SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
(Main)Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-3: Use of nacelle mounted lidars for wind measurements (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-3: Use of nacelle mounted lidars for wind measurements (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
The purpose of this part of IEC 61400 is to describe procedures and methods that ensure that
wind measurements using nacelle-mounted wind lidars are carried out and reported consistently
and according to best practice. This document does not prescribe the purpose or use case of
the wind measurements. However, as this document forms part of the IEC 61400 series of
standards, it is anticipated that the wind measurements will be used in relation to some form of
wind energy test or resource assessment.
The scope of this document is limited to forward-looking nacelle-mounted wind lidars (i.e. the
measurement volume is located upstream of the turbine rotor).
This document aims to be applicable to any type and make of nacelle-mounted wind lidar. The
method and requirements provided in this document are independent of the model and type of
instrument, and also of the measurement principle and should allow application to new types of
nacelle-mounted lidar.
This document aims to describe wind measurements using nacelle-mounted wind lidar with
sufficient quality for the use case of power performance testing (according to
IEC 61400-12-1:2017). Readers of this document should consider that other use cases may
have other specific requirements.
This document only provides guidance for measurements in flat terrain and offshore as defined
in IEC 61400-12-1:2017, Annex B. Application to complex terrain has been excluded from the
scope due to limited experience at the time of writing this document.
Corrections for induction zone or blockage effects are not included in the scope of this document.
However, such correction or uncertainty estimation due to blockage effects may be applied if
required by the use case, under the responsibility of the user.
The purpose of this document is to provide guidance for wind measurements. HSE requirements
(e.g. laser operation) are out of the scope of this document although they are important.
Windenergieanlagen - Teil 50-3: Verwendung von auf der Gondel montierten LiDARs für Windmessungen (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 50-3: Utilisation de lidars montés sur nacelle pour le mesurage du vent (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
IEC 61400-50-3:2022 décrit les procédures et les méthodes qui permettent de s'assurer que les mesurages du vent à l'aide de lidars montés sur nacelle sont réalisés et consignés de manière cohérente et conformément aux meilleures pratiques. Le présent document ne précise pas l'objet ou le cas d'utilisation des mesurages du vent. Toutefois, le présent document faisant partie de la série de normes IEC 61400, il est envisagé que les mesurages du vent soient utilisés dans le cadre d'essais relatifs à l'énergie éolienne ou d'une évaluation des ressources.
Le domaine d'application du présent document se limite aux lidars montés sur nacelle à l'avant (c'est-à-dire que le volume de mesure est situé en amont du rotor de l'éolienne).
Le présent document a pour objectif de décrire le mesurage du vent à l'aide d'un lidar monté sur nacelle de qualité suffisante pour être utilisé dans le cadre d'essais de performance de puissance (conformément à l'IEC 61400-12-1:2017).
Sistemi za proizvodnjo energije na veter - 50-3. del: Uporaba na gondolo pritrjenih merilnikov LiDAR za meritve vetra (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Namen tega dela standarda IEC 61400 je opisati postopke in metode, s katerimi se zagotovi, da se meritve vetra z uporabo na gondolo pritrjenih merilnikov vetra LiDAR izvajajo in se o njih poroča dosledno ter v skladu z najboljšo prakso. Ta dokument ne predpisuje namena ali primera uporabe meritev vetra. Ker pa je ta dokument del skupine standardov IEC 61400, se pričakuje, da bodo meritve vetra uporabljene v povezavi z določeno obliko preskusa energije na veter ali oceno virov. Področje uporabe tega dokumenta je omejeno na merilnike vetra LiDAR, ki so pritrjeni na gondolo in usmerjeni naprej (tj. količina za merjenje je pred rotorjem turbine). Namen tega dokumenta je uporabnost za vse tipe in znamke na gondolo pritrjenih merilnikov vetra LiDAR. Metoda in zahteve v tem dokumentu so neodvisne od modela oziroma vrste instrumenta ter načela merjenja in naj bi omogočale uporabo za nove tipe na gondolo pritrjenih merilnikov LiDAR. Namen tega dokumenta je opisati meritve vetra z uporabo na gondolo pritrjenih merilnikov vetra LiDAR z ustrezno kakovostjo za primer uporabe preskušanja zmogljivosti (v skladu s standardom IEC 61400-12-1:2017). Uporabniki tega dokumenta naj upoštevajo, da lahko za druge primere uporabe veljajo druge posebne zahteve. Ta dokument podaja smernice samo za meritve na ravnem terenu in na morju, kot je opredeljeno v standardu IEC 61400-12-1:2017, dodatek B. Uporaba za razgibani teren je bila zaradi omejenih izkušenj v času pisanja tega dokumenta izključena s področja uporabe. Popravki za induktivno območje ali učinke blokade ne spadajo na področje uporabe tega dokumenta. Vendar pa se lahko na odgovornost uporabnika tak popravek ali ocena negotovosti zaradi učinkov blokade uporabi, če to zahteva primer uporabe. Namen tega dokumenta je podati smernice za meritve vetra. Zahteve HSE (npr. lasersko delovanje), ne spadajo na področje uporabe tega dokumenta, čeprav so pomembne.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
01-april-2022
Sistemi za proizvodnjo energije na veter - 50-3. del: Uporaba na gondolo pritrjenih
merilnikov LiDAR za meritve vetra (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-3: Use of nacelle mounted lidars for wind
measurements (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Windenergieanlagen - Teil 50-3: Verwendung von auf der Gondel montierten LiDARs für
Windmessungen (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 50-3: Utilisation de lidars montés sur
nacelle pour le mesurage du vent (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
ICS:
27.180 Vetrne elektrarne Wind turbine energy systems
SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 61400-50-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2022
ICS 27.180
English Version
Wind energy generation systems - Part 50-3: Use of nacelle-
mounted lidars for wind measurements
(IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 50-3: Windenergieanlagen - Teil 50-3: Verwendung von auf der
Utilisation de lidars montés sur nacelle pour le mesurage du Gondel montierten LiDARs für Windmessungen
vent (IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
(IEC 61400-50-3:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-02-11. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
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Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022 E
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 88/845/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61400-50-3, prepared by IEC/TC 88 "Wind
energy generation systems" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2022-11-11
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025-02-11
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61400-50-3:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 61400-1:2019 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 61400-1:2019 (not modified)
2
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61400-12-1 2017 Wind turbines - Part 12-1: Power EN 61400-12-1 2017
performance measurements of electricity
producing wind turbines
IEC 61400-12-2 2013 Wind turbines - Part 12-2: Power EN 61400-12-2 2013
performance of electricity-producing wind
turbines based on nacelle anemometry
3
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
IEC 61400-50-3
®
Edition 1.0 2022-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Wind energy generation systems –
Part 50-3: Use of nacelle-mounted lidars for wind measurements
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne –
Partie 50-3: Utilisation de lidars montés sur nacelle pour le mesurage du vent
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-1063-9
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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 14
5 Overview . 18
5.1 General . 18
5.2 Measurement methodology overview . 19
5.3 Document overview . 20
6 Lidar requirements. 20
6.1 Functional requirements . 20
6.2 Documentary requirements . 21
6.2.1 Technical documentation . 21
6.2.2 Installation and operation documentation . 22
7 Calibration and uncertainty of nacelle lidar intermediate values . 22
7.1 Calibration method overview . 22
7.2 Verification of beam trajectory/geometry . 23
7.2.1 Static position uncertainty . 23
7.2.2 Dynamic position uncertainty . 24
7.3 Inclinometer calibration . 24
7.4 Verification of the measurement range . 24
7.5 LOS speed calibration . 25
7.5.1 Method overview . 25
7.5.2 Calibration site requirements . 26
7.5.3 Setup requirements . 28
7.5.4 Calibration range . 30
7.5.5 Calibration data requirements and filtering . 30
7.5.6 Determination of LOS . 31
7.5.7 Binning of data and database requirements . 33
7.6 Uncertainty of the LOS speed measurement . 33
7.6.1 General . 33
7.6.2 Uncertainty of V . 34
ref
7.6.3 Flow inclination uncertainty . 37
7.6.4 Uncertainty of the LOS speed measurement . 37
7.7 Calibration results . 38
7.8 Calibration reporting requirements . 39
7.8.1 Report content . 39
7.8.2 General lidar information . 40
7.8.3 Verification of beam geometry/trajectory (according to 7.2) . 40
7.8.4 Inclinometer calibration (according to 7.3) . 40
7.8.5 Verification of the sensing range (according to 7.4) . 40
7.8.6 LOS speed calibration (for each LOS) . 40
8 Uncertainty due to changes in environmental conditions . 41
8.1 General . 41
8.2 Intermediate value uncertainty due to changes in environmental conditions . 41
8.2.1 Documentation . 41
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8.2.2 Method . 41
8.2.3 List of environmental variables to be considered . 42
8.2.4 Significance of uncertainty contribution . 42
8.3 Evidence-base supporting the adequacy of the WFR . 42
8.4 Requirements for reporting . 43
9 Uncertainty of reconstructed wind parameters . 44
9.1 Horizontal wind speed uncertainty . 44
9.2 Uncertainty propagation through WFR algorithm . 45
9.2.1 Propagation of intermediate value uncertainties u . 45
⟨V⟩,WFR
9.2.2 Uncertainties of other WFR parameters u . 46
WFR,par
9.3 Uncertainty associated with the WFR algorithm u . 46
ope,lidar
9.4 Uncertainty due to varying measurement height u . 46
⟨ΔV⟩,measHeight
9.5 Uncertainty due to lidar measurement inconsistency . 46
9.6 Combining uncertainties . 47
10 Preparation for specific measurement campaign . 47
10.1 Overview of procedure . 47
10.2 Pre-campaign check list . 47
10.3 Measurement set up . 48
10.3.1 Lidar installation . 48
10.3.2 Other sensors . 48
10.3.3 Nacelle position calibration . 49
10.4 Measurement sector . 49
10.4.1 General . 49
10.4.2 Assessment of influence from surrounding WTGs and obstacles . 49
10.4.3 Terrain assessment . 52
11 Measurement procedure . 53
11.1 General . 53
11.2 WTG operation. 53
11.3 Consistency check of valid measurement sector . 54
11.4 Data collection . 55
11.5 Data rejection . 56
11.6 Database . 56
11.7 Application of WFR algorithm . 56
11.8 Measurement height variations . 57
11.9 Lidar measurement monitoring . 57
12 Reporting format – relevant tables and figures specific to nacelle-mounted lidars . 57
12.1 General . 57
12.2 Specific measurement campaign site description . 57
12.3 Nacelle lidar information . 58
12.4 WTG information . 58
12.5 Database . 58
12.6 Plots . 59
12.7 Uncertainties. 59
Annex A (informative) Example calculation of uncertainty of reconstructed parameters
for WFR with two lines of sight . 60
A.1 Introduction to example case . 60
A.2 Uncertainty propagation through WFR algorithm . 61
A.3 Operational uncertainty of the lidar and WFR algorithm . 63
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A.4 Uncertainty contributions from variation of measurement height . 63
A.5 Wind speed consistency check. 64
A.6 Combined uncertainty . 64
Annex B (informative) Suggested method for the measurement of tilt and roll angles . 65
Annex C (informative) Recommendation for installation of lidars on the nacelle . 68
C.1 Positioning of lidar optical head on the nacelle. 68
C.2 Lidar optical head pre-tilt for fixed beam lidars . 69
C.3 Attachment points for the lidar . 70
Annex D (informative) Assessing the Influence of nacelle-mounted lidar on turbine
behaviour . 71
D.1 General . 71
D.2 Recommended consistency checks methods . 71
D.2.1 General . 71
D.2.2 Documentation-based approach . 71
D.2.3 Data-based approach using neighbouring WTG . 72
D.2.4 Data-based approach using only the WTG being assessed . 74
Bibliography . 78
Figure 1 – Example of opening angle β between two beams . 23
Figure 2 – Side elevation sketch of calibration setup . 26
Figure 3 – Plan view sketch of sensing and inflow areas . 27
Figure 4 – Sketch of a calibration setup . 30
Figure 5 – Example of lidar response to the wind direction and cosine fit . 32
Figure 6 – Example of LOS evaluation using the RSS process: RSS vs θ . 33
proj
Figure 7 – High level process for horizontal wind speed uncertainty propagation . 45
Figure 8 – Procedure flow chart . 47
Figure 9 – Plan view sketch of NML beams upstream of WTG being assessed and
neighbouring turbine wake . 49
Figure 10 – Sectors to exclude due to wakes of neighbouring and operating WTGs and
significant obstacles . 51
Figure 11 – Example of sectors to exclude due to wakes of a neighbouring turbine and
a significant obstacle . 52
Figure 12 – Example of full directional sector discretization . 53
Figure 13 – Lidar relative wind direction vs turbine yaw for a two-beam nacelle lidar
[Wagner R, 2013] . 54
Figure 14 – Example of LOS turbulence intensity vs turbine yaw, for a two-beam
nacelle lidar . 55
Figure B.1 – Pair of tilted and rolled lidar beams (red) shown in relation to the
reference position (grey) . 65
Figure B.2 – Opening angle between two beams symmetric with respect to the
horizontal plane(γ) and its projection onto the vertical plane of symmetry of the lidar
(γ ) 67
V
Figure C.1 – Example of a good (left) and bad (right) position for a 2-beam lidar . 68
Figure C.2 – Example of a good (left) and bad (right) position for a 4-beam lidar . 68
Figure C.3 – Sketch of lidar optical head pre-tilted downwards to measure at hub
height (example for a two beam lidar) . 70
Figure D.1 – Example of reporting the side-by-side comparison . 73
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Figure D.2 – Example of the power ratio between two neighbouring turbines . 74
Figure D.3 – General process outline . 74
Figure D.4 – Example of binned ΔDir function for a setting where the lidar has not
Nac
significantly influenced the two nacelle wind direction sensors’ reported signals . 77
Table 1 – Summary of calibration uncertainty components . 38
Table 2 – Calibration table example . 39
Table 3 – Calibration table example (n=1…N; N is the total number of lines of sight
calibrated) . 39
Table A.1 – Uncertainty components and their correlations between different LOSs for
this example . 62
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
WIND ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEMS –
Part 50-3: Use of nacelle-mounted lidars for wind measurements
FOREWORD
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61400-50-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee TC 88:
Wind energy generation systems.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
88/845/FDIS 88/853/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
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SIST EN IEC 61400-50-3:2022
IEC 61400-50-3:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
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WIND ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEMS –
Part 50-3: Use of nacelle-mounted lidars for wind measurements
1 Scope
The purpose of this part of IEC 61400 is to describe procedures and methods that ensure that
wind measurements using nacelle-mounted wind lidars are carried out and reported consistently
and according to best practice. This document does not prescribe the purpose or use case of
the wind measurements. However, as this document forms part of the IEC 61400 series of
standards, it is anticipated that the wind measurements will be used in relation to some form of
wind energy test or resource
...
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