SIST EN 942:2008
(Main)Timber in joinery - General requirements
Timber in joinery - General requirements
This European Standard specifies the general requirements including in particular the grading and classification by appearance quality of timber in joinery products or individual joinery parts.
This European Standard is intended to be used at the time of manufacture of a product. However this Standard may be used to evaluate products at a later stage, but in these situations storage and service conditions, subsequent to manufacture, shall be taken into account (surface checks).
Where European product standards exist their timber requirements shall take precedence, unless an alternative improved specification is given as identified in Annex D. If reference to this European Standard is made the specific grade and requirements shall be identified.
This European Standard covers solid, finger-jointed, end-jointed, edge-jointed and laminated timber products.
Matters relating to the influence of timber characteristics on strength and durability are not covered in this Standard.
Holz in Tischlerarbeiten - Allgemeine Anforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die allgemeinen Anforderungen und die Sortierung und Klassifizierung der Qualität von Holz in Tischlerarbeiten sowie in einzelnen Teilen von Tischlerarbeiten nach dem Aussehen fest.
Diese Europäische Norm dient zur Anwendung bei der Herstellung eines Produktes. Diese Norm kann auch zur späteren Beurteilung eine Produktes benutzt werden. In diesem Fall sind jedoch Lager und Nutzungs¬bedingungen nach der Herstellung zu berücksichtigen (Oberflächenrisse).
Wenn es Europäische Produktnormen gibt, haben die dort festgelegten Anforderungen an das Holz Vorrang, sofern in Anhang D keine abweichenden verbesserten Festlegungen angegeben sind. Bei einem Bezug auf diese Europäische Norm sind die jeweilige Sortierklasse sowie die Anforderungen anzugeben.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für massive, keilgezinkte und schichtverklebte Holzprodukte sowie für Holz¬produkte mit Stoßverbindung und Kantenverbindung.
Der Einfluss der Holzmerkmale auf Festigkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit wird in dieser Norm nicht behandelt.
Bois dans les menuiseries - Exigences générales
La présente Norme européenne prescrit les exigences générales dont, en particulier, le classement et la classification selon l’aspect de la qualité du bois utilisé dans les produits de menuiserie ou les parties individuelles de la menuiserie.
La présente Norme européenne est destinée à être utilisée au moment de la fabrication d’un produit. Cependant, la présente norme peut être utilisée pour évaluer des produits à une étape ultérieure, mais les conditions de stockage et de service, suivant la fabrication, doivent être prises en compte (gerces superficielles).
A moins qu’une autre spécification soit justifiée et identifiée dans l’Annexe D, les exigences du bois contenues dans les normes européennes de produits prévalent. Si l’on se réfère à la présente norme européenne, il est nécessaire d’identifier la classe et les exigences.
La présente Norme européenne couvre les produits en bois massif, en bois abouté, jointé sur chant et lamellé.
Les questions relatives à l’influence des caractéristiques du bois sur la résistance et la durabilité ne sont pas couvertes par la présente norme.
Les v mizarstvu - Splošne zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 942:2008
01-november-2008
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 942:2002
Les v mizarstvu - Splošne zahteve
Timber in joinery - General requirements
Holz in Tischlerarbeiten - Allgemeine Anforderungen
Bois dans les menuiseries - Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 942:2007
ICS:
79.040 Les, hlodovina in žagan les Wood, sawlogs and sawn
timber
SIST EN 942:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 942:2008
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SIST EN 942:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 942
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2007
ICS 79.040 Supersedes EN 942:1996
English Version
Timber in joinery - General requirements
Bois dans les menuiseries - Exigences générales Holz in Tischlerarbeiten - Allgemeine Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 January 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 942:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 942:2008
EN 942:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Basic principles.6
4.1 Appearance classes.6
4.2 Species.6
4.3 Density.6
4.4 Growth rings.6
4.5 Surface quality.6
4.6 Moisture content.7
4.7 Finger-jointing, butt-jointing, edge-jointing and laminating .7
5 Classification of features .7
5.1 General.7
5.2 Knots and knot clusters.8
5.2.1 Types.8
5.2.2 Size.8
5.2.3 Distribution.8
6 Remedial work.9
6.1 Plugs and fillers .9
6.2 Requirements.9
Annex A (normative) Measurement of dimensions of finished pieces.13
Annex B (informative) Guide to moisture content in joinery .15
Annex C (informative) Guide to specifying timber in joinery.16
C.1 information to be supplied.16
C.2 Identifying characteristics, techniques or remedies and their acceptability with visible
surfaces .16
Annex D (informative) The selection of timber species for use in joinery .18
D.1 General.18
D.2 Aesthetic criteria.18
D.3 Commercial criteria.18
D.4 Mechanical criteria.18
D.5 Durability criteria.19
D.6 Serviceability criteria.19
D.7 Workability criteria.19
Bibliography .23
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SIST EN 942:2008
EN 942:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 942:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn
timber”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by October 2007.
This document supersedes EN 942:1996.
This Standard is one of a package to be implemented on 2007.10.31. The Standards included in the Package
are:
Standard Number Title
1 EN 942 Revised Timber in joinery - General requirements
2 EN 13307-1 Timber blanks and semi-finished profiles for non-
structural uses – Part 1: Requirements
3 EN 14220 Timber and wood-based materials in external
windows, external door leaves and external
doorframes – Requirements and specifications
4 EN 14221 Timber and wood-based materials in internal
windows, internal door leaves and internal
doorframes - Requirements and specifications
Explanation
Standards 3 and 4 rely on both Standards 1 and 2, and Standard 2 relies on 1.
The revised EN 942 contains changes which directly affect standards 2, 3 and 4 and therefore must be
available before they can be used effectively.
NOTE Following the completion of the Technical Enquiry for prEN 13307-2, Timber blanks and semi-finished profiles
for non-structural uses – Part 2: Production control, it has been agreed to remove this Standard from the package. As a
result of the necessary changes it has been agreed to offer prEN 13307-2 as a CEN/TS.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 942:2008
EN 942:2007 (E)
Introduction
Commercial grades, i.e. the grade given to timber as a raw material, are not appropriate for referencing in
joinery specifications. This European Standard specifies the general grading requirements to be used to
determine the characteristics and classify, by appearance, the quality of timber in joinery. This method is not
appropriate for the purchase specification of timber. This standard provides only recommendations for the
moisture content of timber. Specific moisture contents are covered in the specific product standards.
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SIST EN 942:2008
EN 942:2007 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the general requirements including in particular the grading and
classification by appearance quality of timber in joinery products or individual joinery parts.
This European Standard is intended to be used at the time of manufacture of a product. However this
Standard may be used to evaluate products at a later stage, but in these situations storage and service
conditions, subsequent to manufacture, shall be taken into account (surface checks).
Where European product standards exist their timber requirements shall take precedence, unless an
alternative improved specification is given as identified in Annex D. If reference to this European Standard is
made the specific grade and requirements shall be identified.
This European Standard covers solid, finger-jointed, end-jointed, edge-jointed and laminated timber products.
Matters relating to the influence of timber characteristics on strength and durability are not covered in this
Standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 350-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products – Natural durability of solid wood - Part 2: Guide to
natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe.
EN 844-3:1995, Round and sawn timber - Terminology - Part 3: General terms related to sawn timber
EN 1310, Round and sawn timber - Method of measurement of features
EN 13183-1, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber – Part 1: Determination by oven dry method
EN 13183-2, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber – Part 2: Estimation by electrical resistance method
EN 13183-3, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber – Part 3: Estimation by capacitance method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 844-3:1995 and the following apply.
3.1
joinery
wood and wood-based products graded for non-structural use within a building
NOTE These grading rules do not apply to wood-based panels covered by EN 13986.
3.2
concealed face
face of a joinery part which, after installation of the joinery is completed, is permanently concealed by other parts
of the joinery product, by other parts or by other elements including sheet materials such as veneer, solid
plastic or metal
NOTE These faces may be visible before the product is installed.
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SIST EN 942:2008
EN 942:2007 (E)
3.3
semi-concealed face
visible face of a joinery part which cannot be viewed when the product is in the closed position
3.4
visible face
face of a joinery part which, after installation of the joinery is completed, is not permanently concealed or semi-
concealed
NOTE 1 An opaque paint finish, does not constitute concealment.
NOTE 2 Faces which are visible when moving parts (e.g. shutters) are open are classified as semi-concealed.
4 Basic principles
4.1 Appearance classes
Timber in joinery shall be classified by referencing a number of basic features which are given in Clause 5 and
summarised in Table 1. In addition, a number of other factors shall be taken into account and these are given
in the rest of Clause 4.
Any feature is accepted on a concealed face if the serviceability of the product is not impaired.
4.2 Species
Timber in joinery shall be suitable for its intended purpose.
NOTE 1 Guidance on the specification of timber in joinery is given in Annex C and on the selection of timber species in
Annex D.
NOTE 2 Durability, a factor influencing the performance of timber, is covered by EN 335-2, EN 350-2, EN 460 and
EN 351-1.
NOTE 3 It should be noted that colour variations occur within species as well as between sapwood and heartwood.
Any special requirements for colour matching should be by prior agreement.
NOTE 4 If two or more species are used in the same unit or sub-assembly, they should be selected to avoid differential
movement resulting in distortion.
4.3 Density
The density of timber used will have a significant effect on mechanical performances. Reference densities for
common species are given in EN 350-2.
4.4 Growth rings
Limits on growth rings are not specified within the grading rules. If the number and width of growth rings are
to be specified, the measurement method shall be the method given in EN 1310.
NOTE Where the width and number of growth rings may affect the mechanical performance of a product or the
fabrication of glued components (laminated profiles), reference should be made to the appropriate product standard.
4.5 Surface quality
The surface of timber in visible faces shall be able to accept a coating system without any further operation
other than light sanding.
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SIST EN 942:2008
EN 942:2007 (E)
4.6 Moisture content
The measurement of the moisture content of the timber in a product is applicable at the completion time of the
product manufacture and prior to the application of any coating. The moisture content (percent) of the timber
shall be in accordance with the relevant product standard or national requirements.
NOTE 1 Where a relevant product standard or national requirement does not exist, the guidance on moisture content
given in Annex B is recommended.
The moisture content shall be estimated using, either the method described in EN 13183-2, or EN 13183-3.
In the case of a dispute the method to be used shall be the method described in EN 13183-1 (Destructive
method).
NOTE 2 The more accurate method described in EN 13183-1 is a destructive method and may not always be
appropriate.
4.7 Finger-jointing, butt-jointing, edge-jointing and laminating
Unless otherwise agreed, finger-jointing, butt-jointing and edge-jointing shall be permitted in classes J10, J20,
J30, J40 and J50 according to Table 1 but shall not be permitted in class J2 and J5, unless accepted by a
product standard. The distance between the centres of finger-joints and butt-joints shall be at least 150 mm.
Laminating sections in any class shall be permitted unless otherwise agreed.
5 Classification of features
5.1 General
The appearance classes in Table 1 are independent of the species. The limits set in Table 1 for each feature
relative to the specific class shall not be exceeded when a specific class is specified. The classification of
features can be missed subject to the declaration of the class for each feature as given in Table D.1 (See
example in Table D.2).
Table 1 shows where and to what extent the presence of the following features shall be permitted at the time
of handover, for the various classes of timber.
NOTE 1 Handover relates to the time the joinery is supplied by the manufacturer to the first purchaser.
NOTE 2 The classes in Table 1 generally apply to visible faces. Unless otherwise specified semi-concealed faces,
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