SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
(Main)Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: Elevated-temperature test (ISO 4589-3:1996)
Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: Elevated-temperature test (ISO 4589-3:1996)
Specifies methods for the determination the minimum concentration of oxygen, in a mixture with nitrogen, that will support combustion of small vertical test specimens under specified test conditions over a range of temperatures between 25 °Celsius and 150 °Celsius. The results are defined as oxygen index values at the test temperature. Also included is a method for determining the flammability temperature (less than 400 °Celsius) at which the oxygen index of small vertical test specimens in air is 20,9.
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement au feu au moyen de l'indice d'oxygene - Partie 3: Essai a haute température (ISO 4589-3:1996)
La présente partie de l'IS0 4589 prescrit des méthodes pour la détermination de la concentration minimale d'oxygène, dans un mélange oxygène/azote, qui permet d'entretenir la combustion de petites éprouvettes verticales dans des conditions d'essai spécifiées, sur un domaine caractéristique de températures compris entre 25 °C et 150 °C. Les résultats sont définis en tant que valeurs de l'indice d'oxygène à la température d'essai, laquelle est caractéristique de la température à laquelle un matériau plastique est susceptible d'être soumis dans des conditions d'utilisation avec surchauffe. Les méthodes sont définies pour les essais de matériaux rigides, à la température d'essai, sous forme de barreaux verticaux ou de feuilles ayant une épaisseur maximale de 10,5 mm. Ces méthodes sont utilisables avec les matériaux compacts, stratifiés ou alvéolaires ayant une masse volumique apparente supérieure à 100 kg/m33. Elles sont également applicables à certains matériaux alvéolaires ayant une masse volumique apparente inférieure à 100 kg/m3. Une méthode comportant un support vertical est également prévue pour les films et feuilles souples. La présente par 1708tie de l'IS0 4589 inclut également une méthode (voir annexe A) pour la détermination de la température à laquelle l'indice d'oxygène de petites éprouvettes verticales est de 20,9 dans l'air, dans des conditions d'essai spécifiées. Le résultat obtenu est la température d'inflammabilité (TI) et la méthode décrite permet uniquement l'obtention de résultats inférieurs à 400 °C. Cette méthode n'est pas applicable aux matériaux ayant un indice d'oxygène < 20,9 lorsque le mesurage est effectué à 23 °C. Il convient de ne pas utiliser les résultats obtenus conformément à la présente partie de l'ISO 4589 pour décrire ou apprécier les risques d'incendie présentés par un matériau ou une forme donnés dans des conditions réelles d'incendie, sauf s'ils sont utilisés comme l'un des éléments d'appr
Polimerni materiali – Določevanje gorenja s kisikovim indeksom – 3. del: Preskus pri zvišani temperaturi (ISO 4589-3:1996)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
01-maj-1999
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL±'RORþHYDQMHJRUHQMDVNLVLNRYLPLQGHNVRP±GHO 3UHVNXV
SUL]YLãDQLWHPSHUDWXUL ,62
Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: Elevated-
temperature test (ISO 4589-3:1996)
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement au feu au moyen de l'indice d'oxygene -
Partie 3: Essai a haute température (ISO 4589-3:1996)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4589-3:1996
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
INTERNATIONAL IS0
4589-3
STANDARD
:
First edition
1996-08-I 5
Plastics - Determination of burning
.
behaviour by oxygen index -
Part 3:
Elevated-temperature test
Dbtermination du comportement au feu au moyen de
P/as tiques -
I ’indice d ’oxygkne -
Partie 3: Essai B haute tempgrature
Reference number
IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
Contents
Page
1
1 Scope .
1
.......................................................................
2 Normative reference
2
3 Definitions .
2
4 Principle .
2
5 Apparatus .
.............................. 3
6 Calibration and maintenance of equipment
.................................................. 3
7 Preparation of test specimens
3
8 Procedure .
..................................... 4
9 Calculations and expression of results
10 Procedure C - Comparison with a specified minimum value of the
... 4
oxygen index at a specified temperature (short procedure)
4
11 Precision .
4
12 Test report .
Annexes
. .I . 12
. .
A Measurement of flammability temperature (FT)
.......... 14
B Interlaboratory test data on flammability temperature
..............
..*.................................., I... 15
C Typical test results sheet
0 IS0 1996
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
0 IS0 IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 4589-3 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 4, Burning behaviour.
Together with parts 1 and 2, this part of IS0 4589 cancels and replaces
IS0 4589: 1984.
IS0 4589 consists of the following parts, under the general title
P/as tics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index:
- Part 1: Guidance
- Part 2: Ambient-temperature test
- Part 3: Elevated-temperature test
Annex A forms an integral part of this part of IS0 4589. Annexes B and
C are for information only.
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
Q IS0
IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
Introduction
This part of IS0 4589 has been prepared to extend the methods available
for the determination of flammability by oxygen index (see IS0 4589-2) to
typical elevated temperatures to which a plastic material can be exposed
in a service situation. It also provides a method for determining the tem-
perature at which combustion of a small bar of material is just supported
in air under certain test conditions; the resulting temperature is termed the
flammability temperature.
This part of IS0 4589 is intended to be used in conjunction with
IS0 4589-2 which describes the basic oxygen index test method.
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 Iso
Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by
oxygen index -
Part 3:
Elevated-temperature test
the fire hazard presented by a particular material or
1 Scope
shape under actual fire conditions, unless used as one
element of a fire risk assessment which takes into
This part of IS0 4589 specifies methods for deter-
account all of the factors which are pertinent to the
mining the minimum concentration of oxygen, in a
assessment of the fire hazard of a particular applica-
mixture with nitrogen, that will support combustion
tion for the material.
of small vertical test specimens under specified test
conditions over a range of temperatures typically be-
NOTES
tween 25 “C and 150 “C. The results are defined as
1 It may not be possible to apply these methods satisfac-
oxygen index values at the test temperature, which is
torily to materials that exhibit high levels of shrinkage when
typical of the practical temperature that a plastic ma-
heated, e.g. highly oriented thin film.
terial may experience in an overheated service situ-
ation.
2 For assessing the flame propagation properties of cellu-
lar materials of density < 100 kg/m3, attention is drawn to
Methods are provided for testing materials that are
the method of IS0 3582:1978, Cellular plastic and cellular
self-supporting at the test temperature in the form of rubber materials - Laboratory assessment of horizontal
burning characteristics of small specimens subjected to a
vertical bars or sheet up to IO,5 mm thick. These
small flame.
methods are suitable for solid, laminated or cellular
materials characterized by an apparent density greater
than 100 kg/m3. The methods may also be applicable
to some cellular materials having an apparent density
of less than 100 kg/m3. A method is provided for
2 Normative reference
testing flexible sheet or film materials while supported
vertically.
The following standard contains provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
This part of IS0 4589 also includes a method (see
of this part of IS0 4589. At the time of publication, the
annex A) for determining the temperature at which
edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject
the oxygen index of small vertical test specimens in to revision, and parties to agreements based on this
air is 20,9 under specified test conditions. The result
part of IS0 4589 are encouraged to investigate the
is defined as the flammability temperature (FT) and
possibility of applying the most recent edition of the
the method is limited to the determination of results
standard indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0
less than 400 “C. The method is not applicable to
maintain registers of currently valid International
materials having an oxygen index of < 20,9 when
Standards.
measured at 23 “C.
IS0 4589-2: 1996, Plastics - Determination of burn-
Results obtained in accordance with this part of ing behaviour by oxygen index - Part 2: Ambient-
IS0 4589 should not be used to describe or appraise temperature test.
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
0 IS0
IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
cap having an outlet small enough to produce an ex-
3 Definitions
haust velocity of at least 90 mm/s from a flow rate
within the chimney of 40 mm/s (see note 3). The
For the purposes of this part of IS0 4589, the follow-
height of the outer tube should be similar to that of
ing definitions apply.
the inner tube and the radial clearance between the
inner and outer tubes should be between 5 mm and
3.1 flammability temperature (R): The tempera-
10 mm. Chimneys of other dimensions, with or with-
ture at which combustion of a material is just sup-
out restricted outlets, may be used, if shown to give
ported in air under specified test conditions.
equivalent results.
3.2 oxygen index at elevated temperature: The
The bottom of the chimney, or the base upon which
minimum concentration of oxygen, by volume per-
the chimney is supported, shall incorporate a means
centage, in a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, intro-
for distributing evenly the gas mixture entering the
duced at an agreed test temperature of greater than
inner tube. A satisfactory means comprises beads of
25 “C, that will just support combustion of a material
diameter between 3 mm and 5 mm, in a layer be-
under specified test conditions.
tween 80 mm and 100 mm deep. Other devices,
such as radial manifolds, may be used, if shown to
3.3 ignition: The initiation of flaming combustion.
give equivalent results.
4 Principle A porous screen may be mounted below the level of
the test piece holder, to prevent falling combustion
A small test specimen is supported vertically in a
debris from fouling the gas entry and distribution
mixture of oxygen and nitrogen flowing upwards
paths.
through a transparent heated chimney. The upper end
The chimney support may incorporate a levelling de-
of the specimen is ignited and the subsequent burn-
vice and indicator, to facilitate vertical alignment of the
ing behaviour of the specimen is observed to compare
chimney and a test piece supported therein. A dark
the period for which burning continues, or the length
background may be provided, to facilitate observation
of specimen burnt, with specified limits for such
of flames within the chimney.
burning. By testing a series of specimens in different
oxygen concentrations, the minimum oxygen con-
NOTE 3 For inner tubes of diameter 75 mm to 100 mm,
centration is estimated.
a cap converging to an outlet of diameter 40 mm at a level
at least IO mm above the top of the cylindrical chimney has
been found satisfactory. For such tubes also, an electrical-
5 Apparatus
resistance heating element dissipating up to about
1 000 W and helically wound about the outer surface of the
5.1 Arrangement. The apparatus specified in 5.2 to
tube with a graded distribution of winding pitch (the
5.5 shall be arranged as indicated by the diagrams in
windings being closer together at the top) has been found
figures 1 to 4, as appropriate. suitable in conjunction with a preheater comprising a cylin-
drical ceramic body with longitudinal holes and containing a
heating element dissipating up to about 1 000 W with
5.2 Test chimney, consisting of two concentric
regulating controls which can be operated separately from
heat-resistant glass tubes supported vertically be-
those of the heater windings on the chimney tube.
tween an insulating top plate and a base through
which oxygen-containing gas mixtures can be intro-
5.3 Test specimen holder, suitable for supporting
duced. The chimney is provided with a heating ele-
a specimen vertically in the centre of the chimney,
ment suitable for use, in conjunction with a preheater
conforming to 5.2 of IS0 4589-2.
for heating the incoming gas mixture, to maintain the
test atmosphere within the inner tube in the vicinity
The holder may have a complementary tool of any
of the test specimen at within + 2 “C of any specific
suitable shape (see figure61 for moving a specimen
test temperature up to and including 125 “C and at
or loaded specimen holder into or out of the test
within + 3 “C of any higher test temperature at which
-
chimney.
the equipment is intended to be used. The heating
element shall not impede adequate observation of a
5.4 Gas supplies, conforming to 5.3 of IS0 4589-2.
test specimen under test.
NOTES
The preferred dimensions of the inner tube are
450 mm minimum height and 75 mm minimum-
4 Because damage may occur to the chimney heater and
diameter cylindrical bore. The upper outlet should
preheater if energized while no gas flows through them, it
is recommended that a gas-flow or pressure-sensing device
preferably be restricted as necessary by an overhead
2
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
IS0 4589-3:1996( E)
ncorporated in the gas supply lines and is coupled to the be positioned as shown in figure7. See annex B for
heater power-control circuits.
round-robin analysis of test specimen holder.
5 To economize purified oxygen and nitrogen, it is rec-
ommended that an air pump is provided to supply air in- 7.2 Test specimen dimensions and
stead of oxygen and/or nitrogen, at the appropriate flow
preparation
rate, during periods when specimens are not being tested.
Test specimen dimensions shall conform to and
5.5 Gas measurement and control devices, suit- specimen preparation shall be in accordance with 7.2
able for measuring the concentration of oxygen in the of IS0 4589-2.
gas mixture entering the chimney with an accuracy
of + 0,5 % (WV) of the mixture and for adjusting the
7.3 Marking of test pieces
concentration with a precision of + 0,l % (V/v) of the
-
mixture.
Marking of the test specimens shall be in accordance
with 7.3 of IS0 4589-2.
Means shall be provided for checking or ensuring that
the temperature of the gas mixture in the chimney is
in accordance with 5.2. If this involves an internal
7.4 Conditioning
probe, its position and profile shall be designed to
minimize induction of turbulence within the chimney.
Conditioning shall be in accordance with 7.4 of
IS0 4589-2.
NOTE 6 Systems of measurement and control that have
proved satisfactory are listed in 5.4 of IS0 4589-Z.
8 Procedure
5.6 Flame igniter, conforming to 5.5 of IS0 4589-2.
8.1 Setting up the apparatus and test
5.7 Timing device, capable of measuring periods
specimen
up to 5 min with an accuracy of + 0,5 s.
8.1.1 Position a temperature sensor in the position
5.8 Fume extraction system, conforming to 5.7 of
to be occupied by the top of a test specimen.
IS0 4589-2.
Adjust the electrical power to the chimney heater and
s
preheater to give the test temperature, with the gas
6 Calibration and maintenance of
controls set to give a gas velocity through the
equipment
chimney of 40 mm/s + 0,8 mm/s at 23 “C.
Calibrate and maintain the equipment periodically in
8.1.2 Select an initial concentration of oxygen to be
accordance with the instructions given in annex A of
used. When possible, base this on experience of re-
IS0 4589-2 so that the maximum interval between
sults for similar materials. Alternatively, try to ignite a
recalibration and use conforms to the periods stated
test specimen in air at the test temperature, and note
in table 1 of IS0 4589-2.
the burning behaviour. If the specimen burns rapidly,
select an initial concentration of about 18 % (VW) of
oxygen; if the test specimen burns gently or un-
7 Preparation of test specimens
steadily, select an initial oxygen concentration of
about 21 % (V/v); if the specimen does not continue
7.1 Sampling
to burn in air, select an initial concentration of at least
25 % (V/v), depending upon the difficulty of ignition
Sampling shall be in accordance with 7.1 of
or the period of burning before extinguishing in air.
IS0 4589-2.
8.1.3 When the temperature in the test chimney is
For the flammability temperature procedure (see an-
nex A), at least 10 test specimens shall be provided. stable and in accordance with the limits given in 5.2,
If a test specimen is not self-supporting at the tem- mount a specimen in the centre of the chimney so
perature of the test, it shall be provided with external that the top of the specimen is at least 100 mm be-
support by the use of 0,55 mm k 0,05 mm diameter low the open top of the chimney and the lowest ex-
nickel-chromium alloy wire with a maximum working posed part of the specimen is at least 100 mm above
temperature of 1 100 “C and secured by ties of copper the top of the gas distribution device at the base of
the chimney.
wire of 0,20 mm + - 0,02 mm diameter. These shall
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SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
0 IS0
IS0 4589-3: 1996(E)
the oxygen concentration measurements in accord-
8.1.4 Preheat the specimen for 240 s + IO s for it
ante with 9.3 of IS0 4589-2.
to reach a temperature within the applicable test
temperature tolerance before ignition.
8.1.5 Set the gas mixing and flow controls so that
10 Procedure C - Comparison with a
an oxygen/nitrogen mixture at 23 “C, containing th
...
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