SIST EN 15304:2010
(Main)Determination of the freeze-thaw resistance of autoclaved aerated concrete
Determination of the freeze-thaw resistance of autoclaved aerated concrete
This document specifies a method of determining the freeze-thaw resistance of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) manufactured according to EN 12602 or EN 771-4.
Bestimmung des Frost-Tau-Widerstandes von dampfgehärtetem Porenbeton
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Frost-Tau-Widerstandes von dampfgehärtetem Porenbeton, der nach EN 12602 oder EN 771-4 hergestellt wird, fest.
Détermination de la résistance au gel/dégel du béton cellulaire autoclavé
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de détermination de la résistance au gel/dégel du béton cellulaire autoclavé (AAC) fabriqué conformément à l'EN 12602 ou à l’EN 771-4.
Določanje obstojnosti avtoklaviranega celičastega betona proti zamrzovanju-tajanju
Ta dokument določa metodo določevanja obstojnosti avtoklaviranega celičastega betona (AAC) proti zamrzovanju-tajanju, proizvedenega v skladu z EN 12602 ali EN 771-4.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.PU]RYDQMXWDMDQMXBestimmung des Frost-Tau-Widerstandes von dampfgehärtetem PorenbetonDétermination de la résistance au gel/dégel du béton cellulaire autoclavéDetermination of the freeze-thaw resistance of autoclaved aerated concrete91.100.30Beton in betonski izdelkiConcrete and concrete productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15304:2010SIST EN 15304:2010en,fr01-september-2010SIST EN 15304:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15304:20081DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 15304:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15304
March 2010 ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 15304:2007English Version
Determination of the freeze-thaw resistance of autoclaved aerated concrete
Détermination de la résistance au gel/dégel du béton cellulaire autoclavé
Bestimmung des Frost-Tau-Widerstandes von dampfgehärtetem Porenbeton This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 January 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15304:2010: ESIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .31Scope .42Normative references .43Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .43.1Superscripts and subscripts .43.2Symbols .43.2.1Symbols used in the main body of the standard .43.2.2Symbols specific to Annex A .54Principle .65Apparatus .66Test specimens .66.1Sample .66.2Shape and size of the test specimens .76.3Number of test specimens .76.4Preparation of test specimens .76.5Measurement of test specimens and determination of their volume .86.6Conditioning of test specimens .87Testing procedure.87.1Freeze-thaw test .87.2Determination of actual moisture content and dry density of AAC .98Test results .98.1Calculation of dry density .98.2Calculation of moisture content . 108.3Calculation of mass loss . 109Test report . 11Annex A (informative)
Determination of the loss in compressive strength in addition to the loss in mass . 13A.1General . 13A.2Test specimens . 13A.2.1Number of test specimens . 13A.2.2Preparation of test specimens . 13A.3Testing procedure. 13A.3.1Freeze-thaw tests . 13A.3.2Conditioning of the test specimens for compression test after the freeze-thaw cycles. 13A.3.3Compression test. 14A.4Test results . 14A.4.1Calculation of loss of compressive strength of main test specimens . 14A.4.2Determination of mass loss . 15A.4.3Calculation of dry density . 16A.4.4Calculation of moisture content . 16Annex B (informative)
Flow chart of freeze-thaw test . 17Bibliography . 19 Figures Figure 1 – Cutting scheme .8Figure B.1– Cutting scheme . 17 SIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15304:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 177 “Prefabricated reinforced components of autoclaved aerated concrete or lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 15304:2007. The main changes with respect to EN 15304:2007 are listed below: a) the clause "Definitions, symbols and abbreviations" has been added; b) the normative references have been updated; c) tolerances have been added to improve the ease of application; d) the calculation of moisture content has been expanded; e) the requirements for the test report have been expanded; f) the determination of mass loss, calculation of dry density and calculation of moisture content have been clarified. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies a method of determining the freeze-thaw resistance of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) manufactured according to EN 12602 or EN 771-4. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 678, Determination of the dry density of autoclaved aerated concrete EN 1353, Determination of moisture content of autoclaved aerated concrete EN 12390-4, Testing hardened concrete — Part 4: Compressive strength — Specification for testing machines 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Superscripts and subscripts m main test specimen (superscript) r reference test specimen (superscript) i identification number of the test specimen (subscript) 3.2 Symbols 3.2.1 Symbols used in the main body of the standard ri,0m
measured initial moist mass of the reference test specimen i immediately after removal from polythene bag (or similar) rni,m
measured moist mass of the reference test specimen i representing the state immediately after completion of n freeze-thaw cycles (should be equal to ri,0m) rnid,m measured oven-dry mass of the reference test specimen i immediately after completion of n freeze-thaw cycles of the main test specimens mi,0m
measured initial moist mass of the main test specimen i immediately after removal from polythene bag (or similar) prior to commencing the freeze-thaw cycles mni,m
moist mass of the main test specimen i immediately after completion of n freeze-thaw cycles mid,0m equivalent oven-dry mass of the main test specimen i immediately after removal from the polythene bag (or similar) mnid,m measured oven-dry mass of the main test specimen i immediately after completion of n freeze-thaw cycles SIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 5 ri,0µ moisture content of the reference test specimen i immediately after removal from polythene bag (or similar) mi,0µ
moisture content of the main test specimen i immediately after removal from polythene bag or similar (assumed to be equal tori,0µ) mni,µ
moisture content of the main test specimen i immediately after completion of n freeze-thaw cycles (at the end of the freeze-thaw test) miL
loss in oven-dry mass of the main test specimen i after completion of n freeze-thaw cycles 3.2.2 Symbols specific to Annex A rfai,m
measured moist mass of the fragments of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) reference test specimen i immediately after the compression test rfdi,m measured oven-dry mass of the fragments of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) reference test specimen i tested on compression mn2i,m
measured moist mass of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) main test specimen i after finalisation of the n freeze-thaw cycles and after water immersion, immediately before testing of compressive strength (if grinding is needed, before that) mfai,m measured moist mass of the fragments of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) main test specimen i immediately after the compression test mfdi,m measured oven-dry mass of the fragments of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) main test specimen i tested on compression rnai,µ
calculated moisture content of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) reference test specimen i immediately after compression test (assumed to be equal to the moisture content directly before compression test) mnai,µ
calculated moisture content of the saturated (see A.3.2.2) main test specimen i after finalisation of the n freeze-thaw cycles, immediately after compression test mnci,f
individual value of the compressive strength of the main test specimen i after the specified number of cycles (n) and subsequent conditioning according to A.3.2.1 or A.3.2.2, in megapascals rnci,f
individual value of the compressive strength of the appropriate reference test specimen i , conditioned in the same manner (according to A.3.2.1 or A.3.2.2) and tested at the same time as the corresponding main test specimen, in megapascals relci,f relative decrease of compressive strength of the main test specimen i as a percentage of the initial compressive strength SIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 6 4 Principle Cubic test specimens (two equal groups consisting of main test specimens and reference test specimens) are cut from products sampled from normal production, saturated in water for (48 ± 1) h, removed and then placed in polythene bags or similar protecting against drying for (24 ± 1) h to equilibrate.
The main test specimens are subjected to repeated freezing at (–15 ± 2) °C for at least 8 h followed by thawing in an environment of > 95 % relative humidity and (20 ± 2) °C for at least 8 h. The reference test specimens are stored in a climatic chamber at (20 ± 5) °C in conditions that prevent drying of the AAC during storage. After the specified number of freeze-thaw cycles (not less than 15), the mass loss of the main test specimens is determined. The dry density and moisture content is also determined on the reference test specimens. If the loss in compressive strength is also required to be determined, then Annex A should be followed. NOTE Depending on the conditions at the place of use, the number of freeze-thaw cycles and requirements for limit values of loss in mass and compressive strength can be specified by national provisions.
5 Apparatus 5.1
Saw with rotating carborundum or diamond blade or similar equipment for cutting test specimens.
5.2
Balance, capable of determining the mass of the test specimens to an accuracy of 0,1 %. 5.3
Callipers, capable of reading the dimensions of the test specimens to an accuracy of 0,1 mm. 5.4
Container, to store the test specimens under water at (20 ± 2) °C. 5.5
Feeler gauge, capable of measuring 0,1 mm, (if required) 0,5 mm and 1 mm. 5.6
Room or cabinet for thawing of the main test specimens able to maintain a relative humidity > 95 % at (20 ± 2) °C. 5.7
Storage room for reference test specimens able to maintain a relative humidity > 95 % at (20 ± 5) °C. 5.8
Freezing chamber with internal air circulation capable of maintaining a uniformly distributed temperature of (–15 ± 2) °C. 5.9
Ventilated drying oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of (105 ± 5) °C.
5.10
Straight edge, at least 200 mm long, and a square. 5.11
Compression testing machine, preferably hydraulically operated, which meets the requirements of
EN 12390-4. NOTE The room according to 5.6 needs not necessarily be humidity-controlled. Alternatively it is possible to substitute moisture losses by 2 h prior to the end of the thawing period placing the main test specimens in underwater storage for 1 h at (20 ± 5) °C and subsequently leaving the test specimens to equilibrate in air for 1 h at (20 ± 5) °C before freezing. This procedure is especially appropriate in combination with automatic systems. It should be ensured that the starting moisture content is not exceeded. 6 Test specimens 6.1 Sample The sample for the preparation of the test specimens shall be taken in such a manner that it is representative of the product to be investigated, and the test specimens shall be cut from the sample as illustrated in Figure 1. SIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 7 6.2 Shape and size of the test specimens The test specimens shall be cubes with an edge length of (100 ± 2) mm. 6.3 Number of test specimens A test set shall consist of 12 test specimens: 6 main test specimens and 6 reference test specimens. The main test specimens are exposed to a specified number of freeze-thaw cycles in accordance with 7.1, and their loss in mass (see 8.3) and, if required, their loss in compressive strength due to this exposure is determined (see A.3 and A.4). The reference test specimens are used for determination of the moisture content of the AAC prior to the freeze-thaw test and of the dry density and, if required, for the determination of the (control) compressive strength. NOTE Prior to the test a control specimen is needed for each AAC type to evaluate the freeze-thaw temperature-time relationship of the test equipment, see 7.1.
6.4 Preparation of test specimens The test specimens shall be cut by means of a rotating diamond or carborundum blade or similar equipment. Their surfaces shall not deviate from planeness by more than 0,5 mm. Planeness shall be checked across the two diagonals using a straight edge and, if necessary, a 0,5 mm feeler gauge. Where test specimens are used for the determination of the compressive strength, their loadbearing surfaces shall not deviate from planeness by more than 0,1 mm and the angle between the loadbearing surfaces and adjacent surfaces shall not deviate from a right angle by more than 1 mm/100 mm. If necessary, the latter shall be checked along both orthogonal middle axes of the loadbearing surfaces by means of a square and a 1 mm feeler gauge or similar instrument. NOTE If the loadbearing surfaces of the main test specimens determined for the compression test are pitted after completion of freeze-thaw cycles, they should be ground to a flatness of 0,1 mm. The position of the test specimens in the material relative to the rise of the mass shall be shown by the numbering, and the direction of rise shall be marked on the test specimens. Equal numbers of test specimens shall be prepared from the upper third of the sample, from the middle and from the lower third in the direction of rise of the mass during manufacture (see Figure 1). The test specimens shall be cut in pairs (main test specimens and reference test specimens) from adjacent areas of the sample to ensure a good comparison. Test specimens shall be suitably referenced and indicated either as main (m) or reference (r). In addition, the position of the test specimens in the unit and the number of the unit shall be marked. SIST EN 15304:2010
EN 15304:2010 (E) 8
Key 1 Direction of rise m Main test specimen r Reference test specimen Figure 1 – Cutting scheme 6.5 Measurement of test specimens and determination of their volume The dimensions of the test specimens shall be measured to an accuracy of 0,1 mm, using callipers. Length, height and width shall be measured in mid height at two opposite sides, and the volume V of the test specimens shall be calculated by multiplying the mean values. 6.6 Conditioning of test specimens After their preparation, the main test specimens and the refer
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