SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
(Main)Indoor air - Part 32: Investigation of buildings for the occurrence of pollutants (ISO 16000-32:2014)
Indoor air - Part 32: Investigation of buildings for the occurrence of pollutants (ISO 16000-32:2014)
EN ISO 16000-32 specifies the requirements for investigating buildings and other structures and their technical installations for the occurrence of pollutants, as a basis for subsequent sampling of suspect areas and determination of the type and quantity of pollutants, which are described in other parts of ISO 16000.
Innenraumluftverunreinigungen - Teil 32: Untersuchung von Gebäuden auf Schadstoffe (ISO 16000-32:2014)
In diesem Teil der ISO 16000 werden Anforderungen an die Erkundung von Bauwerken hinsichtlich des Vorhandenseins von Schadstoffen oder anderen schädlichen Faktoren festgelegt, die als Basis für eine anschließende Beprobung von Verdachtsbereichen und zur Bestimmung der Menge und Art der Schadstoffe dienen, die in anderen Teilen der ISO 16000 beschrieben werden.
Die Ergebnisse der Erkundung bilden die Basis für eine Bewertung in Hinblick auf Nutzung, Sanierung oder Abbruch des Bauwerks. Eine Bewertung in Hinblick auf Nutzung darf Hygiene- und Komfortparameter beinhalten (z. B. bei Gebäudepässen).
Air intérieur - Partie 32: Investigation de la présence de polluants dans les bâtiments (ISO 16000-32:2014)
L'ISO 16000-32:2014 spécifie les exigences relatives à l'investigation sur la présence de polluants dans les bâtiments et d'autres structures ainsi que leurs locaux techniques, devant servir de base pour un échantillonnage ultérieur des zones suspectes, ainsi qu'à la détermination du type et de la quantité de polluant, qui sont décrits dans d'autres parties de l'ISO 16000.
Notranji zrak - 32. del: Preiskava stavb glede prisotnosti onesnaževal (ISO 16000-32:2014)
Standard EN ISO 16000-32 določa zahteve za preiskovanje stavb in drugih struktur ter njihovih tehničnih inštalacij glede prisotnosti onesnaževal, kar je podlaga za nadaljnje vzorčenje sumljivih območij ter ugotavljanje vrste in količine onesnaževal, kar je opisano v drugih delih standarda ISO 16000.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
01-oktober-2014
Notranji zrak - 32. del: Preiskava stavb glede prisotnosti onesnaževal (ISO 16000-
32:2014)
Indoor air - Part 32: Investigation of buildings for the occurrence of pollutants (ISO 16000
-32:2014)
Innenraumluftverunreinigungen - Teil 32: Untersuchung von Gebäuden auf Schadstoffe
(ISO 16000-32:2014)
Air intérieur - Partie 32: Investigation de la présence de polluants dans les bâtiments
(ISO 16000-32:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 16000-32
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2014
ICS 13.040.20
English Version
Indoor air - Part 32: Investigation of buildings for the occurrence
of pollutants (ISO 16000-32:2014)
Air intérieur - Partie 32: Investigation sur la présence de Innenraumluftverunreinigungen - Teil 32: Untersuchung von
polluants dans les bâtiments (ISO 16000-32:2014) Gebäuden auf Schadstoffe (ISO 16000-32:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 June 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16000-32:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
EN ISO 16000-32:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
EN ISO 16000-32:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 16000-32:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146 “Air quality”
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16000-32:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16000-32:2014 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-32
First edition
2014-07-15
Indoor air —
Part 32:
Investigation of buildings for the
occurrence of pollutants
Air intérieur —
Partie 32: Investigation sur la présence de polluants dans les
bâtiments
Reference number
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Type, origin and causes of pollutants in buildings . 2
5 Method of undertaking an investigation of pollutants in buildings .3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Phases of the pollution investigation . 4
6 Investigation report and documentation . 7
Annex A (informative) Example of an investigation of pollutants in buildings .9
Annex B (informative) VOCs and possible sources and building related VOC sources .13
Annex C (informative) Sampling plan for pollution investigation .15
Annex D (informative) Sampling record for investigation of pollutants in buildings .16
Bibliography .18
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.
ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air:
— Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy
— Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde
— Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber
air — Active sampling method
— Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde — Diffusive sampling method
— Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
— Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling
®
on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas-chromatography using MS or MS-FID
— Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations
— Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions
— Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test chamber method
— Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test cell method
— Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
— Part 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
(PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
— Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs)
and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) — Collection on sorbent-backed
filters
— Part 14: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs)
and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) — Extraction, clean-up and
analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
— Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO )
2
— Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling by filtration
— Part 17: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Culture based method
— Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling by impaction
— Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds
— Part 20: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Determination of total spore count
— Part 21: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling from materials
— Part 23: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive
building materials
— Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compound (except
formaldehyde) concentrations by sorptive building materials
— Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds by building products —
Micro-chamber method
— Part 26: Sampling strategy for carbon dioxide (CO )
2
— Part 27: Determination of settled fibrous dust on surfaces by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) (direct
method)
— Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers
— Part 29: Test methods for VOC detectors
— Part 30: Sensory testing of indoor air
— Part 31: Measurement of flame retardants and plasticizers based on organophosphorus compounds —
Phosphoric acid ester
— Part 32: Investigation of buildings for the occurrence of pollutants
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
Introduction
Investigations on the occurrence of pollutants in buildings and their technical installations make it
possible to determine the level of pollution (e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls, asbestos) at the time of the
investigation (actual condition) and to assess its impact.
During the investigation it should be considered that structural changes (e.g. thicker building envelope),
hygiene conditions (e.g. ventilation, air flows) and other factors may affect the actual condition as
surveyed and should therefore be indicated if necessary.
In specific circumstances it may be expedient to assess the indoor air quality in order to undertake an
investigation on pollutants.
Treatment of contaminated construction products resulting from the demolition, partial dismantling
and remediation of buildings is not covered by this part of ISO 16000.
The legal regulations in the different countries have to be taken into account.
This part of ISO 16000 is based on Reference [1].
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
Indoor air —
Part 32:
Investigation of buildings for the occurrence of pollutants
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16000 specifies the requirements for investigating buildings and other structures
and their technical installations for the occurrence of pollutants, as a basis for subsequent sampling of
suspect areas and determination of the type and quantity of pollutants, which are described in other
parts of ISO 16000.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16000-1, Indoor air — Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
construction product
building product
material, material preparation or combination of materials which form(s) a permanent part of a building
Note 1 to entry: Construction product is the official term for building material in the European legislation which
is cited in this part of ISO 16000.
3.2
structural element
building element or component of a building element
EXAMPLE Wall, floor, roof or part thereof.
3.3
component of structural element
one of several components or layers of a structural element comprising one construction product with
uniform characteristics
EXAMPLE Bricks as components or plasterwork as a layer on a wall.
3.4
building
part of the collective outcome of a construction and civil engineering work that, when taken as a whole,
fulfils an economic and technical function
3.5
site visit
visual site investigation of the spatial entity on which the pollution investigation concept is based
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
3.6
sampling
collecting of samples from construction elements or from other media (e.g. air, water) in and around the
building in order to conduct appropriate analyses to give an indication of the extent of contamination in
the building under investigation
3.7
pollutant
substance which either alone or in combination with other substances or through its products of
degradation or emissions can have a harmful effect on human health or the environment or can lead to
a reduction in the value or restriction in the use of the building
3.8
pollution investigation
investigation of the condition of the building with regard to the extent of contamination
3.9
remediation
removal, immobilisation and control measures of pollutants and other hazards to achieve the specified
remediation target
3.10
volatile organic compound
VOC
organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (50 °C to 100 °C) to (240 °C to 260 °C)
Note 1 to entry: This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization (see Reference [2]).
Note 2 to entry: Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they decompose
before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification of compound
volatility that may be used for classification of organic chemicals (see Reference [3]).
Note 3 to entry: Due to practical reasons to be taken into account for test chambers, the definition given in
ISO 16000-9 differs from that defined in this part of ISO 16000.
3.11
semi-volatile organic compound
SVOC
organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (240 °C to 260 °C) to (380 °C to 400 °C)
Note 1 to entry: This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization (see Reference [2]).
Note 2 to entry: Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they decompose
before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification of compound
volatility that may be used for classification of organic chemicals (see Reference [3]).
4 Type, origin and causes of pollutants in buildings
Pollutants include hazardous materials and preparations which are listed in different national laws
[4] [5]
or European laws in the different fields, e.g. Construction Product Regulation and REACH . Other
factors (e.g. anthropogenic emissions or electromagnetic fields, which are not dealt with in this part of
ISO 16000) which may have an adverse effect on human health and well-being should also be considered.
Pollutants may be of very diverse origin.
The following causes of pollution have been identified.
a) Primary sources of pollutants in the construction products themselves: asbestos, man-made mineral
fibres, heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),
halogenated organic compounds, volatile organic substances (VOCs) biocide active agents from
wood preservatives, odour emissions from construction products and radioactive construction
products.
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
b) During interaction of several primary sources new pollutions not originally existing in the
construction products can be generated by chemical reactions between single construction products
(secondary emission of a primary source), e.g. odour emissions from multi-layered sandwich
structure of a flooring.
c) Such secondary emissions can be generated by chemical reaction in air (e.g. by reaction of VOC with
ozone).
d) Secondary sources of pollutants generated by the transfer of pollutants to other structural elements
or building areas: e.g. asbestos dust, PCBs, PAHs, contaminations due to the use of solvents and
operation, e.g. from building preservation (such as cleaning, disinfection or pest control), production
processes (e.g. tetrachloroethylene used for dry cleaning, toluene used in printing works), microbial
contamination in consequence of water damages.
e) The influence of pollution from geogenic (e.g. radon) or anthropogenic sources (e.g. particles and
dust, pet or vermin allergens, soot).
f) Electromagnetic fields, sound, vibrations; not dealt with in this part of ISO 16000.
g) Biological hazards (potential sensitizing, toxic or infectious effects of mould, microbial volatile
organic compounds (MVOC), bacteria, pigeon droppings, mess and rests of rodents and, vermin.
h) Transient pollution and emissions caused by use: anthropogenic carbon dioxide, bodily exhalations,
humidity, odours.
i) Pollutants that enter the building by infiltration and ventilation provision.
j) Structural-physical weaknesses as origin of humidity penetration and mould.
Annex A lists examples of pollutants contained in specific structural elements whereas in Annex B
important examples of VOCs and their possible sources (see Table B.1) and vice versa building related
VOC sources and their VOC emissions (see Table B.2) are given.
5 Method of undertaking an investigation of pollutants in buildings
5.1 General
Investigations and assessments are performed by specialists and inspection bodies that have the
relevant expertise in the following fields:
a) building and associated installations or equipment;
b) materials science and material testing;
c) pollutants in buildings and their technical installations originating from used construction
materials, use or maintenance;
d) laws, regulations and technical rules;
e) health protection, environment protection and occupational safety, if necessary.
Prior to initiating an investigation of pollutants in buildings, a pollution investigation concept shall be
submitted which outlines the procedure.
The pollution investigation concept shall be described in the pollution investigation report, based on:
— the aim of the pollution investigation and
— the motive for the pollution investigation.
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
5.1.1 Aim of the investigation of pollutants in buildings
The pollution investigation will focus on:
a) a specific pollutant;
b) a specific group of pollutants; or
c) an indeterminate range of pollutants.
It shall also be established whether the spatial entity on which the pollution investigation is based
involves:
— a part of a building;
— an entire building;
— several building units;
— exterior as well as interior of a building.
5.1.2 Motive for the investigation of pollutants in buildings
An investigation of buildings for contamination may be motivated by the following factors:
a) inventory control;
b) complaints;
c) purchase or sales examination (due diligence);
d) preparation for remediation, conversion or demolition;
e) as a basis for facility management and maintenance (facility management tool).
5.2 Phases of the pollution investigation
An investigation of buildings for contamination generally takes place in several, systematically
coordinated phases which focus on the following key areas:
a) research into the circumstances relating to site, building and use;
b) evaluation and recording of complaints;
c) site visit;
d) set-up of a sampling plan;
e) sampling and analysis;
f) evaluation and assessment.
This represents the ideal sequence of events. In practice, individual phases may be omitted (e.g. research
phase in the absence of any documents or information), reduced in scope (e.g. site visit if access is
restricted) or repeated in the light of new information (e.g. unexpected results of sampling and analysis
call for further investigation of the building’s history, or additional visits). This shall be recorded in the
investigation report.
The omission or reduction in the scope of research may result in extra time spent on site visits; however,
no amount of research can compensate for the omission or curtailment of the site visit.
It may be sensible to undertake the sampling and analysis phase gradually by conducting preliminary
qualitative and/or semi quantitative investigations (e.g. screening with dust samples, composite
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SIST EN ISO 16000-32:2014
ISO 16000-32:2014(E)
samples, cumulative parameters, indoor air measurements) which consolidate information about the
possible range of pollutants.
5.2.1 Research into the circumstances relating to site, building and use
The research phase involves gathering and recording all documentation and/or information relating to
the building under investigation, its location and its former use.
This documentation and/or information may offer firm evidence or indications of the presence of certain
pollutants, or even grounds for ruling out their existence, and serves as a useful tool for the subsequent
investigative phases.
5.2.1.1 Researching the site
Site-related factors may affect the building due to interactions between the building and its location. These
may be of geogenic nature (e.g. radon), they may be attributable to earlier environmental contamination
on the site (e.g. brownfield sites, land contaminated by war) or caused by current emissions (e.g. traffic,
industry). They may also be affected by climatic and/or other natural factors.
The following data sources may be used for investigating the site:
a) registers of contaminated land and areas of potential pollution;
b) underground radon levels;
c) aerial photographs;
d) archive material derived from various sources;
e) environmental studies;
f) interviews with eyewitnesses (familiar with the site or facility).
5.2.1.2 Researching the building
Research into the building, as the focal point of the pollution investigation, should provide all requisite
qualitative and quantitative information regarding:
a) the recorded building stock;
b) the relevant construction products used;
c) heating and sewage systems and, where applicable, ventilation and hydraulic systems;
d) any maintenance, renovation and conversion work that has been carried out;
e) events involving accidents, fire, war damage, water damages.
The following data sources may be used for this purpose:
— company archives (building documentation, building plans, technical specifications),
— government archives,
— official certificates and relating correspondence,
— historical tender documents or construction product specifications,
— enquiry of users in the past (maintenance man, users of the building in the past).
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5.2.1.3 Researching the use
Pollutant contamination in a building may be attributable to the specific way in which the building
has been used. Consequently, adverse effects on the health of users may already have been observed.
Research in this field should provide all the necessary findings regarding:
a) current and former use;
b) current and former materials used (e.g. hazardous substances and materials);
c) areas suspected of contamination based on use;
d) current or former incidences of disease or symptoms of illness amongst building users.
The following data sources may be used for this purpose:
— company archives,
— official certificates, commercial conveyancing and associated correspondence,
— medical reports and opinions (e.g. company doctor, school doctor, health and safety inspectorate),
— interviews with eyewitnesses (familiar with the site or facility).
5.2.2 Site visit
The site visit shall cover all areas of the spatial entity. Any individual areas which cannot be accessed
shall be clearly indicated in the pollution investigation report and the reason for their exclusion shall be
given.
Before visiting the site, a site visit concept shall be drawn up to define the objective of the visit. The
objective is generally to check and verify the findings from the previous research phase and to collect
and document new information and findings in both qualitative and quantitative terms using the
specifications.
To achieve this objective, all necessary resources relating to the organisational, scheduling and technical
aspects of the investigation shall be obtained and carefully coordinated. It may therefore be necessary
to conduct the site visit in several consecutive stages.
5.2.3 Sampling
Before starting samplin
...
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