SIST-TS CEN/TS 16384:2013
(Main)Synthetic sport systems - Leaching test
Synthetic sport systems - Leaching test
This Technical Specification specifies testing methods concerning the release from synthetic sport systems for outdoor of substances in ground water, surface water and drainage water by performing a dedicated leaching test on a sample of a "synthetic sport" system for outdoor.
In addition this Technical Specification provides tools for a relative leaching assessment of system's components (e.g. granules) of different origin or nature.
This Technical Specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Synthetische Sportsysteme - Auslaugungsprüfung
Mittels einer an einer Probe eines synthetischen Sportsystems durchgeführten, eigenen Auslaugungs¬prüfung spezifiziert diese Norm Prüfverfahren bezüglich der Abgabe von Substanzen aus einem synthetischen Sport-system für den Außenbereich an Grundwasser, Oberflächenwasser und ausgeleitetem Wasser.
Zusätzlich stellt diese Norm Instrumente für eine relative Auslaugungsbewertung bei Systembestandteilen unterschiedlicher Herkunft oder Beschaffenheit (z. B. Granulate) bereit.
Diese Norm erhebt nicht den Anspruch, sämtliche mit der Nutzung entstehenden, eventuell vorhandene Sicherheitsaspekte zu behandeln. Es liegt in der Verantwortlichkeit des Nutzers, angemessene Vorgehens-weisen hinsichtlich Sicherheit und Gesundheit vor der Anwendung einzuführen sowie festzulegen, inwieweit behördliche Auflagen zutreffen.
Systèmes sportifs synthétiques - Essai de lixiviation
La présente Spécification technique définit des méthodes d'essai concernant le relargage de substances issues des systèmes sportifs synthétiques de plein air dans les eaux souterraines, les eaux de surface et les eaux de drainage en réalisant un essai de lixiviation dédié sur un échantillon de système « sportif synthétique » de plein air.
Elle fournit également des outils pour réaliser une évaluation relative de lixiviation de composants d'un système (granulats par exemple) d'origine ou de nature différents.
La présente Spécification technique n’a pas pour but de traiter tous les problèmes de sécurité qui sont, le cas échéant, liés à son utilisation. Il est de la responsabilité de l'utilisateur de la présente Spécification technique d'établir les pratiques de santé et de sécurité appropriées et de déterminer, avant son utilisation, les limites réglementaires applicables.
Sintetični športni sistemi - Preskus izluževanja
Ta tehnična specifikacija določa preskusne metode v zvezi z izpusti snovi iz sintetičnih športnih sistemov za zunanjo uporabo v podtalnico, površinske vode in drenažne vode z ustreznim preskusom izluževanja na vzorcu sintetičnega športnega sistema za zunanjo uporabo. Poleg tega ta tehnična specifikacija zagotavlja orodja za relativno oceno izluževanja sestavnih delov sistema (npr. granul) različnega izvora ali lastnosti. Ta tehnična specifikacija ne obravnava vseh morebitnih varnostnih težav, ki se nanašajo na njeno uporabo. Za vzpostavitev ustreznih varnostnih in zdravstvenih praks ter za določitev uporabnosti regulativnih omejitev pred uporabo je odgovoren uporabnik tega standarda.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16384:2013
01-februar-2013
6LQWHWLþQLãSRUWQLVLVWHPL3UHVNXVL]OXåHYDQMD
Synthetic sport systems - Leaching test
Synthetische Sportsysteme - Auslaugungsprüfung
Systèmes sportifs synthétiques - Essai de lixiviation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16384:2012
ICS:
97.220.10 Športni objekti Sports facilities
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16384:2013 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 16384:2013
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 16384
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
August 2012
ICS 97.220.10
English Version
Synthetic sport systems - Leaching test
Systèmes sportifs synthétiques - Essai de lixiviation Synthetische Sportsysteme - Auslaugungsprüfung
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 17 June 2012 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16384:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Symbols and abbreviations .6
5 Principle .7
6 Apparatus and reagents .7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Tank .7
6.3 Watering system .7
6.4 Choice and quantity of tested materials . 10
7 Procedure . 10
7.1 Testing conditions . 10
7.1.1 Frequency/duration of the spraying/non-spraying periods and the flow rate . 10
7.1.2 Experiment duration . 11
7.1.3 Kind of sprayed water as leachant. 11
7.1.4 Taking and sampling of collected percolates . 11
7.1.5 Temperature and humidity conditions and storage . 11
7.2 Preliminary tests . 11
8 Synthetic sport systems for outdoor with no permeability capabilities . 11
9 Performance characteristics . 12
10 Report . 12
10.1 General . 12
10.2 Sample preparation and testing facility . 12
10.3 Production of leachate . 12
10.4 Characterisation of leachates . 12
10.5 Presentation of the test results . 13
Annex A (normative) Test of component (e.g. granule) of a synthetic sport system for outdoor
use . 14
A.1 Introduction . 14
A.2 Indirect methods with percolation and wet-dry sequences . 14
A.3 Indirect methods with percolation and without wet-dry sequences (column test) . 15
A.3.1 General . 15
A.3.2 Principle . 15
A.3.3 Apparatus and reagents . 15
A.3.4 Procedure . 16
A.3.5 Test report . 20
A.4 Indirect methods without percolation and without wet-dry sequences (one stage batch
test) . 21
A.4.1 General . 21
A.4.2 Procedure . 21
Annex B (informative) Construction specification for the testing apparatus . 22
B.1 General . 22
B.2 Tank . 22
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B.3 Spaying feed . 23
B.4 Watering system . 24
B.5 Preparation of synthetic sport . 25
B.6 Nozzle . 27
Bibliography . 28
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Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16384:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 217 “Sport
surfaces”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
To respond to the needs of buyers, end users and installers of synthetic sport systems for outdoor as well as
to respond to the needs of producers of granulate as system constituents, CEN/TC 217 Working Group
"Environmental Aspects" (WG 10) has worked on the following principles:
Firstly, define a laboratory test designed to assess the release of substances in ground water from a complete
"synthetic sport system for outdoor". The method of this test is based on the principle of large-scale in-situ
tests (lysimeters). This test uses a sample of a sport surface similar to the sample used for laboratory type
tests and representative of the system that will be installed.
Secondly, make it possible for integrators to assess specific leaching characteristics of relevant components
and anticipate the results of the above laboratory test, specifying testing standards for a relative leaching
assessment of system’s constituents of different origins or nature, for instance granules (see Annex A).
NOTE This Technical Specification is based on the available knowledge and expertise. It is expected that it will be
used in a harmonised way by the European Laboratories during the first three-years period and that this will result in an
extended experience. Based on such experience, it is expected that the Technical Specification could be improved and
transformed into an EN standard.
This document includes one normative annex and one informative annex. Additional information will be found
in a guidance document in preparation.
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1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies testing methods concerning the release from synthetic sport systems for
outdoor of substances in ground water, surface water and drainage water by performing a dedicated leaching
test on a sample of a "synthetic sport" system for outdoor.
In addition, this Technical Specification provides tools for a relative leaching assessment of system's
components (e.g. granules) of different origin or nature.
This Technical Specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use – specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
EN ISO 5667-3, Water quality – Sampling – Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water
samples (ISO 5667-3)
EN 12506, Characterization of waste – Analysis of eluates – Determination of pH, As, Ba, Cd, Cl-, Co, Cr, Cr
Vl, Cu, Mo, Ni, NO2-, Pb, total S, SO42-, V and Zn
EN 13370, Characterization of waste – Analysis of eluates – Determination of Ammonium, AOX, conductivity,
Hg, phenol index, TOC, easily liberatable CN-, F-
EN 14877, Synthetic surfaces for outdoor sports areas – Specification
EN 15330-1, Surfaces for sports areas – Synthetic turf and needle-punched surfaces primarily designed for
outdoor use – Part 1 : specification for synthetic turf
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition applies.
3.1
synthetic sport system
system above groundwater level used as "synthetic sport" and incorporating all the components needed
between the support layer and the atmosphere
4 Symbols and abbreviations
None
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5 Principle
The principle of this test is to simulate the phenomena observed on outdoor synthetic sport systems. It
ensures, in particular, a short contact time between the synthetic sport system and water, corresponding to
the draining function of this surfaces. The spraying system is conventionally adjusted to alternate particularly
dry and wet periods. Prior to the test performance, the sample may be submitted to standardised aging.
Therefore in the testing report, it has to be noted if the sample was subjected to aging or not. If the sample
was subjected to aging, the test used for the aging has to be mentioned as well.
NOTE The sample is of the same type as the one used for mechanical test and ensures testing on significant
quantities of tested materials (EN 15306).
6 Apparatus and reagents
6.1 General
This clause defines the apparatus and reagent to be used. This is mainly done in normative terms. Therefore
the informative Annex B provides an example of apparatus that meet the requirements specified in this clause.
6.2 Tank
The tank (see Figure 1) and the vertical supports that allow the adjustment of rods and guide rods of the
watering ramp are made of stainless steel or polycarbonate. The materials and fabrication method has to be
such that the result of the blank test fulfils the requirements specified in 7.2. The tank dimensions are as
follows: L = 800 mm (+/- 5 mm), W = 400 mm (+/- 5 mm), H = 150 mm and 160 mm (to slope the bottom a
little) similar to the dimensions in EN 15306. A hole is drilled at the bottom point for the passage of the
percolate drain pipe.
6.3 Watering system
The watering system is aiming at wetting in an homogeneous way the sample by means of a spraying system
(see Figures 1 and 2) which consists of 8 full cone spraying nozzles attached to each of the guiding rods.
These nozzles are selected and arranged so that
a) the diameter of the spray on the sample surface has a diameter of 200 mm – 250 mm in order to obtain a
complete coverage (see Figure 3).
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Key
1 dosing pump
2 core tuning
3 watering ramp
4 adjustment height
5 water reserve tank
6 percolates recovery recipient
7 "artificial turf" system
8 stainless steel grid
9 stainless steel tank (80 cm x 40 cm)
Figure 1 — Functional diagram - Longitudinal view (informative)
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Figure 2 — Functional diagram - Transverse view (informative)
b) The spraying system is fed by a moving device (see Figure 1) either a dosing pump connected to a
storage tank of water or a pressurised (with clean compressed air) storage tank of water. The water flow
shall be maintained at the required flow ± 10 %.
c) The required flow shall be achieved with a water pressure at the spray nozzle in the range 1,4 bar –
1,6 bar, without visible haze. A cover may be used to minimise air draught and water carry over.
d) The quality of this water shall be in accordance with the following specification: Distilled water,
demineralised water, de-ionised water or water of equivalent purity with a conductivity < 0,5 mS/m
according to grade 3 specified in EN ISO 3696, and exhibiting a pH in a narrower range (6,5 < pH< 7,5)
than the range of grade 3 specified in EN ISO 3696. If needed a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide may
be used to adapt the pH range.
NOTE 1 This specification is defined as a convention relevant for the exposure of synthetic sport system. The
experimental set up specified in this Technical Specification allows a relevant selection of the leachant since it is
continuously renewed and therefore exposing the sample to the same liquid quality during the whole test. In order to
secure repeatable and comparable results a selection of leachant should be made. The above specification is used in
several CEN leaching standards with pH range (5 < pH < 7,5) which do not influence the leaching results under permanent
and long lasting contact with the leachant. Such leaching tests are aiming at an equilibrium generally imposed by the
sample. For synthetic sport systems a narrower pH range is needed (6,5 < pH < 7,5). The reason is that the pH is not
influenced significantly during the short and intermittent contact with the leachant, due to the main function of the synthetic
sport system securing a very fast water drainage.
NOTE 2 An impact of the surface tension of the leachant has been reported. It is therefore wise to determine and
report this surface tension.
The "synthetic sport" system is laid on top of the stainless steel grid.
This grid is designed in order to avoid immersion of the synthetic sport sample and to facilitate drainage.
The selected spray nozzles shall have a maximum spraying angle of 110° (full cone angle) and a minimum
spraying angle of 40° (full cone angle). This corresponds to a minimum height between the spray nozzles and
the sport surface.
Qualification tests shall be carried out on the apparatus to verify that the spray pattern is homogeneous over
the entire surface by checking the flow rate of each spray nozzle (e.g. by placing cups on the sport surface).
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Figure 3 — Functional diagram - Spraying surface (informative)
A "blank test" is to be performed without the synthetic sport system to verify that the impact of the apparatus
on the percolates is significantly below the regular test results.
6.4 Choice and quantity of tested materials
The tested system is representative for the system defined by the system supplier. It integrates all the
components used on a “synthetic sport” system as specified by the system supplier.
For example, for a synthetic sport system for outdoor and with performance infill, the elements to be
considered are the following:
• The fibres, backing and coating: The sample integrates a white strip (marking line on the grounds)
and the glue if it is present on the marketed system.
• The performance infill: To ensure the representativeness of the material, a representative sample
has to be taken.
• The stabilising infill: To guarantee representativeness, the tested sample shall be representative of
the production intended for the “synthetic sport” system
• The shockpad: The dimensions 800 mm x 400 mm are assumed to be representative of the
production intended for a large-scale “synthetic sport” system.
7 Procedure
7.1 Testing conditions
7.1.1 Frequency/duration of the spraying/non-spraying periods and the flow rate
2
For a week there are two days without spraying and five days with spray twice a day (each of 10 L/m i.e. 3,2
L = 0,4 L per nozzle and per spray) with the non-spraying period of each day being at least 6 h and less than
6 h and 15 min. The duration of each spraying period shall be at least 45 s and less than 120 s
NOTE This amount can be split over two weeks. Each week would consist of five consecutive days with spraying
and two days without spraying and consequently without collection of percolate. For each day there would be two sprays,
2
each of 10 L/m (i.e. 3,2 L) with the non-spraying period of each day being at least 6 h and less than 6 h and 15 min.
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7.1.2 Experiment duration
The duration of the experiment is two weeks
NOTE The number of weeks should take into account the time needed in the field to reach a "plateau" in the release.
For instance a French study has shown a stabilisation of the results after a duration of 3 months. Also to be noted that,
2
assuming 15 kg/m of granules, the liquid/solid ratio will be 13 after these two weeks].
7.1.3 Kind of sprayed water as leachant
The kind of sprayed water as leachant should be as specified in 6.2.
7.1.4 Taking and sampling of collected percolates
A liquid sample is taken from the 64 l in the collecting tank, in accordance with EN ISO 5667-3 at the end of
the second week, between 15 min and 30 min after the last spraying period, for analysis in accordance with
EN 12506 and EN 13370. Additionally samples can be taken during each spray and analysed separately to
verify the stabilisation over time.
NOTE 1 In the analytical standard EN 12506, standardised analytical methods are selected for the determination of pH,
As, Ba, Cd, Cl-, Co, Cr, Cr Vl, Cu, Mo, Ni, NO2-, Pb, total S, SO42-, V and Zn. In the analytical standard EN 13370,
standardised analytical methods are selected for the determination of Ammonium, AOX, conductivity, Hg, phenol index,
TOC, easily liberatable CN-, F-. An example of selected analytical method is EN ISO 11885. In the preparation standard
EN 15002, guidance is given on the preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample i.e. the sample collected on
the testing device as specified above.
NOTE 2 The above notes do not mean that all the above substance are to be determined. They only mean that there are
available analytical methods for determining such substances that are specified in the prevailing regulation or in the test
specification given by the customer to the testing laboratory.
7.1.5 Temperature and humidity conditions and storage
Laboratory temperature 23 °C ± 2 °C with relative humidity 50 % ± 5 % and water to be sprayed 23 °C ± 2 °C.
The components have to be stored in the laboratory at least for 12 h before the start of the test.
7.2 Preliminary tests
Blank test: A full test will be held without the synthetic sport system sample to check that the impact of the
apparatus on the percolates will be less than 10 % of the test result. The water collected will be analysed
accordingly.
NOTE 1 In case of positive consecutive blank tests, a blank test may be omitted. However a subsequent negative
blank test would compromise the regular test(s) not immediately following a blank test.
Before the start of the test, the synthetic sport system shall be sprayed with three spraying periods without
stops.
NOTE 2 It has been considered that this amount will be for most cases enough so that saturation is reached and so
that a stabilised flow is reached at the outlet of the system.
8 Synthetic sport systems for outdoor with no permeability capabilities
In case when the synthetic sport system for outdoor exhibit no draining capabilities in accordance with
EN 14877 and EN 15330-1, the test specified in the above clauses shall be used with a slope of 1 %. One of
the side of 40 cm is selected to be the higher point while the other one is complemented with a grove to collect
the running water that is not penetrating the sample of synthetic sport system.
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9 Performance characteristics
When this document was adopted by CEN, the test specified in the document had not been validated and no
data on robustness, repeatability and reproducibility was available.
10 Report
10.1 General
In order to comply with this Technical Specification, the following information shall be documented in such a
way that they are immediately available on request. In the following list, at least, the items marked with an
asterisk (*) shall be included in the test report. All the deviation from the minimum requirements of this
Technical Specification shall also be documented in the test report.
10.2 Sample preparation and testing facility
• Reference to this Technical Specification*;
• Description of the testing facility;
• Nature and specification of the synthetic sport system tested*;
• Date of reception in the laboratory of the material needed to prepare the test sample (synthetic sport
system) to be tested*;
• Address of the laboratory and name(s) of the responsible person(s)*;
• Date of the preparation of the test sample for the leaching test;
• Statement of no aging before the test or any aging regime the sample has been subjected to before the
test;
• Storage conditions between preparation of the test sample and the implementation of the leaching test.
10.3 Production of leachate
• Address of the laboratory and name(s) of the responsible person(s)* ;
• Sequences of watering and dates at which leachate sample are taken* ;
• Temperature at which the test was conducted ;
• Surface tension of the leachant water.
10.4 Characterisation of leachates
• Results of immediate measurements (pH* value, conductivity*, temperature* and redox) ;
• Conditioning method and storage conditions for the further analysis of the eluate, especially acidification,
dilution…etc ;
• The analytical report specified in the standards dedicated to such analysis shall be incorporated, including
the date of analysis, the storage conditions until the analysis is performed, the quantification limit of the
analytical method being used, the address of the laboratory and name(s) of operator(s).
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10.5 Presentation of the test results
• Concentration in mg of the constituents released per litre eluate with reference to the testing conditions.
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Annex A
(normative)
Test of component (e.g. granule) of a synthetic sport system
for outdoor use
A.1 Introduction
As indicated in the introduction of this Technical Specification, this annex describes three procedures that
have been proposed for a relative leaching assessment of system’s components (e.g. granules) of different
origins or nature. This is intended on the one hand to facilitate production control of components and on the
other hand to make possible for integrators to anticipate the results of the "reference" method described in the
main part of this standard. Use of such indirect method requires that in the framework of this standard
appropriate information is available on their comparability/traceability to the standardised "reference" method
described in the main part of this standard.
NOTE 1 In the framework of this Technical Specification, these methods provides relative leaching assessment by
establishing a typical "no change" situation in production control or in changing the type of granules. However, this
information may be misleading if the indirect method is not sensitive enough to the real changes being considered.
NOTE 2 In the "reference" method described in the main part of this Techni
...
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