall be done in accordance with EN 13172. The minimum frequencies of tests in the factory production control shall be in accordance with Annex D, Table D.1. When indirect testing is used, the correlation to direct testing shall
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