SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
(Main)Fire hazard testing -- Part 11-10: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
Fire hazard testing -- Part 11-10: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
Specifies a small-scale laboratory screening procedure for comparing the relative burning behaviour of vertically or horizontally oriented specimens made from plastic and other non-metallic materials, exposed to a small-flame ignition source of 50 W nominal power. These test methods determine the linear burning rate and the afterflame/afterglow times, as well as the damaged length of specimens. Applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent density of not less than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance with ISO 845. They do not apply to materials that shrink away from applied flame without igniting; ISO 9773 should be used for thin flexible materials. The test methods described provide classification systems which may be used for quality assurance, or the pre-selection of component materials of products. May be used for the pre-selection of a material, providing positive results are obtained at a thickness equal to the smallest thickness used in the application. Has the status of a basic safety application in accordance with Guide 104.
Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr -- Teil 11-10: Prüfflammen - Prüfverfahren mit 50-W-Prüfflamme horizontal und vertikal
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu -- Partie 11-10: Flammes d'essai - Méthodes d'essai horizontale et verticale à la flamme de 50 W
Spécifie un mode opératoire de criblage à petite échelle en laboratoire pour comparer la réaction au feu relative d'éprouvettes, en position verticale ou horizontale, faites de plastiques ou autres matériaux non métalliques, exposées à une source d'allumage constituée d'une petite flamme, d'une puissance nominale de 50 W. Les présentes méthodes d'essai déterminent la vitesse linéaire de combustion et les durées de flamme et d'incandescence résiduelles ainsi que la longeur endommagée des éprouvettes. Elles sont applicables aux matériaux solides et alvéolaires ayant une masse volumique apparente supérieure ou égale à 250 kg/m3, déterminée conformément à l'ISO 845. Elles ne sont pas applicables aux matériaux qui se retractent devant la flamme appliquée sans s'allumer. Il convient d'utiliser l'ISO 9773 pour les matériaux minces et souples de cette sorte. Les présentes méthodes d'essai fournissent des systèmes de classification qui peuvent être utilisés pour l'assurance de qualité ou la présélection des matériaux constitutifs des produits. Les méthodes d'essai décrites peuvent être utilisées pour la présélection d'un matériau, sous réserve que des résultats acceptables soient obtenus sur une épaisseur d'éprouvette égale à la plus petite épaisseur utilisée dans l'application. A le statut d'une publication fondamentale de sécurité conformément au Guide 104 de la CEI.
Preskušanje požarne ogroženosti - 11-10. del: Preskusni plameni - Preskusne metode s 50-vatnim vodoravnim in navpičnim plamenom (IEC 60695-11-10:1999)
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr -- Teil 11-10: Prüfflammen - Prüfverfahren mit 50-W-Prüfflamme horizontal und vertikalEssais relatifs aux risques du feu -- Partie 11-10: Flammes d'essai - Méthodes d'essai horizontale et verticale à la flamme de 50 WFire hazard testing -- Part 11-10: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods29.020Elektrotehnika na splošnoElectrical engineering in general13.220.40Sposobnost vžiga in obnašanje materialov in proizvodov pri gorenjuIgnitability and burning behaviour of materials and productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 60695-11-10:1999SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000en01-september-2000SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 60707:20011DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
NORMEINTERNATIONALECEIIECINTERNATIONALSTANDARD60695-11-10Première éditionFirst edition1999-03Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –Partie 11-10:Flammes d’essai –Méthodes d’essai horizontale et verticaleà la flamme de 50 WFire hazard testing –Part 11-10:Test flames –50 W horizontal and verticalflame test methodsPour prix, voir catalogue en vigueurFor price, see current catalogueÓ IEC 1999
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Copyright - all rights reservedAucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite niutilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucunprocédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo-copie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur.No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized inany form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,including photocopying and microfilm, without permission inwriting from the publisher.International Electrotechnical Commission3, rue de Varembé
Geneva, SwitzerlandTelefax: +41 22 919 0300e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site
http://www.iec.chCODE PRIXPRICE CODESPUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉBASIC SAFETY PUBLICATIONSIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 3 –CONTENTSPageFOREWORD .5INTRODUCTION.7Clause1 Scope.112 Normative references.113 Definitions.134 Principle.135 Significance of test.156 Apparatus.177 Specimens.198 Test method A – Horizontal burning test.199 Test method B – Vertical burning test.25Annex A (informative) – Precision of test method A.41Annex B (informative) – Precision of test method B.43Bibliography.45Figures1Horizontal burning test apparatus.312Flexible specimen support fixture – method A.333Vertical burning test apparatus – method B.354Bar specimen.375Optional clearance gauge.39Tables1Vertical burning categories.27A.1Rate of burning.41B.1Afterflame and afterflame plus afterglow times.43SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 5 –INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION________FIRE HAZARD TESTING –Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and verticalflame test methodsFOREWORD1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprisingall national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promoteinternational co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. Tothis end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation isentrusted to technical committees; any IEC national Committee interested in the subject dealt with mayparticipate in this preparatory work. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization forStandardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.2)The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, aninternational consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representationfrom all interested National Committees.3)The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the formof standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.4)In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC InternationalStandards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Anydivergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearlyindicated in the latter.5)The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for anyequipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.6)Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subjectof patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Standard IEC 60695-11-10 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89:Fire hazard testing, and by subcommittee 4: Burning behaviour, of ISO technical committee 61:Plastics.This first edition replaces the pertinent parts of the first edition of IEC 60707 published in 1981.It cancels and replaces ISO 1210, published in 1992.This standard has the status of a basic safety standard in accordance with IEC Guide 104.The text of this standard is based on the following documents:FDISReport on voting89/315/FDIS89/326/RVDFull information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report onvoting indicated in the above table.Annexes A and B are for information only.SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 7 –INTRODUCTIONWhen considering the use of the tests in this International Standard it is important todistinguish the term "end-product test", meaning a fire hazard assessment test on a completedproduct, piece part, component or subassembly, from the term "pre-selection test", meaning acombustion characteristic test made on a material (piece part, component or subassembly).Pre-selection tests on materials normally use test pieces that have a standardized (simplistic)shapes, such as a rectangular bar or sheet, and are frequently prepared using standardizedmoulding procedures.It is emphasized that data using the pre-selection tests given in this standard need carefulconsideration to ensure their relevance to the intended application, and to avoid misuse anderroneous interpretation. The actual fire performance of a part or product is affected by itssurroundings, design variables such as shape and size, fabrication techniques, heat transfereffects, the type of potential ignition source and the length of exposure to it. It is important tobear in mind that these properties may also be affected by foreseeable use, abuse andenvironmental exposure.The advantages of a pre-selection procedure are listed below.a) A material which reacts more favourably than another, when tested as a standard testspecimen, will usually also react more favourably when used as a finished part in theproduct, provided that possible synergistic effects are avoided.b)Data concerning relevant combustion characteristics can aid the selection of materials,components and subassemblies during the design stage.c)The precision of pre-selection tests is usually higher, and their sensitivity may be superiorwhen compared with end-product tests.d)Pre-selection tests may be used in a decision-making process directed to minimize firehazard. Where applicable for the purpose of fire hazard assessment, they may lead toa reduction in the number of end-product tests, with a consequent reduction in the totaltesting effort.e) When fire hazard requirements need to be upgraded quickly, it may be possible to dothis by upgrading the requirements of a pre-selection test before modifying the end-producttest.f)The grading and classification obtained from the pre-selection test results may be used tospecify a basic minimum performance of materials used in product specifications.It should be noted that, when pre-selection testing is used to replace some of the end-producttesting, it is necessary to fix an increased margin of safety in an attempt to ensure satisfactoryperformance of the end-product. End-product testing may avoid restrictions in innovativedesign and in economic material selection imposed by a pre-selection procedure.Consequently, following a pre-selection procedure, it may be necessary to implement a valueanalysis on the end-product, in order not to overspecify the product beyond what is strictlyneeded.SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 9 –For electrotechnical products, IEC 60695-1-1 indicates that the risk of fire is present in anyelectrical circuit which is energized. With regard to this risk, the objective of component circuitand equipment design, and of the choice of material, is to reduce the likelihood of fire, even inthe event of foreseeable abnormal use, malfunction or failure. The practical aim is to preventignition due to the electrically energized part but, if ignition and fire occur, to control the fire,preferably within the bounds of the enclosure of the electrotechnical product.The best method for testing electrotechnical products with regard to fire hazards is to duplicateexactly the conditions occurring in practice. In most instances this is not possible. Accordingly,for practical reasons, the testing of electrotechnical products with regard to fire hazard is bestconducted by simulating as closely as possible the actual effects occurring in practice.IEC 60695-1-3 provides that pre-selection may be made on the basis of specified tests, and bythe use of specifications of the necessary resistance to fire and related combustioncharacteristics. It also outlines guidance that is intended to relate the specific function of theelectrotechnical product, its subassemblies and its parts to the tested properties of materials,and to demonstrate the significance and the limitations of such a pre-selection procedure.ISO/TR 10840 summarizes specific problems associated with the fire testing of plastics, whichshould be taken into account when assessing and interpreting test results.SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 11 –FIRE HAZARD TESTING –Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and verticalflame test methods1 ScopeThis part of IEC 60695 specifies a small-scale laboratory screening procedure for comparingthe relative burning behaviour of vertically or horizontally oriented specimens made from plasticand other non-metallic materials, exposed to a small-flame ignition source of 50 W nominalpower.These test methods determine the linear burning rate and the afterflame/afterglow times, aswell as the damaged length of specimens. They are applicable to solid and cellular materialsthat have an apparent density of not less than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance withISO 845. They do not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame withoutigniting; ISO 9773 should be used for thin flexible materials.The test methods described provide classification systems (see 8.4 and 9.4), which may beused for quality assurance, or the pre-selection of component materials of products.The methods may be used for the pre-selection of a material, providing positive results areobtained at a thickness equal to the smallest thickness used in the application.NOTE – Test results are influenced by material components, e.g. pigments, fillers and fire-retardants, andproperties such as the direction of anisotropy and the molecular mass.2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,constitute provisions of this part of IEC 60695. For dated references, subsequent amendmentsto, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreementsbased on this part of IEC 60695 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying themost recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, thelatest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintainregisters of currently valid International Standards.IEC 60695-2-2:1991, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 2: Needle-flame testIEC 60695-11-4,— Fire hazard testing – Part 11-4: Test flames – 50 W flames – Apparatus andconfirmational test methods 1)IEC 60695-11-20:1999, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-20: Test flames – 500 W flame testmethods________1)
To be published.SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 13 –IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publi-cations and group safety publicationsISO/IEC Guide 51:1990, Guidelines for the inclusion of safety aspects in standardsISO 291:1997, Plastics – Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 293:1986, Plastics – Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materialsISO 294 (all parts), Plastics – Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materialsISO 295:1991, Plastics – Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materialsISO 845:1988, Cellular plastics and rubbers – Determination of apparent (bulk) densityISO 9773:1998, Plastics – Determination of burning behaviour of thin flexible vertical specimensin contact with a small-flame ignition source3 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this part of IEC 60695, the following definitions apply:3.1afterflamepersistence of flaming of a material under specified test conditions, after the ignition sourcehas been removed3.2afterflame time t1, t2the length of time during which an afterflame persists3.3afterglowpersistence of glowing of a material under specified test conditions, after cessation of flamingor, if no flaming occurs, after the ignition source has been removed3.4afterglow time t3the length of time during which an afterglow persists4 PrincipleA rectangular bar-shaped test specimen is supported horizontally or vertically by one end andthe free end is exposed to a specified test flame. The burning behaviour of the horizontallysupported bar is assessed by measuring the linear burning rate. The burning behaviour of thevertically supported bar is assessed by measuring the afterflame and afterglow times, theextent of burning and dripping of flaming particles.SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 15 –5 Significance of test5.1
Tests made on a material under the conditions specified can be of considerable valuewhen comparing the relative burning behaviour of different materials, controlling manufacturingprocesses or assessing any change in burning characteristics. The results obtained from thesemethods are dependent on the shape, orientation and environment surrounding the specimen,and on the conditions of ignition.The significant feature of these test methods is the arrangement of the test specimens in eithera horizontal or a vertical position. These testing arrangements make it possible to distinguishbetween the different degrees of flammability of materials.The horizontal position of the test specimen in test method A, concerned with horizontalburning (HB), is particularly suitable for evaluating the extent of burning and/or the velocity offlame propagation, i.e. the linear burning rate.The vertical position of the test specimen in test method B, concerned with vertical burning (V),is particularly suitable for evaluating the extent of burning after removal of the test flame.NOTE 1 – The results obtained with the horizontal burning (HB) and vertical burning (V) methods are not equivalent.NOTE 2 – The results obtained with these methods and with the 5VA and 5VB burning tests specified in IEC 60695-11-20are not equivalent because the test flame is approximately 10 times less severe.5.2
Results obtained in accordance with this standard shall not be used to describe orappraise the fire hazard presented by a particular material or shape under actual fireconditions. Assessment of fire hazard requires consideration of such factors as fuelcontribution, intensity of burning (rate of heat release), products of combustion andenvironmental factors, including intensity of source, orientation of exposed material andventilation conditions.5.3
Burning behaviour, as measured by these test methods, is affected by such factors asdensity, any anisotropy of the material and the thickness of the test specimen.5.4
Certain specimens may shrink from or be distorted by the applied flame without igniting.In this event, additional test specimens will be required to obtain valid results. If valid resultscannot be obtained, these materials are not suitable for evaluation by these test methods.NOTE – For thin flexible specimens, and in cases where more than one test specimen shrinks from the appliedflame without igniting, ISO 9773 should be used.5.5
The burning behaviour of some plastic materials may change with time. It is accordinglyadvisable to carry out tests before and after ageing using an appropriate procedure. Thepreferred oven conditioning shall be seven days at 70 °C ± 2 °C. However, other ageing timesand temperatures may be used by agreement between the interested parties, and shall benoted in the test report.SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 17 –6 ApparatusThe apparatus shall be composed of the elements listed below.6.1 Laboratory fumehood/chamberThe laboratory fumehood/chamber shall have an inside volume of at least 0,5 m3. The chambershall permit observation of tests in progress and shall be draught-free, whilst allowing normalthermal circulation of air past the test specimen during burning. The inside surfaces of thechamber shall be of a dark colour. When a light meter, facing towards the rear of the chamber,is positioned in place of the test specimen, the recorded light level shall be less than 20 lx. Forsafety and convenience, it is desirable that this enclosure (which can be completely closed) befitted with an extraction device, such as an exhaust fan, to remove products of combustionwhich may be toxic. The extraction device shall be turned off during the test and turned onimmediately after the test to remove the fire effluents. A positive closing damper may beneeded.NOTE – Placing a mirror in the chamber, which provides a rear view of the test specimen, has been found useful.6.2 Laboratory burnerThe laboratory burner shall conform to IEC 60695-11-4, flames A, B or C.NOTE – ISO 10093 describes the burner as ignition source P/PF2 (50 W).6.3 Ring standThe ring stand shall have clamps or the equivalent, adjustable for the positioning of the testspecimen (see figures 1 and 3).6.4 Timing deviceThe timing device shall have a resolution of at least 0,5 s.6.5 Measuring scaleThe measuring scale shall be graduated in millimetres.6.6 Wire gauzeThe wire gauze shall be 20 mesh (approximately 20 openings per 25 mm), made with 0,40 mmto 0,45 mm diameter steel wire and cut into approximately 125 mm squares.6.7 Conditioning chamberIt shall be possible to maintain the conditioning chamber at 23 °C ± 2 °C and a relative humidityof 50 % ± 5 %.6.8 MicrometerThe micrometer shall have a resolution of at least 0,01 mm.6.9 Support fixtureThe support fixture shall be used for testing specimens that are not self-supporting (seefigure 2).SIST EN 60695-11-10:2000
60695-11-10 © IEC:1999– 19 –6.10 Desiccator chamberThe d
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