SIST ISO 24610-1:2013

Language resource management -- Feature structures -- Part 1: Feature structure representation

ISO 24610-1:2006 provides a format for the representation, storage and exchange of feature structures in natural language applications concerned with the annotation, production or analysis of linguistic data. It also defines a computer format for the description of constraints that bear on a set of features, feature values, feature specifications and operations on feature structures, thus offering a means of checking the conformance of each feature structure with regards to a reference specification.

Gestion des ressources linguistiques -- Structures de traits -- Partie 1: Représentation de structures de traits

Upravljanje z jezikovnimi viri - Strukture lastnosti - 1. del: Predstavitev struktur lastnosti

Strukture lastnosti so ključni sestavni del številnih jezikovnih formalizmov in osnovni mehanizmi za predstavitev informacij, ki jih predelajo ali oblikujejo aplikacije za jezikovno inženirstvo, ali ki so oblikovane za te aplikacije. Ta del standarda ISO 24610 zagotavlja format za predstavitev, shranjevanje in izmenjavo struktur lastnosti v aplikacijah za naravni jezik, ki označujejo, ustvarjajo ali analizirajo jezikovne podatke. Prav tako določa računalniški format za opis omejitev, ki veljajo za sklop lastnosti, vrednosti lastnosti, specifikacij lastnosti in operacij na strukturah lastnosti, in tako nudi način za preverjanje skladnosti vsake strukture lastnosti glede na referenčno specifikacijo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Jun-2013
• ICS: 01.020 - Terminology (principles and coordination)
• ICS: 01.140.20 - Information sciences
• ICS: 35.240.30 - IT applications in information, documentation and publishing
• Technical Committee: IDT - Information, documentation, language and terminology
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 10-Jun-2013
• Due Date: 15-Aug-2013
• Completion Date: 12-Jun-2013
• Ref Project: ISO 24610-1:2006 - Language resource management — Feature structures — Part 1: Feature structure representation

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2013
Upravljanje z jezikovnimi viri - Strukture lastnosti - 1. del: Predstavitev struktur
lastnosti
Language resource management -- Feature structures -- Part 1: Feature structure
representation
Gestion des ressources linguistiques -- Structures de traits -- Partie 1: Représentation de
structures de traits
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 24610-1:2006
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24610-1
FIrst edition
2006-04-15
Language resource management —
Feature structures —
Part 1:
Feature structure representation
Gestion des ressources linguistiques — Structures de traits —
Partie 1: Représentation de structures de traits

Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 General characteristics of feature structure. 4
4.1 Overview. 4
4.2 Use of feature structures . 4
4.3 Basic concepts. 5
4.4 Notations . 5
4.4.1 Overview. 5
4.4.2 Graph notation . 6
4.4.3 Matrix notation . 7
4.4.4 XML-based notation. 8
4.5 Structure sharing. 10
4.6 Collections as complex feature values. 12
4.6.1 Overview. 12
4.6.2 Lists as feature values . 12
4.6.3 Sets as feature values . 14
4.6.4 Multisets as feature values . 15
4.7 Typed feature structure. 16
4.7.1 Overview. 16
4.7.2 Types. 16
4.7.3 Notations . 16
4.8 Subsumption: relation on feature structures . 18
4.8.1 Overview. 18
4.8.2 Definition . 18
4.8.3 Condition A on path values . 19
4.8.4 Condition B on structure sharing . 19
4.8.5 Condition C on type ordering . 20
4.9 Operations on feature structures and feature values. 21
4.9.1 Overview. 21
4.9.2 Compatibility . 21
4.9.3 Unification . 22
4.9.4 Unification of shared structures . 22
4.10 Operations on feature values and types . 23
4.10.1 Concatenation and union operations . 23
4.10.2 Alternation. 24
4.10.3 Negation. 25
4.11 Informal semantics of feature structures. 27
5 XML Representation of feature structures. 29
5.1 Overview. 29
5.2 Organization . 29
5.3 Elementary feature structures and the binary feature value. 30
5.4 Other atomic feature values . 32
5.5 Feature and feature-value libraries . 35
5.6 Feature structures as complex feature values .37
5.7 Re-entrant feature structures . 40
5.8 Collections as complex feature values. 41
5.9 Feature value expressions. 44
5.9.1 Overview. 44
5.9.2 Alternation. 44
5.9.3 Negation. 47
5.9.4 Collection of values . 48
5.10 Default values. 48
5.11 Linking text and analysis . 50
Annex A (informative) Formal definitions and implementation of the XML representation of
feature structures. 54
A.1 Overview. 54
A.2 RELAX NG specification for the module . 54
Annex B (informative) Examples for illustration . 60
Annex C (informative) Type inheritance hierarchies. 62
C.1 Overview. 62
C.2 Definition. 62
C.3 Multiple inheritance . 64
C.4 Type constraints . 64
Annex D (informative) Denotational semantics of feature structure. 66
D.1 Feature structure signatures . 66
D.2 Feature structure algebra. 66
D.3 FS domains. 67
D.4 Feature structure interpretations . 68
D.5 Satisfiability . 68
D.6 Subsumption . 68
D.7 Unification. 69
Annex E (informative) Use of feature structures in applications. 70
E.1 Overview. 70
E.2 Phonological representation. 70
E.3 Grammar formalisms or theories . 70
E.4 Computational implementations .
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2013
Upravljanje z jezikovnimi viri - Strukture lastnosti - 1. del: Predstavitev struktur
lastnosti
Language resource management -- Feature structures -- Part 1: Feature structure
representation
Gestion des ressources linguistiques -- Structures de traits -- Partie 1: Représentation de
structures de traits
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 24610-1:2006
ICS:
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24610-1
FIrst edition
2006-04-15
Language resource management —
Feature structures —
Part 1:
Feature structure representation
Gestion des ressources linguistiques — Structures de traits —
Partie 1: Représentation de structures de traits

Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 General characteristics of feature structure. 4
4.1 Overview. 4
4.2 Use of feature structures . 4
4.3 Basic concepts. 5
4.4 Notations . 5
4.4.1 Overview. 5
4.4.2 Graph notation . 6
4.4.3 Matrix notation . 7
4.4.4 XML-based notation. 8
4.5 Structure sharing. 10
4.6 Collections as complex feature values. 12
4.6.1 Overview. 12
4.6.2 Lists as feature values . 12
4.6.3 Sets as feature values . 14
4.6.4 Multisets as feature values . 15
4.7 Typed feature structure. 16
4.7.1 Overview. 16
4.7.2 Types. 16
4.7.3 Notations . 16
4.8 Subsumption: relation on feature structures . 18
4.8.1 Overview. 18
4.8.2 Definition . 18
4.8.3 Condition A on path values . 19
4.8.4 Condition B on structure sharing . 19
4.8.5 Condition C on type ordering . 20
4.9 Operations on feature structures and feature values. 21
4.9.1 Overview. 21
4.9.2 Compatibility . 21
4.9.3 Unification . 22
4.9.4 Unification of shared structures . 22
4.10 Operations on feature values and types . 23
4.10.1 Concatenation and union operations . 23
4.10.2 Alternation. 24
4.10.3 Negation. 25
4.11 Informal semantics of feature structures. 27
5 XML Representation of feature structures. 29
5.1 Overview. 29
5.2 Organization . 29
5.3 Elementary feature structures and the binary feature value. 30
5.4 Other atomic feature values . 32
5.5 Feature and feature-value libraries . 35
5.6 Feature structures as complex feature values .37
5.7 Re-entrant feature structures . 40
5.8 Collections as complex feature values. 41
5.9 Feature value expressions. 44
5.9.1 Overview. 44
5.9.2 Alternation. 44
5.9.3 Negation. 47
5.9.4 Collection of values . 48
5.10 Default values. 48
5.11 Linking text and analysis . 50
Annex A (informative) Formal definitions and implementation of the XML representation of
feature structures. 54
A.1 Overview. 54
A.2 RELAX NG specification for the module . 54
Annex B (informative) Examples for illustration . 60
Annex C (informative) Type inheritance hierarchies. 62
C.1 Overview. 62
C.2 Definition. 62
C.3 Multiple inheritance . 64
C.4 Type constraints . 64
Annex D (informative) Denotational semantics of feature structure. 66
D.1 Feature structure signatures . 66
D.2 Feature structure algebra. 66
D.3 FS domains. 67
D.4 Feature structure interpretations . 68
D.5 Satisfiability . 68
D.6 Subsumption . 68
D.7 Unification. 69
Annex E (informative) Use of feature structures in applications. 70
E.1 Overview. 70
E.2 Phonological representation. 70
E.3 Grammar formalisms or theories . 70
E.4 Computational implementations . 71
Bibliography .
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24610-1
FIrst edition
2006-04-15
Language resource management —
Feature structures —
Part 1:
Feature structure representation
Gestion des ressources linguistiques — Structures de traits —
Partie 1: Représentation de structures de traits

Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 General characteristics of feature structure. 4
4.1 Overview. 4
4.2 Use of feature structures . 4
4.3 Basic concepts. 5
4.4 Notations . 5
4.4.1 Overview. 5
4.4.2 Graph notation . 6
4.4.3 Matrix notation . 7
4.4.4 XML-based notation. 8
4.5 Structure sharing. 10
4.6 Collections as complex feature values. 12
4.6.1 Overview. 12
4.6.2 Lists as feature values . 12
4.6.3 Sets as feature values . 14
4.6.4 Multisets as feature values . 15
4.7 Typed feature structure. 16
4.7.1 Overview. 16
4.7.2 Types. 16
4.7.3 Notations . 16
4.8 Subsumption: relation on feature structures . 18
4.8.1 Overview. 18
4.8.2 Definition . 18
4.8.3 Condition A on path values . 19
4.8.4 Condition B on structure sharing . 19
4.8.5 Condition C on type ordering . 20
4.9 Operations on feature structures and feature values. 21
4.9.1 Overview. 21
4.9.2 Compatibility . 21
4.9.3 Unification . 22
4.9.4 Unification of shared structures . 22
4.10 Operations on feature values and types . 23
4.10.1 Concatenation and union operations . 23
4.10.2 Alternation. 24
4.10.3 Negation. 25
4.11 Informal semantics of feature structures. 27
5 XML Representation of feature structures. 29
5.1 Overview. 29
5.2 Organization . 29
5.3 Elementary feature structures and the binary feature value. 30
5.4 Other atomic feature values . 32
5.5 Feature and feature-value libraries . 35
5.6 Feature structures as complex feature values .37
5.7 Re-entrant feature structures . 40
5.8 Collections as complex feature values. 41
5.9 Feature value expressions. 44
5.9.1 Overview. 44
5.9.2 Alternation. 44
5.9.3 Negation. 47
5.9.4 Collection of values . 48
5.10 Default values. 48
5.11 Linking text and analysis . 50
Annex A (informative) Formal definitions and implementation of the XML representation of
feature structures. 54
A.1 Overview. 54
A.2 RELAX NG specification for the module . 54
Annex B (informative) Examples for illustration . 60
Annex C (informative) Type inheritance hierarchies. 62
C.1 Overview. 62
C.2 Definition. 62
C.3 Multiple inheritance . 64
C.4 Type constraints . 64
Annex D (informative) Denotational semantics of feature structure. 66
D.1 Feature structure signatures . 66
D.2 Feature structure algebra. 66
D.3 FS domains. 67
D.4 Feature structure interpretations . 68
D.5 Satisfiability . 68
D.6 Subsumption . 68
D.7 Unification. 69
Annex E (informative) Use of feature structures in applications. 70
E.1 Overview. 70
E.2 Phonological representation. 70
E.3 Grammar formalisms or theories . 70
E.4 Computational implementations . 71
Bibliography . 75

iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the IS
...