SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
(Main)Digital cellular telecommunications system; Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group receive mode (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1)
Digital cellular telecommunications system; Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group receive mode (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1)
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) gives an overview of the tasks undertaken by a GSM mobile station (MS) when in idle mode, that is, switched on but not having a dedicated channel allocated, e.g. not making or receiving a call. It also describes the corresponding network functions. NOTE: The term GSM MS is used for any type of MS supporting one, or combinations, of the frequency bands specified in GSM 05.05 (e.g. GSM 900 and DCS 1800). This ETS outlines how the requirements of the GSM 02 series Technical Specifications (especially GSM 02.11) on idle mode operation shall be implemented. Further details are given in GSM 04.08 and GSM 05.08. Clause 2 of this ETS gives a general description of the idle mode process. Clause 3 outlines the main requirements and technical solutions of those requirements. Clause 4 describes the processes used in idle mode. There is inevitably some overlap between these clauses.
Digitalni celični telekomunikacijski sistem – Funkcije v zvezi z mobilno postajo (MS) v stanju mirovanja in sprejemanja (GSM 03.22, različica 5.0.1)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Digital cellular telecommunications system; Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group receive mode (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1)33.070.50Globalni sistem za mobilno telekomunikacijo (GSM)Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)ICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:ETS 300 930 Edition 1SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003en01-december-2003SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
EUROPEANETS 300 930TELECOMMUNICATIONMay 1997STANDARDSource: ETSI TC-SMGReference: DE/SMG-030322QICS:33.020Key words:Digital cellular telecommunications system, Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)GLOBAL SYSTEM
FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONSRDigital cellular telecommunications system;Functions related to Mobile Station (MS)in idle mode and group receive mode(GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1)ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards InstituteETSI SecretariatPostal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCEOffice address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCEX.400: c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - Internet: secretariat@etsi.frTel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and theforegoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1997. All rights reserved.SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 2ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 3ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997ContentsForeword.51Scope.71.1Normative references.71.2Definitions and abbreviations.82General description of idle mode.93Requirements and technical solutions.103.1PLMN selection and roaming.103.2Camping on a cell.103.2.1Normal camping.103.2.2"Camp on any cell".113.3Regional provision of service.113.4Borders between location areas.113.5Barred cells and access control.123.5.1Barred cells.123.5.2Prioritizing cells.123.5.2.1For cell selection.123.5.2.2For cell reselection.123.5.3Access control.123.5.4Forbidden LA for regional provision of service.123.6Radio constraints.133.7No suitable cell (limited service state).134Overall process structure.144.1Process goal.144.2States description.144.3List of states.144.3.1List of states for the PLMN selection process.144.3.1.1List of states for automatic mode (figure 2a).144.3.1.2List of states for manual mode (figure 2b).154.3.2List of States for the cell selection process (figure 3).154.3.3List of states for location updating (figure 4).154.4PLMN selection process.164.4.1Introduction.164.4.2Registration on a PLMN.164.4.3PLMN selection.164.4.3.1At switch-on or recovery from lack of coverage.164.4.3.2User reselection.174.4.3.3In VPLMN of home country.184.4.4Abnormal cases.184.4.5Roaming not allowed in this LA.184.5Cell selection process.184.6Location updating process.204.6.1General.204.6.2Initiation of Location Updating.204.6.3Periodic Location Updating.214.6.4IMSI attach/detach operation.214.7Service indication.214.8BCCH allocation broadcasting and storage.224.9Pageability of the mobile subscriber.225Group receive mode.305.1General description.305.2Requirements and technical solutions.305.2.1Network provisions.30SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 4ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 19975.2.2Group receive mode cell monitoring.305.2.3Group receive mode cell change.315.2.4Uplink access in group calls.31History.32SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 5ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997ForewordThis European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Special Mobile Group(SMG) Technical Committee (TC) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).This ETS specifies functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group receive mode withinthe digital cellular telecommunications system.This ETS is a GSM Technical Specification version 5. The ETS from which this ETS has evolved isGSM Phase 2 GSM ETS 300 535 Edition 4 (GSM 03.22 version 4.11.0).The contents of this ETS is subject to continuing work within TC-SMG and may change following formalTC-SMG approval. Should TC-SMG modify the contents of this ETS, it will be resubmitted for OAP byETSI with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:Version 5.x.ywhere:ythe third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in thespecification;xthe second digit is incremented for all other types of changes, i.e. technical enhancements,corrections, updates, etc.The specification from which this ETS has been derived was originally based on CEPT documentation,hence the presentation of this ETS may not be entirely in accordance with the ETSI drafting rules.Transposition datesDate of adoption:4 April 1997Date of latest announcement of this ETS (doa):31 August 1997Date of latest publication of new National Standardor endorsement of this ETS (dop/e):28 February 1998Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow):28 February 1998SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 6ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997Blank pageSIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 7ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 19971ScopeThis European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) gives an overview of the tasks undertaken by a GSMmobile station (MS) when in idle mode, that is, switched on but not having a dedicated channel allocated,e.g. not making or receiving a call, or when in group receive mode, that is, receiving a group call orbroadcast call but not having a dedicated connection. It also describes the corresponding networkfunctions.NOTE:The term GSM MS is used for any type of MS supporting one, or combinations, of thefrequency bands specified in GSM 05.05 (e.g. GSM 900 and DCS 1 800).This ETS outlines how the requirements of the GSM 02 series Technical Specifications (especiallyGSM 02.11) on idle mode operation shall be implemented. Further details are given in GSM 04.08 andGSM 05.08.Clause 2 of this ETS gives a general description of the idle mode process. Clause 3 outlines the mainrequirements and technical solutions of those requirements. Clause 4 describes the processes used inidle mode. There is inevitably some overlap between these clauses. Clause 5 describes the cell changeprocedures for a MS in group receive mode.1.1Normative referencesThis ETS incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listedhereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publicationsapply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, thelatest edition of the publication referred to applies.[1]GSM 01.04 (ETR 350): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+);Abbreviations and acronyms".[2]GSM 02.01: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Principlesof telecommunications services supported by a GSM Public Land MobileNetwork (PLMN)".[3]GSM 02.02 (ETS 300 904): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Bearer Services (BS) supported by a GSM Public Land MobileNetwork (PLMN)".[4]GSM 02.03 (ETS 300 905): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Teleservices supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile Network(PLMN)".[5]GSM 02.04 (ETS 300 918): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); General on supplementary services".[6]GSM 02.06 (ETS 300 919): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Types of Mobile Stations (MS)".[7]GSM 02.07 (ETS 300 906): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Mobile Station (MS) features".[8]GSM 02.09 (ETS 300 920): "Digital cellular telecommunications system;Security aspects".[9]GSM 02.11 (ETS 300 921): "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Serviceaccessibility".[10]GSM 02.16: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; International Mobilestation Equipment Identities (IMEI)".SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 8ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997[11]GSM 02.17 (ETS 300 922): "Digital cellular telecommunications system;Subscriber Identity Modules (SIM); Functional characteristics".[12]GSM 02.24 (ETS 300 923): "Digital cellular telecommunications system;Description of Charge Advice Information (CAI)".[13]GSM 02.30 (ETS 300 907): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Man-Machine Interface (MMI) of the Mobile Station (MS)".[14]GSM 02.40: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Procedures for callprogress indications".[15]GSM 02.41: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Operatordetermined barring".[16]GSM 02.81: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Line identificationSupplementary Services - Stage 1".[17]GSM 02.82: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); CallForwarding (CF) supplementary services - Stage 1".[18]GSM 02.83: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Call Waiting (CW) andCall Hold (HOLD) Supplementary Services - Stage 1".[19]GSM 02.84: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; MultiParty (MPTY)Supplementary Services - Stage 1".[20]GSM 02.85: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Closed User Group(CUG) Supplementary Services - Stage 1".[21]GSM 02.86: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Advice of Charge(AoC) Supplementary Services - Stage 1".[22]GSM 02.88: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Call Barring (CB)Supplementary Services - Stage 1".[23]GSM 04.08 (ETS 300 940): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification".[24]GSM 05.02 (ETS 300 908): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path".[25]GSM 05.08 (ETS 300 911): "Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+); Radio subsystem link control".1.2Definitions and abbreviationsFor the purposes of this ETS, the following definitions apply:Home PLMN: This is a PLMN where the MCC and MNC of the PLMN identity are the same as the MCCand MNC of the IMSI.Selected PLMN: This is the PLMN that has been selected according to subclause 3.1, either manually orautomatically.Available PLMN: This is a PLMN where the MS has found a cell that satisfies conditions (ii) and (iv) ofsubclause 3.2.1.Registered PLMN (RPLMN): This is the PLMN on which certain LU outcomes have occurred (seetable 1).Allowable PLMN: This is a PLMN which is not in the list of forbidden PLMNs in the SIM.SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 9ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997Visited PLMN of home country: This is a PLMN, different from the home PLMN, where the MCC part ofthe PLMN identity is the same as the MCC of the IMSI.Registration: This is the process of camping on a cell of the PLMN and doing any necessary LUs.Camped on a cell: The MS (ME if there is no SIM) has completed the cell selection/reselection processand has chosen a cell from which it plans to receive all available services. Note that the services may belimited, and that the PLMN may not be aware of the existence of the MS (ME) within the chosen cell.Current serving cell: This is the cell on which the MS is camped.Suitable Cell: This is a cell on which an MS may camp. It must satisfy criteria (i) to (iv) of subclause 3.2.1.For an MS in group receive mode, the suitable cell is determined by the criteria defined in subclause 5.2.3.Acceptable Cell: This is a cell that the MS may camp on to make emergency calls. It must satisfy criteria(ii) and (iv) of subclause 3.2.1.Group call: A communication in which several MSs can receive, but at most one may be allowed totransmit on a radio channel. Examples of group calls are those established for the voice group call service(VGCS, see GSM 03.68).Broadcast call: A communication in which several MSs can receive, but only the originator of the call isallowed to transmit on the radio channel. Examples of the broadcast call are those established for thevoice broadcast service (VBS, see GSM 03.69).Group receive mode: State of the MS when it is engaged in a group or broadcast call as a listener.The PLMN to which a cell belongs (PLMN identity) is given in the system information transmitted on theBCCH (MCC + MNC part of LAI).Abbreviations used in this ETS are listed in GSM 01.04.2General description of idle modeWhen an MS is switched on, it attempts to make contact with a GSM public land mobile network (PLMN).The particular PLMN to be contacted may be selected either automatically or manually. The MS looks fora suitable cell of the chosen PLMN and chooses that cell to provide available services, and tunes to itscontrol channel (BCCH plus CCCH). This choosing is known as "camping on the cell". The MS will thenregister its presence in the location area (LA) of the chosen cell if necessary, by means of a locationupdating (LU) or IMSI attach procedure. If the MS loses coverage of a cell, it reselects onto the mostsuitable alternative cell of the selected PLMN and camps on that cell. If the new cell is in a different LA, anLU request is performed. If the MS loses coverage of a PLMN, either a new PLMN is selectedautomatically, or an indication of which PLMNs are available is given to the user, so that a manualselection can be made.The purpose of camping on a cell in idle mode is threefold:a)It enables the MS to receive system information from the PLMN.b)If the MS wishes to initiate a call, it can do this by initially accessing the network on the CCCH of thecell on which it is camped (with the exceptions defined in subclauses 3.5.3 and 3.5.4).c)If the PLMN receives a call for the MS, it knows (in most cases) the LA of the cell in which the MS iscamped. It can then send a "paging" message for the MS on CCCHs of all the cells in the LA. TheMS will then receive the paging message because it is tuned to the CCCH of a cell in that LA, andthe MS can respond on that CCCH.If the MS is unable to find a suitable cell to camp on, or the SIM is not inserted, or if it receives certainresponses to an LU request (e.g., "illegal MS"), it attempts to camp on a cell irrespective of the PLMNidentity, and enters a "limited service" state in which it can only attempt to make emergency calls.SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 10ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997The idle mode tasks can be subdivided into 3 processes:-PLMN selection.-Cell selection and reselection.-Location updating.The relationship between these processes is illustrated in figure 1. The states and state transitions withineach process are shown in figures 2 to 4.3Requirements and technical solutionsThe following subclauses list the main requirements of idle mode operation and give an outline of thetechnical solution.3.1PLMN selection and roamingThe MS normally operates on its home PLMN (HPLMN). However a visited PLMN (VPLMN) may beselected, e.g., if the MS loses coverage. There are two modes for PLMN selection:i)Automatic mode - This mode utilizes a list of PLMNs in priority order. The highest priority PLMNwhich is available and allowable is selected.ii)Manual mode - Here the MS indicates to the user which PLMNs are available. Only when the usermakes a manual selection does the MS try to obtain normal service on the VPLMN.There are two cases:-International Roaming - This is where the MS receives service on a PLMN of a different countrythan that of the HPLMN.-National Roaming - This is where the MS receives service from a PLMN of the same country asthat of the HPLMN, either anywhere or on a regional basis. The MS makes a periodic search for theHPLMN while national roaming.To prevent repeated attempts to have roaming service on a not allowed LA, when the MS is informed thatan LA is forbidden, the LA is added to a list of "forbidden LAs for roaming" which is stored in the MS. Thislist is deleted when the MS is switched off or when the SIM is removed.If a "PLMN not allowed" message is received by an MS in response to an LU request from a VPLMN, thatVPLMN is added to a list of "forbidden PLMNs" in the SIM and thereafter that VPLMN will not be accessedby the MS when in automatic mode. A PLMN is removed from the "forbidden" list if, after a subsequentmanual selection of that PLMN, there is a successful LU. This list is retained when the MS is switched offor the SIM is removed. The HPLMN shall not be stored on the list of "forbidden PLMNs".3.2Camping on a cell3.2.1Normal campingFor normal service, the MS has to camp on a suitable cell, tune to that cell's BCCH + CCCH, and possiblyregister within the PLMN so that the MS can:a)Receive system information from the PLMN (on the BCCH), e.g., the cell options.b)Receive paging messages from the PLMN, e.g., when there is an incoming call for the MS.c)Initiate call setup for outgoing calls or other actions from the MS (where possible, seesubclauses 3.5.3 and 3.5.4).SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 11ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 1997The choice of such a suitable cell for the purpose of receiving normal service is referred to as "normalcamping". There are various requirements that a cell must satisfy before an MS can perform normalcamping on it:i)It should be a cell of the selected PLMN.ii)It should not be "barred" (see subclause 3.5.1).iii)It should not be in an LA which is in the list of "forbidden LAs for roaming".iv)The radio path loss between MS and BTS must be below a threshold set by the PLMN operator.This is estimated as shown in subclause 3.6.Initially, the MS looks for a cell which satisfies these 4 constraints ("suitable cell") by checking cells indescending order of received signal strength. If a suitable cell is found, the MS camps on it and performsany registration necessary. Cells can have two levels of priority, suitable cells which are of low priority areonly camped on if there are no other suitable cells of normal priority. (This is called "cell selection").When camped on a cell the MS regularly looks to see if there is a better cell in terms of a cell re-selectioncriterion, and if there is, the better cell is selected. Also if one of the other criteria changes, (e.g., thecurrent serving cell becomes barred), or there is a downlink signalling failure (see subclause 3.6), a newcell is selected. (This is called "cell reselection".)In order to speed up these processes, a list of the RF channels containing BCCH carriers of the samePLMN is broadcast on the BCCH, see subclause 4.8. Also, the MS does not need to search all possibleRF channels to find a suitable cell. If, after searching the number of RF channels, given for eachfrequency band below, with the strongest received signal level, a BCCH carrier has been found but nosuitable cell of the selected PLMN has been found, the MS can stop the attempt to find a suitable cell ofthe selected PLMN.The number of channels to be searched are 30 for GSM 900 and 40 for DCS 1 800.3.2.2"Camp on any cell"If the MS cannot find a suitable cell, it attempts to camp on any acceptable cell and enter a "limited servicestate", as defined in subclause 3.7.3.3Regional provision of serviceAn MS may have a "regionally restricted service" where it can only obtain service on certain LAs. If suchan MS attempts to camp on a cell of an LA for which it does not have service entitlement, when it does anLU request, it will receive an "LA not allowed" message. In this case:-The MS stores the forbidden LA identity (LAI) in a list of "forbidden LAIs for regional provision ofservice", to prevent repeated access attempts on a cell of the forbidden LA. This list is deleted whenthe MS is switched off or the SIM is removed. If the MS cannot find a suitable cell, the MS performsthe PLMN selection procedure starting at subclause 4.4.3.1 A or B.3.4Borders between location areasIf the MS is moving in a border area between LAs, it might repeatedly change between cells of differentLAs. Each change of LA would require an LU, which would cause a heavy signalling load and increase therisk of a paging message being lost. To prevent this, a "CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS" (CRH)parameter is used. A cell in a different LA is only selected if it is "better", in terms of the path loss criterion(see subclause 3.6), than all the cells in the current LA by at least the value of CRH. The CRH parameteris broadcast on the BCCH. As the value of CRH broadcast may be different on different cells, the CRHparameter to be used is that broadcast on the current serving cell. There is also a lower limit on the timeinterval between reselection of cells on different LAs.SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 12ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 19973.5Barred cells and access control3.5.1Barred cellsThe PLMN operator may decide not to allow MSs to camp on certain cells. (These cells may, for example,only be used for hand over traffic, i.e. calls which need to be handed over to other cells). Barred cellinformation is broadcast on the BCCH to instruct MSs not to camp on these cells. The barred cell statusmay in fact change dynamically; hence the MS needs to regularly check the BCCH system information forthis parameter.The barred status of a cell depends both on CELL_BAR_ACCESS and on the cell's priority indicated byCELL_BAR_QUALIFY. The effect of these two parameters is further described in GSM 05.08.If a cell is barred this applies both for cell selection and reselection.3.5.2Prioritizing cellsIn general, cell prioritization is a means of encouraging MSs to select some suitable cells in preference toothers. Since the priority comparison is only between suitable cells, prioritization does not affect coverage.Operators may prefer a certain type of cell not to be selected unless it is the only suitable type. Forexample, umbrella cells due to their large frequency reuse distance, or microcells because the MS couldbe travelling too fast for them.3.5.2.1For cell selectionDuring cell selection (see subclause 3.2.1), a cell with low priority indication will only be selected if asuitable cell of normal priority cannot be found.3.5.2.2For cell reselectionCell prioritization can also be achieved during cell reselection by the use of the reselection parametersoptionally broadcast. Cells are reselected on the basis of a parameter called C2 and the C2 value for eachcell is given a positive or negative offset to encourage or discourage MSs to reselect that cell. A full rangeof positive and negative offsets is provided to allow the incorporation of this feature into alreadyoperational networks.3.5.3Access controlDue to problems in certain areas, Network Operators may decide to restrict access from some MSs (e.g.,in case of congestion on the AGCH), and for this reason the access control mechanism is provided.At subscription one or more access control classes are allocated to the subscriber and stored in the SIM.The information providing all authorized classes is broadcast on the BCCH (together with a bit indicatingwhether emergency calls may be made). This information is modified dynamically and therefore the MShas to check the BCCH before each attempt to access.The MS ignores the Access Control information when selecting a cell to camp on, i.e. it shall not reject acell for camping on because access on that cell is not allowed.3.5.4Forbidden LA for regional provision of serviceWhen the MS is camped on a cell, the LA of which belongs to the list of forbidden LA for regional provisionof service, the MS is not allowed to initiate establishment of a CM connection except for an emergencycall; it may respond to paging.If the MS has received the cause "LA not allowed", it shall ignore this fact when selecting a cell to campon, i.e. it shall not reject a cell for camping on because that cell is part of a LA where this cause has beenreceived.SIST ETS 300 930 E1:2003
Page 13ETS 300 930 (GSM 03.22 version 5.0.1): May 19973.6Radio constraintsThe MS uses a "path loss criterion" parameter C1 to determine whether a cell is suitable to camp on. C1depends on 4 parameters:i)The received signal level (suitably averaged).ii)The parameter RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN, which is broadcast on the BCCH, and is related to theminimum signal that the operator wants the network to receive when being initially accessed by anMS.iii)The parameter MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH, which is also broadcast on the BCCH, and is themaximum power that an MS may use when initially accessing the network.iv)The maximum power of the MS.The formula for determining C1 is given in GSM 05.08.Use of the parameter C1 enables the MS to determine whether communication is possible with thenetwork in the absence of interference. However because of the possibility of interference degrading thecommunications, an additional safeguard is used. This is to monitor the success rate of the MS indecoding signalling blocks of the
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