SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
(Main)Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
Resolution 467/2004 was to split WI 00054031 into two work items. Work item 00054052 was however created instead and 00054031 was left intact.
Amendement 1 to Part 3, was initially registerd under WI 037 which is split.
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 3: Konstruktion
Récipients sous pression non soumis a la flamme - Partie 3: Conception
Neogrevane tlačne posode - 3. del: Konstruiranje
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
01-februar-2009
1HRJUHYDQHWODþQHSRVRGHGHO .RQVWUXLUDQMH
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 3: Konstruktion
Récipients sous pression non soumis a la flamme - Partie 3: Conception
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007
ICS:
23.020.30 7ODþQHSRVRGHSOLQVNH Pressure vessels, gas
MHNOHQNH cylinders
SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
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SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13445-3:2002/A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2007
ICS 23.020.30
English Version
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 3: Konstruktion
3: Conception
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 13445-3:2002; it was approved by CEN on 22 March 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of this
amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such
national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms and definitions .5
5 Basic design criteria .5
5.1 General .5
5.3.3 Failure modes considered in this Part .5
5.4.3 Vessels of testing group 4.6
6 Maximum allowed values of the nominal design stress for pressure parts .6
19 Creep design.7
19.1 Purpose .7
19.2 Specific definitions.7
19.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations .7
19.4 Design in the creep range .8
19.5 Nominal Design stress in the creep range .9
19.5.1 Case where no lifetime monitoring is provided .9
19.5.1.1 General.9
19.5.2 Case where lifetime monitoring is provided.13
19.6 Weld joint factor in the creep range .13
19.7 Pressure loading of predominantly non-cyclic nature in the creep range.13
19.8 Design procedures for DBF.13
Annex B (normative) Design by Analysis – Direct Route.17
B.1.1 General .17
B.1.2 Purpose .17
B.1.3 Special requirements .17
B.1.4 Creep design.17
B.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations .18
B.5 Methodology .18
B.5.1 General, design checks .18
B.7 Design models .20
B.7.1 General .20
B.7.4 Constitutive laws.20
B.7.5 Material parameters.20
B.8 Non-creep design checks.21
B.8.1 General .21
B.8.5 Cyclic Fatigue failure (F).23
B.9 Creep design checks.23
B.9.1 General .23
B.9.2 Welded joints .23
B.9.3 Material creep strength parameters .24
B.9.4 Creep Rupture (CR).24
B.9.5 Excessive Creep Strain (ECS).26
Annex M (informative) In service monitoring of vessels operating in fatigue or creep .31
M.1 Purpose .31
M.2 Fatigue operation .31
M.5 Measures to be taken when the calculated allowable fatigue lifetime has been
reached.32
M.6 Operation in the creep range .32
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M.7 Measures to be taken when the calculated allowable creep lifetime has been
reached.33
M.8 Bibliography.33
Annex R (informative) Coefficients for creep-rupture model equations for extrapolation of
creep-rupture strength.34
R.1 General .34
R.2 Bibliography.37
Annex S (informative) Extrapolation of the nominal design stress based on time-
independent behaviour in the creep range.38
S.1 General rule.38
S.2 Results for EN 10028 materials.39
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of the EU Directive 97/23/EC on Pressure Equipment.44
3
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SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 - has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54
“Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This Amendment to the European Standard EN 13445-3:2002 shall be given the status of a national
standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007,
and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 97/23/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
This amendment is based on EN 13445-3 up to issue 26 (April 2007).
The document includes the text of the amendment itself. The corrected pages of EN 13445-3 will be
delivered as issue 27 of the standard.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
2 Normative references
Amend the third reference to read:
EN 764-1:2004, Pressure equipment – Part 1: Terminology – Pressure, temperature, volume,
nominal size.
_________________________________________________________________________________
3 Terms and definitions
Add a new definition 3.23:
3.23
creep range
temperature range in which material characteristics used in design are time dependent
Add a NOTE:
NOTE See also 5.1.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
5 Basic design criteria
5.1 General
Replace the existing text with:
Part 3 is applicable only when:
a) materials and welds are not subject to localized corrosion in the presence of products which the
vessel is to contain or which can be present in the vessel under reasonably foreseeable
conditions.
b) either all calculation temperatures are below the creep range or a calculation temperature is in
the creep range and time dependent material characteristics are available in the materials
standard.
NOTE See definition 3.23 of creep range.
For the purpose of design, the creep range is the temperature range in which time independent
material characteristics are no more governing in the determination of the nominal design stress.
The material strength characteristics used shall be related to the specified lifetimes in the various
creep load cases
_________________________________________________________________________________
5.3.3 Failure modes considered in this Part
Add:
f) creep rupture;
5
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SIST EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2009
EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
g) creep deformation;
h) creep fatigue.
_________________________________________________________________________________
5.4.2 Vessels of all testing groups, pressure loading of predominantly non-cyclic nature
Change the beginning of the first paragraph to:
The DBF requirements specified in Clauses 7 to 16, Annexes G and J and in Clause 19 (for testing
subgroups 1c and 3c only), and the DBA requirements of Annex B and Annex C provide satisfactory
_________________________________________________________________________________
5.4.3 Vessels of testing group 4
Change to:
Pressure vessels to testing group 4, as defined in EN 13445-5, are intended for predominantly non-
cyclic operation and calculation temperatures below the creep range. They are limited for operation
up to 500 full pressure cycles or equivalent full pressure cycles.
NOTE When the number of equivalent full pressure cycles has reached 500, a hydraulic test should be
performed and followed by a complete visual examination. If the test is successfully passed, then the operation
can be continued for a new 500 cycles period.
_________________________________________________________________________________
Change the heading 5.4.4 to:
5.4.4 Vessels of testing group 1, 2, and 3, working below the creep range, pressure loading
of predominantly cyclic nature
_________________________________________________________________________________
5.7.1 General requirements
Replace the last sentence with:
Specific requirements are included when Design by Analysis – Direct Route of Annex B is used for
vessels or vessel parts working in the creep range.
_________________________________________________________________________________
6 Maximum allowed values of the nominal design stress for pressure parts
In 6.1.1 add the following at the end of the first paragraph:
The values to be used within the creep range are given in Clause 19.
_________________________________________________________________________________
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EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
Add the following new clause:
19 Creep design
19.1 Purpose
This clause is for the design of vessels or vessel parts if the calculation temperature is in the creep
range. It may be applied for pressure and mechanical loading.
NOTE 1 A definition of the creep range is given in 3.8. See also 5.1b.
NOTE 2 A pre-supposition of the requirements in this clause is usage of sufficiently creep ductile materials. In
that regard, the steels and steel castings listed in Table A.2-1 of EN 13445-2:2002 for which, for the relevant
temperature range, creep strengths are given in the referred to material standards, are considered to be
sufficiently creep ductile.
19.2 Specific definitions
period
duration of a load case with constant loading and constant temperature inside the creep range.
NOTE All individual intervals of time with identical creep conditions (same temperature and same applied
loading) occurring separately during the vessel life should be grouped to form a unique period.
single creep load case
case where only one period occurs in the whole lifetime of the vessel.
multiple creep load case
case where more than one period occur in the whole lifetime of the vessel.
lifetime monitoring
requirements for control and examination as stated in the operating instructions with the minimum
requirement for continuous recording of pressure and temperature and retention of records.
NOTE See Annex M for guidance.
19.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations
n is the total number of periods of f ,T .
i
Fi
SF is the safety factor for mean creep rupture strength (see 19.5.1 and 19.5.2)
c
R is the mean 1% creep strain limit at calculation temperature T and lifetime t
p1,0/T / t
R is the mean creep rupture strength at calculation temperature T and lifetime t
m/T / t
NOTE The creep rupture strengths given in harmonised material standards are always mean values.
T is the calculation temperature in °C
t is the specified lifetime in hours (h) of the pressure vessel (see 19.4)
t is the duration (h) of the i-th period, during which the fictitious design stress f acts
i Fi
at the calculation temperature T .
i
7
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t is the allowable time (h) to damage (caused by creep rupture or creep strain) for the
D,f ,T
Fi i
material at fictitious design stress f and temperature T , taken from the creep design curve or
i
Fi
formula (19-11) respectively.
t is the allowable time (h) to reach the 1% creep strain limit for the material at fictitious
P,f ,T
Fi i
design stress f and temperature T calculated according to formula (19-20).
i
Fi
t is the allowable time (h) to creep rupture for the material at fictitious design stress f
Fi
R,f ,T
Fi i
and temperature T calculated according to formula (19-12) or (19-17) respectively.
i
f is the fictitious design stress for creep design of the i-th period, as defined in 19.8.2.
Fi
f is the nominal design stress based solely on time independent behaviour, as defined in
nc
19.5.1
z is the weld creep strength reduction factor, as defined in 19.6.
c
19.4 Design in the creep range
This sub-clause applies for the design by formula in Clauses 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15 and 16 with the
exception of bolts according to Clause 11 and 12 and the exception of compressive stresses in 16.14.
For Clauses 8, 13, 14, 16.14 and Annexes G and J the design in the creep range is only applicable as
far as the modulus of elasticity is known in the creep range. In this case in Clause 8 the minimum yield
R
p1,0 /T / t
strength R has to be replaced by .
p0,2/T
1,3
When the vessel has to be designed for a single creep load case only: the design procedure
described in 19.8.1 shall be used. This procedure is based on use of the nominal design stress
defined in 19.5. For determination of that nominal design stress, the lifetime t = 100.000 h shall
be used if no lifetime t is specified.
When the vessel has to be designed for multiple creep load cases: the design procedure based
on cumulative damage described in 19.8.2 shall be used. Alternatively, a simplified and
conservative design may also be made, using the procedure described in 19.8.1, replacing the
various applied creep load cases by a unique one whose temperature shall be the highest among
all individual creep load cases and whose duration shall be the total of that of all individual creep
load cases.
In both procedures, the weld joint factor shall be modified by the weld creep strength reduction factor
according to 19.6.
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19.5 Nominal Design stress in the creep range
19.5.1 Case where no lifetime monitoring is provided
19.5.1.1 General
R
m /T/ t
f = min f ; ;R (19-1)
nc p1,0 /T/ t
SF
c
where:
SF = 1,5
c
Determination of f shall be made in accordance with Clause 6, with the following provisions:
nc
For calculation temperatures T not exceeding by more than 200 °C the highest temperature T
H
f
at which material characteristics are available in the material standard, extrapolated values of
nc
can be taken as given in Annex S.
For calculation temperatures T >T + 200 °C the nominal design stress f shall be ignored in
H nc
formula (19-1) and the further terms in this formula shall be determined for a lifetime not shorter
than the lowest lifetime for which material creep characteristics are available in the material
standard.
NOTE The extrapolated values given in Annex S for T > T + 200°C are useful only for determination of
H
the hydrotest pressure (See 10.5.3.3 in EN 13445-5:2002)
19.5.1.2 Case where material creep characteristics are available for the specified lifetime but
not for the calculation temperature
19.5.1.2.1 General
In the case where for the calculation temperature T no mean creep rupture strength or no mean 1%
creep strain limit is available in the harmonised materials standard, the interpolation formulae (19-3),
(19-4) or (19-5), (19-6) respectively may be used (or the value in the harmonised material standard for
the higher temperature may be used as a conservative value) to determine the appropriate creep
characteristics.
If the calculation temperature is higher than the highest temperature for which a mean creep rupture
strength or a mean 1 % creep strain limit is available, application of Clause 19 is not permitted.
19.5.1.2.2 Mean creep rupture strength
R ⋅ (T −T )+ R ⋅ (T −T )
m/T / t 2 m/T / t 1
1 2
R = for T -T ≤ 20 °C (19-2)
2 1
m /T/ t
(T −T )
2 1
Z
R
R
m/T / t
2
= ⋅ for T -T > 20 °C (19-3)
R R
2 1
m /T/ t m/T / t
R
1
m/T / t
1
where:
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EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
lgT − lgT
1
Z = with: lg= log (19-4)
10
R
lgT − lgT
2 1
T is the nearest temperature below T for which a mean creep rupture strength is available in the
1
harmonised material standard
T is the nearest temperature above T for which a mean creep rupture strength is available in the
2
harmonised material standard
19.5.1.2.3 Mean 1% creep strain limit
R ⋅(T −T )+ R ⋅(T −T )
p1,0/T / t 2 p1,0/T / t 1
1 2
R = for T -T ≤ 20 °C (19-5)
2 1
p1,0/T/t
(T −T )
2 1
Z
P
R
p1,0/T /t
2
R = R ⋅ for T -T > 20 °C (19-6)
2 1
p1,0/T/t p1,0/T /t
1 R
p1,0/T /t
1
where:
lgT − lgT
1
Z = with: lg= log
10
P
lgT − lgT
2 1
T is the nearest temperature below T for which a mean 1 % creep strain limit is available in the
1
harmonised material standard
T is the nearest temperature above T for which a mean 1 % creep strain limit is available in the
2
harmonised material standard.
19.5.1.3 Case where material creep characteristics are available for the calculation
temperature (including cases where these values are calculated by 19.5.1.2) but not for the
specified lifetime t
19.5.1.3.1 General
In the case where for the specified lifetime t no mean creep rupture strength value or no mean 1 %
creep strain limit is available in the harmonised material standard the interpolation formula (19-7) or
(19-9) respectively may be used (or the value in the harmonised material standard for a lifetime longer
than the specified lifetime can be used as a conservative value) to determine the appropriate creep
characteristics.
In the case where the specified lifetime t is longer than the highest lifetime for which a mean creep
rupture strength is available in the harmonised materials standard, the extrapolation method given in
the informative Annex R may be applied.
In the case where the specified lifetime t is longer than the highest lifetime for which a mean 1 %
creep strain limit is available in the harmonised material standard, the value for the highest lifetime
for which a mean 1% creep strain limit is available shall be used in formula (19-1).
NOTE In the case of the last paragraph, the accumulated creep strain may exceed the 1% limit before the
end of the lifetime.
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EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
19.5.1.3.2 Mean creep rupture strength
X
R
R
m/T/ t
B
R = R ⋅ (19-7)
m/T/ t m/T/ t
A R
m/T/ t
A
where:
lgt − lgt
A
X = with: lg= log (19-8)
10
R
lgt − lgt
B A
R is the mean creep rupture strength for the nearest lifetime t below t for which a mean
m/T /t A
A
creep rupture strength is available
R is the mean creep rupture strength for the nearest lifetime t above t for which a mean
m/T /t B
B
creep rupture strength is available
In the case where the specified lifetime t is shorter than the lowest lifetime for which a mean creep
rupture strength is available in the material standard, then the following terms may be used in
formulae (19-7) and (19-8) respectively:
R and R are the mean creep rupture strengths for the two shortest lifetimes t and
m/T /t m/T /t A
A B
t for which a mean creep rupture strength is available
B
An alternative method for extrapolation to shorter time is given in Annex R.
19.5.1.3.3 Mean 1 % creep strain limit
X
P
R
p1,0/T/ t
B
R = R ⋅ (19-9)
p1,0 /T/ t p1,0/T/ t
A R
p1,0/T/ t
A
where:
lgt − lgt
A
X = with: lg= log
10
P
lgt − lgt
B A
t
R is the mean 1 % creep strain limit for the nearest lifetime t below for which a
p1,0 / T / t A
A
mean 1 % creep strain limit is available
R is the mean 1 % creep strain limit for the nearest lifetime t above t for which a
B
p1,0 / T / t
B
mean 1 % creep strain limit is available
In case where the specified lifetime t is shorter than the lowest lifetime for which a mean 1 % creep
strain limit is available in the material standard then the third term (creep strain) within the minimum in
formula (19-1) does not apply.
NOTE In that case the accumulated creep strain may exceed the 1 % limit before the end of the lifetime.
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19.5.1.4 Case where material creep characteristics are available neither for the calculation
temperature nor for the specified lifetime:
In the case where values for creep characteristics are not available in the material standard for both
the calculation temperature T and the specified lifetime t , the nominal design stress shall be
determined using 19.5.1.2 first and 19.5.1.3 afterwards.
A typical form for the creep design curve showing the nominal design stress f as a function of lifetime
t and calculation temperature T is shown in Figure 19.1.
Key:
1) maximum time t = 2⋅ t for which linear log-log extrapolation versus time is
R,T ,max B
i
allowed
2) longest time t for which time depending creep strength data are available in the materials
B
standard
a) curve of time dependent material characteristics
b) curve of short time (time independent) material characteristics
Figure 19.1 - Typical creep design curves for explanation of the method
19.5.2 Case where lifetime monitoring is provided
Nominal design stress in the creep range shall be calculated using formula (19-10):
R
m/T/t
f = min f ; (19-10)
nc
SF
c
where:
SF = 1,25
c
NOTE See informative Annex M for monitoring.
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EN 13445-3:2002/A1:2007 (E)
19.6 Weld joint factor in the creep range
In the creep range, the value of the weld joint factor z to be used in the relevant design formulae shall
be that defined in Table 5.6-1 multiplied by the weld creep strength reduction factor z .
c
NOTE For vessels working in the creep range the testing sub-groups 1c and 3c only are allowed, see EN
13445-5:2002.
The values for the weld creep strength reduction factor shall be:
z = 1,0 determined by tests according to Annex C of EN 13445-2:2002 if the conditions for the
c
value 1 are fulfilled
z < 1,0 determined by tests according to Annex C of EN 13445-2:2002 if the conditions for the
c
value 1 are not fulfilled
z = 0,8 otherwise, except for specific cases
...
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