SIST EN 15180:2015
(Main)Food processing machinery - Food depositors - Safety and hygiene requirements
Food processing machinery - Food depositors - Safety and hygiene requirements
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to food depositors as defined in Clause 3 and the equipment typically associated with them, i. e. product pumps, product elevators, conveyors and indexing mechanisms, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
This document deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during transport, assembly and installation, commissioning and use as defined in EN ISO 12100-1, Clause 5.3.
This standard is not applicable to the following machines:
- auger depositors or auger fillers and gravimetric filling machines; safety requirements for these machines are contained in EN 415-3:2000;
- filling machines for sausages, safety requirements for these machines are contained in EN 12463:2004;
- food depositors that are powered exclusively by manual effort.
This document is not applicable to food depositors that were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard.
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefähr-dungsereignisse, die auf Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen, wie in Abschnitt 3 definiert, zutreffen, sowie auf die typischerweise mit ihnen verbundenen Geräte, d. h. Produktpumpen, Produkthebevorrichtungen, Förder-einrichtungen und Taktgeber, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter Bedingungen von durch den Hersteller vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Dieses Dokument behandelt die signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungs-ereignisse während des Transports, der Montage und der Installation, der Inbetriebnahme und der Verwendung, wie in EN ISO 12100, 5.4, festgelegt.
ANMERKUNG 1 Entsprechend der vorstehend genannten Verweisung umfasst „Verwendung“ das Einrichten, das Einlernen (Teachen)/Programmieren oder das Umrüsten, den Betrieb, die Reinigung, die Fehlersuche und die Instand-haltung.
ANMERKUNG 2 Obwohl diese Norm für Portioniermaschinen anzuwenden ist, die in der Nahrungsmittelindustrie eingesetzt werden, können viele der Anforderungen auch für ähnliche Maschinen angewendet werden, die in anderen Industriezweigen zum Einsatz kommen.
Die vorliegende Norm gilt nicht für die folgenden Maschinen:
- Schneckenportionierer oder Schnecken-Füllmaschinen und gravimetrische Dosierer. Sicherheitsanfor-derungen für diese Maschinen sind in EN 415-3:1999+A1:2009 enthalten;
- Füllmaschinen für Wurstwaren. Sicherheitsanforderungen für diese Maschinen sind in EN 12463:2004+
A1:2011 enthalten;
Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen, die ausschließlich von Hand betrieben werden.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht die Gefährdungen in Bezug auf den Einsatz von Portioniermaschinen in einer potentiell explosionsfähigen Atmosphäre.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen, die vor dem Tag der Veröffentlichung als Europäische Norm gebaut wurden.
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Doseuses alimentaires - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et l'hygiène
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux, situations et événements dangereux significatifs spécifiques aux doseuses alimentaires telles que définies à l’Article 3 et aux équipements qui leurs sont spécifiquement associés, c’est à dire : les pompes, les ascendeurs, les convoyeurs et les mécanismes à encliquetage, lorsqu’elles sont utilisées normalement et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Article 4).
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux, situations et événements dangereux significatifs relatifs au transport, à l’assemblage et à l’installation, à la mise en service et à l’utilisation tels que définis dans l’EN ISO 121, paragraphe 5.4.
La présente norme ne s’applique pas aux machines suivantes :
- machines à former, remplir et sceller ; les prescriptions de sécurité applicables à ces machines sont contenues dans l’EN 415-3:1999+A1:2009 ;
- les machines à remplir les saucisses, les prescriptions de sécurité applicables à ces machines sont contenues dans l’EN 12463:2004+A1:2011 ;
- doseuses alimentaires actionnées uniquement par un effort manuel ;
Le présent document ne traite pas des phénomènes dangereux liés à une utilisation de doseuses alimentaires dans une atmosphère potentiellement explosible.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux doseuses alimentaires qui ont été fabriquées avant la date de publication de la présente Norme européenne.
Stroji za predelavo hrane - Dodajalne naprave - Varnostne in higienske zahteve
Ta evropski standard opisuje vsa večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke v zvezi z dodajalnimi napravami, kot je določeno v točki 3, ter opremo, običajno povezano z njimi, tj. s črpalkami izdelka, dvigali izdelka, transporterji in mehanizmi za indeksiranje, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec.
Ta dokument opisuje večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke, ki se pojavijo med transportom, sestavljanjem in nameščanjem, začetkom obratovanja ter uporabo, kot je opredeljeno v točki 5.3 standarda EN ISO 12100-1.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za naslednje stroje:
– dodajalne naprave s svedrom ali polnilce s svedrom in gravimetrične polnilne naprave; varnostne zahteve za te stroje so navedene v standardu EN 415-3:2000;
– polnilnike za klobase; varnostne naprave za te stroje so navedene v standardu EN 12463:2004;
– dodajalne naprave, ki se napajajo izključno z ročno silo.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za dodajalne naprave, ki so bile izdelane pred datumom objave dokumenta kot evropskega standarda.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Stroji za predelavo hrane - Dodajalne naprave - Varnostne in higienske zahteveNahrungsmittelmaschinen - Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen - Sicherheits- und HygieneanforderungenMachines pour les produits alimentaires - Doseuses alimentaires - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et l'hygièneFood processing machinery - Food depositors - Safety and hygiene requirements67.260Tovarne in oprema za živilsko industrijoPlants and equipment for the food industryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15180:2014SIST EN 15180:2015en,fr,de01-januar-2015SIST EN 15180:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15180:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15180
November 2014 ICS 67.260 English Version
Food processing machinery - Food depositors - Safety and hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Doseuses alimentaires - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et l'hygiène
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15180:2014 ESIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 Introduction .5 1 Scope .6 1.1 General .6 1.2 Types of food depositors .6 2 Normative references .9 3 Terms and definitions . 11 4 List of significant hazards . 12 4.1 General . 12 4.2 General food depositor hazards . 12 4.3 Hazards associated with a piston depositor . 16 4.4 Hazards associated with a chamber depositor . 18 4.5 Hazards associated with a roller depositor . 20 4.6 Hazards associated with a pump depositor . 21 4.7 Hazards associated with a screw depositor . 23 5 Safety requirements and/protective measures . 24 5.1 General . 24 5.2 General requirements for food depositors . 24 5.3 Safety requirements for a piston depositor . 32 5.4 Safety requirements for a chamber depositor . 34 5.5 Safety requirements for a roller depositor . 34 5.6 Safety requirements for a pump depositor . 35 5.7 Safety requirements for a screw depositor . 36 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 37 6.1 Introduction . 37 6.2 Visual inspections . 40 6.3 Function tests . 40 6.4 Measurements . 40 6.5 Design Verification . 41 6.6 Hazardous product and cleaning material related requirements . 41 7 Information for use . 41 7.1 General . 41 7.2 Signal and warning devices . 41 7.3 Accompanying documents (in particular the instruction handbook) . 42 7.4 Marking . 43 Annex A (normative)
Noise test code . 44 A.1 Scope . 44 A.2 Terms and definitions . 44 A.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level . 44 A.4 Sound power level determination . 44 A.5 Installation and mounting conditions . 45 A.6 Operating conditions . 45 A.7 Measurement uncertainties . 45 A.8 Information to be recorded . 46 A.9 Information to be reported . 46 SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 3 A.10 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 46 Annex B (informative)
Correlation between Clauses 4, 5 and 7 . 48 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC on Machinery . 51 Bibliography . 52
SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15180:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Machinery intended for use with foodstuffs and feed”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2006/42/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 5 Introduction Food depositors are used extensively in Europe, in commercial and industrial food preparation applications. They present some health and safety hazards that have the potential to cause serious injury. This document is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this Type C-standard are different from those, which are stated in Type A- or -B-Standards, the provisions of this Type C-standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C-standard. SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope 1.1 General This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to food depositors as defined in 1.2.2 to 1.2.6 and the equipment typically integrated into them, i.e. product pumps, product elevators, conveyors and indexing mechanisms, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during transport, assembly and installation, commissioning, use and decommissioning as defined in EN ISO 12100. NOTE 1 According to the clause which is referred to, “use” includes “setting, teaching/programming or process changeover, operation, cleaning, fault finding and maintenance”. NOTE 2 Although this standard is intended to apply to depositors used in the food industry, many of its requirements can also be used for similar machines used in other industries. This European Standard is not applicable to the following machines: — auger depositors or auger fillers and gravimetric filling machines, safety requirements for these machines are contained in EN 415-3; — automatic dough dividers, safety requirements for these machines are contained in EN 12042; — filling machines for sausages, safety requirements for these machines are contained in EN 12463; — mincing machines, safety requirements for these machines are contained in EN 12331; — food depositors that are powered exclusively by manual effort. This document does not deal with the hazards related to the use of food depositors in a potentially explosive atmosphere. This European Standard is not applicable to food depositors that were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard. 1.2 Types of food depositors 1.2.1 General This European Standard deals with five different types of food depositors. These machines can be free standing machines or be assemblies incorporated into other machines e.g. pie and tart machines. Food depositors may work fully automatically integrated with a product conveyor or product indexing mechanism or semi-automatically discharging a deposit when required by an operator. 1.2.2 Piston depositor A piston depositor typically comprises a hopper, a rotary valve, a product measuring chamber in the form of a piston and a product dispensing valve. Some piston depositors incorporate several product measuring chambers and dispensing valves. Some designs dispense the product directly from the rotary valve without the use of a separate product dispensing valve. The volume of product dispensed is varied by altering the stroke of the product measuring chamber piston. Piston depositors are used to fill liquids, liquids containing solids in suspension and pastes. The product dispensing valve may be attached rigidly to the depositor or SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 7 using a flexible pipe and in some cases is held by the operator. Figure 1 shows the typical cross section of a piston depositor.
Figure 1 — Piston depositor 1.2.3 Chamber depositor A chamber depositor comprises a hopper feeding one or more product measuring chambers that are filled under gravity from the top. When the chamber has been filled with product the flow of product is stopped either by moving the chamber or using a product cutting device. The chamber is then discharged through the bottom of the chamber either by moving the chamber or by moving a plate in the base of the chamber. The volume of product dispensed is varied by altering the volume of the chamber. Chamber depositors are typically used to deposit free-flowing products like cooked rice or pasta. Figure 2 shows the typical cross section of a chamber depositor.
Figure 2 — Chamber depositor SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 8 1.2.4 Roller depositor A roller depositor typically comprises a hopper that feeds product to two or more fluted contra-rotating rollers. These rollers force the product through one or more dies that shape the product. The product is then separated using a product cutting device like a wire cut mechanism. On some designs of the machine the dies are moved while the product is dispensed to produce a shaped product. The volume of product dispensed is varied by altering the timing of the product cut-off device. Roller depositors are typically used to deposit dough or confectionery products. Figure 3 shows the typical cross section of a roller depositor.
Figure 3 — Roller depositor 1.2.5 Pump depositor A pump depositor comprises a hopper that feeds a pump which in turn feeds pipe-work on which are mounted one or more product dispensing valves. The dispensing valves may remain fixed, move up and down or from side to side in synchronization with a product conveyor. The volume of product dispensed is varied by altering the length of time that the dispensing valves are open. Pump depositors are typically used to deposit liquids or liquids containing finely divided solids Figure 4 shows the typical cross section of a pump depositor.
Figure 4 —Pump depositor SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 9 1.2.6 Screw depositor A screw depositor comprises a hopper in which a screw is mounted. When the screw rotates it draws product from the hopper into a pipe. The hopper may be equipped with stirrers to move the product towards the screw and a product measuring chamber or product dispensing valve may be fitted to the discharge of the screw. The volume of product can be varied by increasing or decreasing the speed of the screw, by varying the volume of the measuring chamber or by controlling the actuation of the product dispensing valve. Screw depositors are typically used to deposit dough, pastes or creams. Figure 5 shows the typical cross section of a screw depositor.
Figure 5 — Screw depositor 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles for design EN 614 (all parts), Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles EN 618, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of bulk materials except fixed belt conveyors EN 619, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads EN 620, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for fixed belt conveyors for bulk materials EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control — Part 2: Displays SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 10 EN 894-3, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control — Part 3: Control actuators EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1672-2, Food processing machinery — Basic concepts — Part 2: Hygiene requirements EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529) EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007) EN 61310-3, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators (IEC 61310-3) EN 61496-1:2004, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2002, modified) EN ISO 3744, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744) EN ISO 4413, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413) EN ISO 4414, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4414) EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections (ISO 11202:2010) EN ISO 11204, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections (ISO 11204) EN ISO 12001:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Rules for the drafting and presentation of a noise test code (ISO 12001:1996) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 11 EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery —Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850) EN ISO 13855, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of parts of the human body (ISO 13855) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection (ISO 14119:2013) EN ISO 14122-1, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1) EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2) EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 product material processed in a food depositor which may be a liquid, e.g. sauce, liquid containing suspended solids, e.g. batter, paste, e.g. biscuit dough or solids, e.g. cooked rice 3.2 food depositor machine that dispenses a food product in a predetermined volume or shape 3.3 product cutting device mechanism that separates portions of food from a bulk supply of product Note 1 to entry: Typical devices include rotary valves, wire-cut mechanisms, shear blades and iris valves. 3.4 product dispensing valve mechanism that controls the flow of product at the point of product delivery Note 1 to entry: Typical devices include rotary valves, seating valves and slide valves. SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 12 3.5 product measuring chamber chamber that is filled with product to measure out a predetermined volume of product and that will typically incorporate a mechanism that allows the volume of the chamber to be varied so that the volume of product dispensed can be changed 3.6 rise and fall mechanism mechanism which is used to raise and lower a product dispensing valve to suit a particular container or dispensing requirement 3.7 D-valve rotary valve with a rotating element, which has a D-shaped cross-section (see Figure 1), used in a piston depositor to move product from the hopper to the product measuring chamber and from the product measuring chamber to the product dispensing valve 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk (see Table 1) in Annex B. The hazards that can occur on all food depositors are listed in 4.2, and the hazards that are specific to particular types of food depositor are listed in 4.3 to 4.7. 4.2 General food depositor hazards 4.2.1 Introduction The following hazards can occur on all food depositors. 4.2.2 Mechanical hazards 4.2.2.1 Moving parts Food depositors incorporate moving parts which present a variety of mechanical hazards including crushing, shearing, cutting, entanglement, friction, drawing-in. Some of these hazards may persist after the power supply has been cut off, due to stored energy. 4.2.2.2 Risks that may arise from hygienic design features 4.2.2.2.1 Use of quick release fixings Food depositors are frequently fitted with quick release fixings that can be undone without the use of tools, so that machines can be dismantled quickly for cleaning. A risk can arise if undoing these quick release fixings allows access to danger zones. 4.2.2.2.2 Cleaning under machines There is a risk from danger zones on food depositors, when operators reach under guards to clean the machine or the floor under the machine when it is in motion. SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 13 4.2.2.2.3 Spillage trays Food depositors may be fitted with trays to collect spillages of food from the machine. It is good hygienic design practice for spillage trays to be easily removable so that product can be emptied frequently; however, when the trays are removed, the operator may be exposed to danger zones on the machine. 4.2.2.3 High pressure fluid injection or ejection hazards Where food depositors contain pressurized product there is a risk of this product ejecting in an uncontrolled way during troubleshooting or cleaning. If compressed air or pressurized hydraulic fluid comes into contact with the skin, it can enter the skin or blood stream and result in a variety of health damaging effects. 4.2.3 Electrical hazards 4.2.3.1 Electrical equipment Electrical equipment on the machine generates a potential electric shock and burn hazard. In the presence of combustible materials there is a potential fire hazard. Electrical systems may act as an ignition source. In the presence of flammable substances or products that may create explosive atmospheres, this could give rise to an explosion hazard. If liquids, e.g. product spillage or cleaning substances like water, come into contact with the electrical conductors, there is a risk of electric shock. 4.2.3.2 Electrostatic phenomena Electrostatic discharges can be a source of ignition for flammable substances or explosive atmospheres, e.g. flour dust. 4.2.4 Thermal hazards Some food products are deposited while hot. Scalding hazards may be caused by direct contact with the product, and burning hazards may be caused by contact with hot surfaces on the machine. 4.2.5 Noise The main sources of noise on food depositors are drive mechanisms and compressed air exhaust. Food depositors may generate noise which can result in hearing damage, in accidents due to interference with speech communication and interference with the perception of acoustic signals. 4.2.6 Hazards generated by materials and substances 4.2.6.1 Hazards from products Food depositors are used to deposit a wide range of products, some of which may be potentially hazardous to people operating or in the vicinity of the machine. Hazards generated by the product can include: a) inhalation of harmful substances, e.g. wheat flour, spices; b) burning or scalding hazards, e.g. from hot products. SIST EN 15180:2015
EN 15180:2014 (E) 14 4.2.6.2 Hazards from cleaning media The chemicals used to clean and disinfect food depositors can be hazardous, particularly in their concentrated form. Hazards can arise if the chemicals: a) come into contact with the skin; b) are swallowed; c) are inhaled in the form of an aerosol, e.g. if used in conjunction with a high-pressure hose or compressed air. Where high pressure water is used to clean machines there is a risk of cutting hazards if the water contacts the skin and electric shock if the water enters electrical enclosures. 4.2.7 Hazards due to neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design Hazards to safety and health can occur when people are carrying out the following activities on food depositors: a) operating the depositor e.g. assuming a poor posture; b) loading product into the hopper e.g. assuming a bad posture, using excessive effort, fatigue; c) cleaning the machine e.g. assuming a bad posture, using excessive effort; d) maintenance e.g. assuming a bad posture, using excessive effort; e) moving the machine e.g. using excessive effort, fatigue. 4.2.8 Unexpected start-up or unexpected overrun 4.2.8.1 Failure of control system Unexpected start-up can occur if components in safety-related parts of contro
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15180:2011
01-december-2011
Stroji za predelavo hrane - Dodajalne naprave - Varnostne in higienske zahteve
Food processing machinery - Food depositors - Safety and hygiene requirements
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen - Sicherheits- und
Hygieneanforderungen
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Doseuses alimentaires - Prescriptions relatives
à la sécurité et l'hygiène
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15180
ICS:
67.260 Tovarne in oprema za Plants and equipment for the
živilsko industrijo food industry
oSIST prEN 15180:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15180:2011
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oSIST prEN 15180:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15180
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2011
ICS 67.260
English Version
Food processing machinery - Food depositors - Safety and
hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Doseuses Nahrungsmittelmaschinen -
alimentaires - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et Nahrungsmittelportioniermaschinen - Sicherheits- und
l'hygiène Hygieneanforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 153.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15180:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .5
Introduction .6
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and Definitions .9
3.1 Terms .9
3.2 Types of food depositor . 10
4 List of significant hazards . 12
4.1 General . 12
4.2 General food depositor hazards . 13
4.3 Hazards associated with a piston depositor . 17
4.4 Hazards associated with a chamber depositor . 19
4.5 Hazards associated with a roller depositor . 20
4.6 Hazards associated with a pump depositor . 21
4.7 Hazards associated with a screw depositor . 22
5 Safety requirements and protective measures . 23
5.1 General . 23
5.2 General requirements for food depositors . 24
5.3 Safety requirements for a piston depositor . 31
5.4 Safety requirements for a chamber depositor . 34
5.5 Safety requirements for a roller depositor . 34
5.6 Safety requirements for a pump depositor . 35
5.7 Safety requirements for a screw depositor . 35
6 Verification of the safety requirements an/or protective measures . 36
6.1 Introduction . 36
6.2 Visual inspections . 38
6.3 Function tests . 39
6.4 Measurements . 39
6.5 Design Verification . 40
6.6 Hazardous product and cleaning material related requirements . 40
7 Information for use . 40
7.1 General . 40
7.2 Signal and warning devices . 40
7.3 Accompanying documents (in particular the instruction handbook) . 41
7.4 Marking . 42
Annex A (normative) Noise Test Code . 43
A.1 Scope . 43
A.2 Terms and definitions . 43
A.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level . 43
A.4 Sound power level determination . 43
A.5 Installation and mounting conditions . 43
A.6 Operating conditions . 44
A.7 Measurement uncertainties . 44
A.8 Information to be recorded . 44
A.9 Information to be reported . 44
A.10 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 45
Annex B (informative) Correlation between Clauses 4, 5 and 7 . 46
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Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 49
Bibliography . 50
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Figures
Figure 1 — Piston depositor . 10
Figure 2 — Chamber depositor . 11
Figure 3 — Roller depositor . 11
Figure 4 — Pump depositor . 12
Figure 5 — Screw depositor . 12
Figure 6 — Food depositor equipped with wheels . 16
Figure 7 — Typical components on a piston depositor . 17
Figure 8 — Typical components on a chamber depositor . 19
Figure 9 — Typical components on a roller depositor . 20
Figure 10 — Typical components on a pump depositor . 21
Figure 11 — Typical components on a screw depositor . 22
Figure 12 — Prohibition symbol "Do not reach in" . 40
Figure 13 — Warning sign "Caution, hot surface" . 41
Tables
Table 1 — Degree of protection for dusty environments . 26
Table 2 — Degree of protection for different cleaning methods using water . 26
Table 3 — Verification procedures for safety requirements identified in Clause 5.2 . 37
Table 4 — Verification procedures for safety requirements identified in Clauses 5.3-5.7 . 38
Table A.1 — Noise emission declaration (the values in this table are examples) . 45
Table B.1 — Correlation between Clauses 4, 5 and 7 . 46
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Foreword
This document (prEN 15180:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Machinery
intended for use with foodstuffs and feed”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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Introduction
Food depositors are used extensively in Europe, in commercial and industrial food preparation applications.
They present some health and safety hazards that have the potential to cause serious injury.
This document is a Type C-standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this standard.
When provisions of this Type C-standard are different from those, which are stated in Type A- or B-Standards,
the provisions of this Type C-standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C-standard.
1 Scope
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to food
depositors as defined in Clause 3 and the equipment typically associated with them i.e. product pumps,
product elevators, conveyors and indexing mechanisms, when they are used as intended and under
conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This document deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during transport, assembly
and installation, commissioning and use as defined in EN ISO 12100, Clause 5.4.
NOTE 1 According to the clause referred to, "use" includes setting, teaching/programming or process changeover,
operation, cleaning, fault finding and maintenance.
NOTE 2 Although this standard is intended to apply to depositors used in the food industry, many of its requirements
can also be used for similar machines used in other industries.
This standard is not applicable to the following machines:
auger depositors or auger fillers and gravimetric filling machines; safety requirements for these machines
are contained in EN 415-3:1999+A1:2009;
filling machines for sausages, safety requirements for these machines are contained in
EN 12463:2004+A1:2011;
food depositors that are powered exclusively by manual effort.
This document does not deal with the hazards related to the use of food depositors in a potentially explosive
atmosphere.
This document is not applicable to food depositors that were manufactured before the date of its publication
as a European Standard.
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2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of Machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles
for design
EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics design principles — Part 1: Terminology and
general principles
EN 614-2:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 2: Interactions between
the design of machinery and work tasks
EN 619:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for
equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads
EN 620:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for
fixed belt conveyors for bulk materials
EN 626-1:1994+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances
emitted by machinery — Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers
EN 626-2:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Reduction of risk to health from hazardous substances
emitted by machinery — Part 2: Methodology leading to verification procedures
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 3: Control actuators
EN 953:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and
construction of fixed and movable guards
EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling
of machinery and component parts of machinery
EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended
force limits for machinery operation
EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
EN 1088:1995+A2:2008, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection
EN 1127-1:2007, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts
and methodology
EN 1672-2:2005+A1:2009, Food processing machinery — Basic concepts — Part 2: Hygiene requirements
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EN 1760-2:2001+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General
principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive edges and pressure sensitive bars
EN 13478:2001+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and protection
EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204:2005)
EN 60529:1991+A1:2000, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989+A1:1999)
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual,
audible and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007)
EN 61310-3:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the
location and operation of actuators (IEC 61310-3:2007)
EN 61496-1:2004+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, mod. + A1:2007)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 3746:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting
plane (ISO 3746:2010)
EN ISO 3747:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering/survey methods for use in situ in a reverberant environment
(ISO 3747:2010)
EN ISO 4413:2011, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2011, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 9614-2:2009, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
intensity — Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996)
EN ISO 11161:2007+A1:2010, Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic
requirements (ISO 11161:2007 + Amd 1:2010)
EN ISO 11200:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Guidelines for the use of
basic standards for the determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other
specified positions (ISO 11200:1995)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental
corrections (ISO 11202:2010)
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EN ISO 11203:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level
(ISO 11203:1995)
EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental
corrections (ISO 11204:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12001:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Rules for the drafting and
presentation of a noise test code (ISO 12001:1996)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)
EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010)
EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)
EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of
fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001)
EN ISO 14122-2:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001)
EN ISO 14122-3:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001)
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12100:2010 and the following apply.
3.1.1
product
material processed in a food depositor which may be a liquid e. g. sauce, liquid containing suspended solids
e. g. batter, paste e. g. biscuit dough or solids e. g. cooked rice
3.1.2
food depositor
machine that dispenses a food product in a predetermined volume or shape
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3.1.3
product cutting device
mechanism that separates portions of food from a bulk supply of product. Typical devices include rotary
valves, wire-cut mechanisms, shear blades and iris valves
3.1.4
product dispensing valve
mechanism that controls the flow of product at the point of product delivery. Typical devices include rotary
valves, seating valves and slide valves
3.1.5
product measuring chamber
chamber that is filled with product to measure out a predetermined volume of product. Typically the chamber
will incorporate a mechanism that allows the volume of the chamber to be varied so that the volume of product
dispensed can be changed
3.1.6
rise and fall mechanism
mechanism used to raise and lower a product dispensing valve to suit a particular container or dispensing
requirement
3.1.7
D-valve
rotary valve with a rotating element, which has a D-shaped cross-section
3.2 Types of food depositor
This document deals with five different types of food depositors. These machines can be free standing
machines or be assemblies incorporated into other machines e. g. pie and tart machines. Food depositors
may work fully automatically integrated with a product conveyor or product indexing mechanism or semi-
automatically discharging a deposit when required by an operator.
3.2.1
piston depositor
food depositor that typically comprises a hopper, a rotary valve, a product measuring chamber in the form of a
piston and a product dispensing valve. Some piston depositors incorporate several product measuring
chambers and dispensing valves. Some designs dispense the product directly from the rotary valve without
the use of a separate product dispensing valve. The volume of product dispensed is varied by altering the
stroke of the product measuring chamber piston. Piston depositors are used to fill liquids, liquids containing
solids in suspension and pastes. The product dispensing valve may be attached rigidly to the depositor or
using a flexible pipe and in some cases is held by the operator.
Figure 1 — Piston depositor
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3.2.2
chamber depositor
food depositor that comprises a hopper feeding one or more product measuring chambers that are filled under
gravity from the top. When the chamber has been filled with product the flow of product is stopped either by
moving the chamber or using a product cutting device. The chamber is then discharged through the bottom of
the chamber either by moving the chamber or by moving a plate in the base of the chamber. The volume of
product dispensed is varied by altering the volume of the chamber. Chamber depositors are typically used to
deposit free-flowing products like cooked rice or pasta.
Figure 2 — Chamber depositor
3.2.3
roller depositor
food depositor that typically comprises a hopper that feeds product to two or more fluted contra-rotating rollers.
These rollers force the product through one or more dies that shape the product. The product is then
separated using a product cutting device like a wire cut mechanism. On some designs of the machine the dies
are moved while the product is dispensed to produce a shaped product. The volume of product dispensed is
varied by altering the timing of the product cut-off device. Roller depositors are typically used to deposit dough
or confectionery products.
Figure 3 — Roller depositor
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3.2.4
pump depositor
food depositor that comprises a hopper that feeds a pump which in turn feeds pipe-work on which are
mounted one or more product dispensing valves. The dispensing valves may remain fixed, move up and down
or from side to side in synchronisation with a product conveyor. The volume of product dispensed is varied by
altering the length of time that the dispensing valves are open. Pump depositors are typically used to deposit
liquids or liquids containing finely divided solids.
Figure 4 — Pump depositor
3.2.5
screw depositor
food depositor that comprises a hopper in which a screw is mounted. When the screw rotates it draws product
from the hopper into a pipe. The hopper may be equipped with stirrers to move the product towards the screw
and a product measuring chamber or product dispensing valve may be fitted to the discharge of the screw.
The volume of product can be varied by increasing or decreasing the speed of the screw, by varying the
volume of the measuring chamber or by controlling the actuation of the product dispensing valve. Screw
depositors are typically used to deposit dough, pastes or creams.
Figure 5 — Screw depositor
4 List of sig
...
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