SIST EN ISO 14627:2026

Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Test method for fracture resistance of silicon nitride materials for rolling bearing balls at room temperature by indentation fracture (IF) method (ISO 14627:2012)

ISO 14627:2012 describes a test method that covers the determination of fracture resistance of silicon nitride bearing balls at room temperature by the indentation fracture (IF) method, as specified in ISO 26602.
ISO 14627:2012 is intended for use with monolithic silicon nitride ceramics for bearing balls. It does not include other ceramic materials.
ISO 14627:2012 is for material comparison and quality assurance.

Hochleistungskeramik - Prüfverfahren für die Bestimmung der Bruchzähigkeit mit Hilfe von Vickers-Härteeindrücken bei Raumtemperatur an Wälzlagerkugeln aus Siliziumnitrid (ISO 14627:2012)

Céramiques techniques - Méthode d'essai de résistance à la rupture des matériaux nitrure de silicium pour billes de roulement à billes à température ambiante par la méthode de rupture par indentation (ISO 14627:2012)

La présente Norme internationale décrit une méthode d’essai qui couvre la détermination de la résistance à la rupture de billes de roulement en nitrure de silicium à température ambiante par la méthode de rupture par indentation (IF), comme spécifié dans l’ISO 26602.
La présente Norme internationale est destinée à être utilisée pour les céramiques en nitrure de silicium monolithiques pour les billes de roulement. Elle n’inclut pas les autres matériaux céramiques.
La présente Norme internationale est destinée à la comparaison de matériaux et à l’assurance qualité.
La résistance à la rupture par indentation, KI, IFR telle que définie dans la présente Norme internationale ne doit pas être confondue avec la ténacité à la rupture déterminée au moyen d’autres méthodes d’essai, comme KIsc et KIpb.
NOTE            KI, IFR est une estimation de la résistance d’un matériau à la fissuration introduite par un pénétrateur et présente des corrélations avec la résistance à l’usure et la performance de fatigue de contact de roulement ainsi qu’avec les processus d’usinage utilisés pour les matériaux de nitrure de silicium, puisque ces propriétés sont régies par la résistance à l’extension de fissures dans des surfaces endommagées localisées. Par contraste, la ténacité à la rupture, KIsc et KIpb sont des propriétés intrinsèques d’un matériau et concernent des évènements de rupture macroscopiques et catastrophiques présentant de longues fissures, plutôt que les phénomènes provoqués par une accumulation de dommages microscopiques successifs associés aux fissures courtes.

Fina keramika (sodobna keramika, sodobna tehnična keramika) - Preskusna metoda za odpornost proti lomu silicijevih nitridnih materialov za kroglice kotalnih ležajev pri sobni temperaturi z metodo vtiska loma (IF) (ISO 14627:2012)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 22-Oct-2025
• ICS: 81.060.30 - Advanced ceramics
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 04-Dec-2025
• Due Date: 08-Feb-2026
• Ref Project: EN ISO 14627:2025 - Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Test method for fracture resistance of silicon nitride materials for rolling bearing balls at room temperature by indentation fracture (IF) method (ISO 14627:2012)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
01-oktober-2025
Fina keramika (sodobna keramika, sodobna tehnična keramika) - Preskusna
metoda za odpornost proti lomu silicijevih nitridnih materialov za kroglice kotalnih
ležajev pri sobni temperaturi z metodo vtiska loma (IF) (ISO 14627:2012)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Test method for
fracture resistance of silicon nitride materials for rolling bearing balls at room
temperature by indentation fracture (IF) method (ISO 14627:2012)
Hochleistungskeramik - Prüfverfahren für die Bestimmung der Bruchzähigkeit mit Hilfe
von Vickers-Härteeindrücken bei Raumtemperatur an Wälzlagerkugeln aus Siliziumnitrid
(ISO 14627:2012)
Céramiques techniques - Méthode d'essai de résistance à la rupture des matériaux
nitrure de silicium pour billes de roulement à billes à température ambiante par la
méthode de rupture par indentation (ISO 14627:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14627
ICS:
81.060.30 Sodobna keramika Advanced ceramics
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14627
First edition
2012-07-15
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
advanced technical ceramics) — Test
method for fracture resistance of silicon
nitride materials for rolling bearing balls
at room temperature by indentation
fracture (IF) method
Céramiques techniques — Méthode d’essai de résistance à la rupture
des matériaux nitrure de silicium pour billes de roulement à billes à
température ambiante par la méthode de rupture par indentation
Reference number
ISO 14627:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
ISO 14627:2012(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
ISO 14627:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Testing machine . 2
5.2 Indenter . 2
5.3 Verification by standard reference materials . 3
6 Test specimens . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Thickness . 3
6.3 Surface finish . 3
7 Procedure . 3
7.1 Specimen placement . 3
7.2 Specimen leveling . 3
7.3 Clean the indenter . 3
7.4 Application of test load . 3
7.5 Acceptability of indentations . 4
7.6 Number of indentations . 4
7.7 Measurement of indentation size . 5
7.8 Measurement of crack size . 5
8 Calculation . 5
9 Test report . 6
Bibliography . 8
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
ISO 14627:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14627 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14627:2012(E)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Test method for fracture resistance of silicon
nitride materials for rolling bearing balls at room temperature
by indentation fracture (IF) method
1 Scope
This International Standard describes a test method that covers the determination of fracture resistance of silicon
nitride bearing balls at room temperature by the indentation fracture (IF) method, as specified in ISO 26602.
This International Standard is intended for use with monolithic silicon nitride ceramics for bearing balls. It does
not include other ceramic materials.
This International Standard is for material comparison and quality assurance.
Indentation fracture resistance, K as defined in this International Standard is not to be equated to fracture
I, IFR
toughness determined using other test methods such as K and K .
Isc Ipb
NOTE K is an estimate of a material’s resistance to cracking as introduced by an indenter and has correlations with
I, IFR
wear resistance and rolling contact fatigue performance as well as machining processes used for silicon nitride materials
since these properties are governed by the resistance to crack extension in localized damage areas. By contrast, fracture
toughness, K and K are intrinsic properties of a material and are relevant to macroscopic and catastrophic fracture
Isc Ipb
events with long cracks, rather than those phenomena caused by microscopic and successive damage accumulation
associated with short cracks.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4287:1997, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms,
definitions and surface texture parameters
ISO 6507-2:2005, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 2: Verification and calibration of
testing machines
ISO 6507-3:2005, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
ISO 17561:2002, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Test method for elastic
moduli of monolithic ceramics at room temperature by sonic resonance
ISO 26602:2009, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) — Silicon nitride materials
for rolling bearing balls
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
ISO 14627:2012(E)
3.1
fracture resistance
K
I, IFR
fracture resistance measured by the IF method
[ISO 26602:2009]
NOTE The indentation fracture resistance, K , as used here is not to be equated to fast fracture toughness K .
I, IFR Ic
K is an estimate of a material’s resistance to cracking as introduced by an indenter. K is considered to be an intrinsic
I, IFR Ic
property of a material and is independent of the test method.
3.2
preprocessed ball
densified unit of material from a material lot before final shaping and finishing
[ISO 26602:2009]
4 Principle
This International Standard is for material comparison, quality assurance of silicon nitride materials for rolling
bearing balls as described in ISO 26602. The method determines the indentation fracture resistance value, K
I,
, by forcing a Vickers indenter (diamond pyramid) into the surface of a test piece and measuring the lengths
IFR
of both the diagonals and the associated cracks of the indentation that are left in the surface after removal of
the indenter. See Figure 1.
2a
2c
Key
2a is the diagonal length of the indent
2c is the diagonal length of the crack
Figure 1 — Crack lengths and diagonal sizes of the Vickers indentation
5 Apparatus
5.1 Testing machine
The testing machine shall be in accordance with ISO 6507-2.
5.2 Indenter
The indenter shall meet the specification for the Vickers indenter. See the test method in ISO 6507-2. The
diamond should be examined before the test, and if it is loose in the mounting material, chipped, or cracked, it
shall be replaced.
2 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
2a
2c
oSIST prEN ISO 14627:2025
ISO 14627:2012(E)
5.3 Verification by standard reference materials
The reference materials which are in accordance with ISO 6507-3 shall be used to verify the testing machine
and their Vickers hardness shall not vary from the hardness of the material to be measured by more than 20 %.
6 Test specimens
6.1 General
The ground and polished sections of the preprocessed balls or the finished products shall be used for the
indentation fracture (IF) method. The surface finishing shall be done to avoid residual stress.
6.2 Thickness
The thickness of the specimen shall be large enough so that the crack lengths are not affected by variations in
the thickness. As long as the thickness of the specimen is more than five times the crack length (2c), the test
will not be affected. In general, a specimen thickness of more than 3 mm is suitable.
6.3 Surface finish
Specimens shall have a ground and polished surface so that the crack lengths can be measured accurately.
The surface roughness, R , as defined in ISO 4287 shall be not more than 0,1 µm. Any grinding-induced
a
damage layer at the surface shall be removed completely by polishing so that the crack lengths are not affected
by any residual stress at the surface layer.
NOTE If the specimen test area is insufficient to permit at least five valid indentations (see Figure 2) to be obtained
using the spacing criterion given in 7.6, e.g. if bearing balls are employed, then it is permitted either to employ a larger
test-piece from the same material lot, or several randomly selected bearing balls from the same lot.
7 Procedure
7.1 Specimen placement
Place the specimen on the stage of the machine so that the specimen will not rock or shift during the
measurement. The specimen surface shall be clean and free from any grease or film.
7.2 Specimen leveling
The surface of the specimen being tested shall lie in a plane normal to the axis of the indenter.
7.3 Clean the indenter
The indenter shall be cleaned prior to and during a test ser
...