SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003

Hydraulic fluid power -- Component cleanliness -- Guidelines for achieving and controlling cleanliness of components from manufacture to installation

ISO/TR 10949:2002 gives guidelines for achieving, evaluating and controlling the cleanliness of hydraulic fluid power components from the time of their manufacture through to their installation in a hydraulic fluid power system.

Transmissions hydrauliques -- Propreté des composants -- Lignes directrices pour l'obtention et le maintien de la propreté des composants de leur fabrication jusqu'à leur installation

L'ISO/TR 10949:2002 donne les lignes directrices permettant d'assurer, d'évaluer et de maîtriser la propreté des composants pour circuits de transmissions hydrauliques depuis leur fabrication jusqu'à leur installation.

Fluidna tehnika - Hidravlika - Snažnost komponent - Navodila za doseganje in kontrolo snažnosti komponent od izdelave do vgradnje

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2003
• ICS: 23.100.60 - Filters, seals and contamination of fluids
• Technical Committee: IHPV - Hydraulics and pneumatics
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Jul-2003
• Due Date: 01-Jul-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Jul-2003
• Ref Project: ISO/TR 10949:2002 - Hydraulic fluid power — Component cleanliness — Guidelines for achieving and controlling cleanliness of components from manufacture to installation

Relations

• Replaces: SIST ISO/TR 10949:2000 - Hydraulic fluid power -- Methods for cleaning and for assessing the cleanliness level of components
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2003
• Revised: ISO/TR 10949:1996 - Hydraulic fluid power — Methods for cleaning and for assessing the cleanliness level of components
• Effective Date: 12-May-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 10949
Second edition
2002-10-15

Hydraulic fluid power — Component
cleanliness — Guidelines for achieving
and controlling cleanliness of
components from manufacture to
installation
Transmissions hydrauliques — Propreté des composants — Lignes
directrices pour obtenir et contrôler la propreté des composants de la
fabrication à l'installation




Reference number
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
©
ISO 2002

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


©  ISO 2002
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2002 — All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no
longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 10949 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 6,
Contamination control.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 10949:1996), which has been technically
revised.

© ISO 2002 — All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
Introduction
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a pressurized liquid within an
enclosed circuit. Contaminants present in the circulating working liquid may degrade system performance.
One method of reducing the amount of these contaminants within the system is to manufacture, package,
ship, store and install components in ways that achieve and control the desired component cleanliness level.

iv © ISO 2002 — All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)

Hydraulic fluid power — Component cleanliness — Guidelines
for achieving and controlling cleanliness of components from
manufacture to installation
1 Scope
This Technical Report gives guidelines for achieving, evaluating and controlling the cleanliness of hydraulic
fluid power components from the time of their manufacture through to their installation in a hydraulic fluid
power system.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4406, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluids — Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particles
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
1)
ISO 18413:— , Hydraulic fluid power — Cleanliness of parts and components — Inspection document and
principles related to contaminant collection, analysis, and data reporting
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply.
3.1
component
part, assembly, or collection of parts that performs a function in a fluid power system
NOTE This definition differs from that in ISO 5598 because connectors, tubes and hoses are included here but are
excluded from the definition in ISO 5598.
3.2
manufacturer
party that fabricates or assembles the component
NOTE The manufacturer and supplier may be the same person or company.
3.3
purchaser
party that stipulates the requirements of a machine, equipment, system, or component and judges whether the
product satisfies those requirements

1) To be published.
© ISO 2002 — All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
3.4
supplier
party that contracts to provide the product(s) to satisfy the purchaser's requirements
NOTE The manufacturer and supplier may be the same person or company.
4 General principles
4.1 Component cleanliness during production
The manufacturer is responsible for providing components that meet the requirements either stated by the
manufacturer or agreed upon with the purchaser. This includes achieving and evaluating, as necessary,
appropriate levels of component cleanliness during the production process.
The required cleanliness level at the time of manufacturing release should be clearly stated in an inspection
document drawn up in accordance with ISO 18413 and agreed upon between the manufacturer and
purchaser.
The manufacturer is to exercise care at all steps of the production process to ensure that the required level of
component cleanliness is achieved and controlled. More specifically, the manufacturer is responsible for the
following:
 cleaning component parts prior to assembly, if this operation is needed to achieve the required
cleanliness level;
 assembling components in an area having an overall level of contamination that will not significantly
affect component cleanliness;
 flushing components, if this operation is needed to achieve the required cleanliness level;
 testing components with fluids that will not add significant contaminant to the product;
 evaluating component cleanliness by appropriate test methods;
 preparing components for packaging, including corrosion prevention, sealing of ports, etc.
4.2 Component cleanliness during packaging, storage and transport
The supplier and purchaser are to make an agreement about who is responsible for controlling component
cleanliness during packaging, storage and transport to the purchaser. If the manufacturer and supplier are
independent parties, their respective responsibilities should be mutually and explicitly agreed.
NOTE The supplier is generally not responsible for contamination that results from damage to either the components
themselves or their packaging during transport.
The supplier (or other party that has agreed to take responsibility for ensuring component cleanliness) is to
exercise care at all steps of the packaging, storage and transport processes to ensure that the required level
of component cleanliness is maintained. More specifically, that responsibility includes the following:
 providing adequate packaging for component storage and shipment;
 using appropriate storage conditions;
 using appropriate shipping methods.
2 © ISO 2002 — All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
If deterioration in component cleanliness occurs between the time of release by the manufacturer and the time
of receipt by the purchaser, then the supplier and purchaser should jointly investigate the cause and take
corrective action.
4.3 Component cleanliness after receipt by the purchaser
The purchaser is responsible for controlling component cleanliness from receipt of the component through its
installation in the assembled hydraulic fluid power system or resale of the component to another party.
The purchaser is to exercise care at all steps of the receiving, unpacking and storage processes. More
specifically, the purchaser is responsible for the following:
 taking care in unpacking;
 using appropriate storage methods;
 taking care that no significant contamination is added to the component after removing protective plugs,
etc.
Care is also to be taken to install the component in the system in a way that does not add significant
contamination.
5 Achieving component cleanliness
5.1 Cleaning of components
To ensure that an adequate standard of cleanliness of finished components is achieved, it is essential that all
parts that make up a component meet the specified cleanliness level before assembly. Using clean parts for
assembly of components is essential to ensure that no more than insignificant damage to the finished
component occurs during flushing or performance testing.
Appropriate procedures are to be implemented for each part or component in order to remove such residues
as chips, sand, filings, rust, weld spatter and slag, elastomers, sealants, water, aqueous products, chlorine,
acid, detergent, etc.
When cleaning components, special care is to be taken to ensure that cored passages and deep holes are
cleaned, and it should be remembered that items with designed sharp edges, such as grooved spools, can
collect contamination from contact with human hands.
The cleaning procedure can be carried out as follows:
 shot blast, ultrasonically clean or chemically clean castings to remove casting sand and scale prior to
machining, and then carefully deburr and wash the castings before assembly;
 remove manufacturing residues, burrs, fins, etc. by mechanical, ultrasonic or chemical means, etc.;
 remove cleaning residues using chemical means (e.g. filtered solvents), dry filtered compressed air, etc.;
 oven-dry or dry with dry, filtered compressed air.
5.2 Descriptions of commonly used cleaning methods
5.2.1 Shot blasting
Shot blasting removes surface contamination by impacting material designed to remove contamination while
leaving the surface itself undamaged. Blasting may use sand, glass beads, carbon particles, metal balls or
other materials generally recognized as applicable for this purpose. The type of cleaning desired and the
© ISO 2002 — All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
durability of the underlying surface are important considerations in the selection of the blasting material. Shot
blasting is effective for removing contaminants such as casting sand and scale prior to machining. Care is to
be taken to ensure that this cleaning method does not unintentionally or adversely alter the properties or the
surface condition of the material.
5.2.2 Ultrasonic cleaning
Ultrasonic cleaning uses high frequency energy, transmitted through a liquid medium, to impart vibrational
energy onto a surface and cause contamination to be removed from the surface. Because ultrasonic cleaning
relies mainly on the effect of vapour bubbles imploding on the component surface, it is important that the bath
and component temperature are correct for this action to be fully effective. Adequate time is therefore to be
allowed for components to reach working temperature after immersion. The design of containers and spacing
of components are also important; adequate flow paths are to be allowed for the ultrasonic waves to reach all
parts of the components. It is recommended that the liquid in the bath be continuously filtered with an
appropriate filter to avoid the build-up of contaminant.
5.2.3 Chemical cleaning
5.2.3.1 Health and safety
The use of chemicals, solvents and volatile liquids may pres
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
01-julij-2003
Fluidna tehnika - Hidravlika - Snažnost komponent - Navodila za doseganje in
kontrolo snažnosti komponent od izdelave do vgradnje
Hydraulic fluid power -- Component cleanliness -- Guidelines for achieving and
controlling cleanliness of components from manufacture to installation
Transmissions hydrauliques -- Propreté des composants -- Lignes directrices pour
l'obtention et le maintien de la propreté des composants de leur fabrication jusqu'à leur
installation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/TR 10949:2002
ICS:
23.100.60 )LOWULWHVQLODLQ Filters, seals and
RQHVQDåHYDQMHWHNRþLQ contamination of fluids
SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003


TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 10949
Second edition
2002-10-15

Hydraulic fluid power — Component
cleanliness — Guidelines for achieving
and controlling cleanliness of
components from manufacture to
installation
Transmissions hydrauliques — Propreté des composants — Lignes
directrices pour obtenir et contrôler la propreté des composants de la
fabrication à l'installation




Reference number
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
©
ISO 2002

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


©  ISO 2002
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2002 — All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no
longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 10949 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 6,
Contamination control.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 10949:1996), which has been technically
revised.

© ISO 2002 — All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
Introduction
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a pressurized liquid within an
enclosed circuit. Contaminants present in the circulating working liquid may degrade system performance.
One method of reducing the amount of these contaminants within the system is to manufacture, package,
ship, store and install components in ways that achieve and control the desired component cleanliness level.

iv © ISO 2002 — All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)

Hydraulic fluid power — Component cleanliness — Guidelines
for achieving and controlling cleanliness of components from
manufacture to installation
1 Scope
This Technical Report gives guidelines for achieving, evaluating and controlling the cleanliness of hydraulic
fluid power components from the time of their manufacture through to their installation in a hydraulic fluid
power system.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4406, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluids — Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particles
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
1)
ISO 18413:— , Hydraulic fluid power — Cleanliness of parts and components — Inspection document and
principles related to contaminant collection, analysis, and data reporting
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply.
3.1
component
part, assembly, or collection of parts that performs a function in a fluid power system
NOTE This definition differs from that in ISO 5598 because connectors, tubes and hoses are included here but are
excluded from the definition in ISO 5598.
3.2
manufacturer
party that fabricates or assembles the component
NOTE The manufacturer and supplier may be the same person or company.
3.3
purchaser
party that stipulates the requirements of a machine, equipment, system, or component and judges whether the
product satisfies those requirements

1) To be published.
© ISO 2002 — All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
3.4
supplier
party that contracts to provide the product(s) to satisfy the purchaser's requirements
NOTE The manufacturer and supplier may be the same person or company.
4 General principles
4.1 Component cleanliness during production
The manufacturer is responsible for providing components that meet the requirements either stated by the
manufacturer or agreed upon with the purchaser. This includes achieving and evaluating, as necessary,
appropriate levels of component cleanliness during the production process.
The required cleanliness level at the time of manufacturing release should be clearly stated in an inspection
document drawn up in accordance with ISO 18413 and agreed upon between the manufacturer and
purchaser.
The manufacturer is to exercise care at all steps of the production process to ensure that the required level of
component cleanliness is achieved and controlled. More specifically, the manufacturer is responsible for the
following:
 cleaning component parts prior to assembly, if this operation is needed to achieve the required
cleanliness level;
 assembling components in an area having an overall level of contamination that will not significantly
affect component cleanliness;
 flushing components, if this operation is needed to achieve the required cleanliness level;
 testing components with fluids that will not add significant contaminant to the product;
 evaluating component cleanliness by appropriate test methods;
 preparing components for packaging, including corrosion prevention, sealing of ports, etc.
4.2 Component cleanliness during packaging, storage and transport
The supplier and purchaser are to make an agreement about who is responsible for controlling component
cleanliness during packaging, storage and transport to the purchaser. If the manufacturer and supplier are
independent parties, their respective responsibilities should be mutually and explicitly agreed.
NOTE The supplier is generally not responsible for contamination that results from damage to either the components
themselves or their packaging during transport.
The supplier (or other party that has agreed to take responsibility for ensuring component cleanliness) is to
exercise care at all steps of the packaging, storage and transport processes to ensure that the required level
of component cleanliness is maintained. More specifically, that responsibility includes the following:
 providing adequate packaging for component storage and shipment;
 using appropriate storage conditions;
 using appropriate shipping methods.
2 © ISO 2002 — All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
If deterioration in component cleanliness occurs between the time of release by the manufacturer and the time
of receipt by the purchaser, then the supplier and purchaser should jointly investigate the cause and take
corrective action.
4.3 Component cleanliness after receipt by the purchaser
The purchaser is responsible for controlling component cleanliness from receipt of the component through its
installation in the assembled hydraulic fluid power system or resale of the component to another party.
The purchaser is to exercise care at all steps of the receiving, unpacking and storage processes. More
specifically, the purchaser is responsible for the following:
 taking care in unpacking;
 using appropriate storage methods;
 taking care that no significant contamination is added to the component after removing protective plugs,
etc.
Care is also to be taken to install the component in the system in a way that does not add significant
contamination.
5 Achieving component cleanliness
5.1 Cleaning of components
To ensure that an adequate standard of cleanliness of finished components is achieved, it is essential that all
parts that make up a component meet the specified cleanliness level before assembly. Using clean parts for
assembly of components is essential to ensure that no more than insignificant damage to the finished
component occurs during flushing or performance testing.
Appropriate procedures are to be implemented for each part or component in order to remove such residues
as chips, sand, filings, rust, weld spatter and slag, elastomers, sealants, water, aqueous products, chlorine,
acid, detergent, etc.
When cleaning components, special care is to be taken to ensure that cored passages and deep holes are
cleaned, and it should be remembered that items with designed sharp edges, such as grooved spools, can
collect contamination from contact with human hands.
The cleaning procedure can be carried out as follows:
 shot blast, ultrasonically clean or chemically clean castings to remove casting sand and scale prior to
machining, and then carefully deburr and wash the castings before assembly;
 remove manufacturing residues, burrs, fins, etc. by mechanical, ultrasonic or chemical means, etc.;
 remove cleaning residues using chemical means (e.g. filtered solvents), dry filtered compressed air, etc.;
 oven-dry or dry with dry, filtered compressed air.
5.2 Descriptions of commonly used cleaning methods
5.2.1 Shot blasting
Shot blasting removes surface contamination by impacting material designed to remove contamination while
leaving the surface itself undamaged. Blasting may use sand, glass beads, carbon particles, metal balls or
other materials generally recognized as applicable for this purpose. The type of cleaning desired and the
© ISO 2002 — All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST ISO/TR 10949:2003
ISO/TR 10949:2002(E)
durability of the underlying surface are important considerations in the selection of the blasting material. Shot
blasting is effective for removing contaminants such as casting sand and scale prior to machining. Care is to
be taken to ensure that this cleaning method does not unintentionally or adversely alter the properties or the
surface condition of the material.
5.2.2 Ultrasonic cleaning
Ultrasonic cleaning uses high frequency energy, transmitted through a liquid medium, to impart vibrational
energy onto a surface and cause contamination to be removed from the surface. Because ultrasonic cleaning
relies mainly on the effect of vapour bubbles imploding on the component surface, it is important that the bath
and compone
...

RAPPORT ISO/TR
TECHNIQUE 10949
Deuxième édition
2002-10-15


Transmissions hydrauliques — Propreté
des composants — Lignes directrices
pour l'obtention et le maintien de la
propreté des composants de leur
fabrication jusqu'à leur installation
Hydraulic fluid power — Component cleanliness — Guidelines for
achieving and controlling cleanliness of components from manufacture
to installation




Numéro de référence
ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
©
ISO 2002

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
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©  ISO 2002
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous
quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit
de l'ISO à l'adresse ci-après ou du comité membre de l'ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax. + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Version française parue en 2003
Publié en Suisse

ii © ISO 2002 — Tous droits réservés

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
Exceptionnellement, lorsqu'un comité technique a réuni des données de nature différente de celles qui sont
normalement publiées comme Normes internationales (ceci pouvant comprendre des informations sur l'état
de la technique par exemple), il peut décider, à la majorité simple de ses membres, de publier un Rapport
technique. Les Rapports techniques sont de nature purement informative et ne doivent pas nécessairement
être révisés avant que les données fournies ne soient plus jugées valables ou utiles.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO/TR 10949 a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 131, Transmissions hydrauliques et
pneumatiques, sous-comité SC 6, Contrôle de la contamination.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO/TR 10949:1996), dont elle constitue une
révision technique.
© ISO 2002 — Tous droits réservés iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
Introduction
Dans les systèmes de transmissions hydrauliques, l'énergie est transmise et commandée par l'intermédiaire
d'un liquide sous pression circulant en circuit fermé. Les polluants présents dans le liquide de travail en
circulation peuvent dégrader les performances du système. L’un des moyens de réduire la quantité de
polluants présents dans le circuit est de fabriquer, d’emballer, d’expédier, de stocker et d’installer les
composants de manière à atteindre et à maintenir le niveau de propreté souhaité.

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RAPPORT TECHNIQUE ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)

Transmissions hydrauliques — Propreté des composants —
Lignes directrices pour l'obtention et le maintien de la propreté
des composants de leur fabrication jusqu'à leur installation
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent Rapport technique donne les lignes directrices permettant d’assurer, d’évaluer et de maîtriser la
propreté des composants pour circuits de transmissions hydrauliques depuis leur fabrication jusqu’à leur
installation.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 4406, Transmissions hydrauliques — Fluides — Méthode de codification du niveau de pollution
particulaire solide
ISO 5598, Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Vocabulaire
ISO 18413, Transmissions hydrauliques — Propreté des pièces et composants — Documents de contrôle et
principes d'extraction et d'analyse des polluants et d'expression des résultats
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l’ISO 5598 ainsi que les
suivants s'appliquent.
3.1
composant
pièce, ensemble ou groupe de pièces qui remplit une fonction dans un circuit de transmissions hydrauliques
NOTE Cette définition est différente de celle de l’ISO 5598 car elle inclut les raccords, les tubes et les flexibles que
n’inclut pas la définition de l’ISO 5598.
3.2
fabricant
partie qui fabrique ou assemble le composant
NOTE Le fabricant et le fournisseur peuvent être une seule et même personne ou entreprise.
3.3
client
personne qui stipule les exigences que doit respecter une machine, un équipement, un circuit ou un
composant et qui évalue ensuite si le produit respecte ces exigences
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ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
3.4
fournisseur
partie qui s’engage à fournir un ou des produits conformes aux exigences du client
NOTE Le fabricant et le fournisseur peuvent être une seule et même personne ou entreprise.
4 Principes généraux
4.1 Propreté des composants pendant la fabrication
Le fabricant est responsable de la fourniture de composants qui respectent les exigences qu’il a lui-même
stipulées ou qu’il a convenues avec le client. Cela comprend l’obtention et l’évaluation, selon le besoin, des
niveaux de propreté appropriés des composants au cours du processus de fabrication.
Il convient d’indiquer clairement le niveau de propreté nécessaire dès le démarrage de la fabrication dans un
document de contrôle libellé conformément à l’ISO 18413 et convenu entre le fabricant et le client.
Le fabricant est tenu d’assurer, à tous les stades du processus de production, la mise et le maintien des
composants au niveau de propreté requis. Sa responsabilité porte plus particulièrement sur les opérations
suivantes:
 le nettoyage des pièces avant l’assemblage, si cette opération est nécessaire pour atteindre le niveau de
propreté requis;
 l’assemblage des pièces dans une zone dont le niveau global de pollution n’affectera pas de manière
significative la propreté des composants;
 le rinçage des composants, si cette opération est nécessaire pour atteindre le niveau de propreté requis;
 l’essai des composants avec des fluides qui n’ajouteront pas de contaminant significatif au produit;
 l’évaluation de la propreté des composants par des méthodes d’essai appropriées;
 la préparation du conditionnement des composants et notamment de la protection contre la corrosion, de
l’étanchéité des orifices, etc.
4.2 Propreté des composants pendant l’emballage, le stockage et l’expédition
Le fournisseur et le client sont tenus de se mettre d’accord sur qui est responsable du maintien de la propreté
des composants pendant l’emballage, le stockage et le transport chez le client. Si le fabricant et le fournisseur
sont deux parties indépendantes, il convient qu’ils se mettent d’accord mutuellement et de façon explicite sur
leurs responsabilités respectives.
NOTE Le fournisseur n’est généralement pas responsable de la contamination qui peut résulter de
l’endommagement des composants eux-mêmes ou de leur emballage durant le transport.
Le fournisseur (ou la partie qui a accepté la responsabilité d’assurer la propreté des composants) est tenu de
garantir, à tous les stades des processus d’emballage, de stockage et de transport, le maintien du niveau de
propreté requis des composants. Sa responsabilité porte, plus particulièrement, sur les points suivants:
 la fourniture d’un conditionnement approprié pour le stockage et l’expédition des composants;
 l’application des conditions de stockage adéquates;
 l’utilisation de méthodes d’expédition appropriées.
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ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
En cas de détérioration de la propreté d’un composant entre sa sortie d’usine et sa réception chez le client, il
convient que le fournisseur et le client en examinent conjointement les causes et les remèdes.
4.3 Propreté des composants après réception par le client
Le client est responsable du maintien de la propreté des composants de leur réception jusqu’à leur installation
sur le circuit de transmissions hydrauliques monté ou à leur revente à une autre partie.
Le client est tenu de faire attention à tous les stades du processus de réception, de déconditionnement et de
stockage. Sa responsabilité porte, plus particulièrement, sur les points suivants:
 le soin apporté au déconditionnement;
 l’utilisation de méthodes de stockage appropriées;
 le maintien de l’état de propreté sans introduction de pollutions significatives une fois les bouchons de
protection retirés, etc.
Il est nécessaire également de veiller à installer le composant sur le système en n’ajoutant pas de pollutions
significatives.
5 Mise en propreté des composants
5.1 Nettoyage des composants
De façon à garantir un niveau adéquat de propreté des composants finis, il est essentiel que toutes les pièces
les constituant respectent le niveau de propreté spécifié avant l’assemblage. Utiliser des pièces propres pour
assembler les composants est également essentiel pour garantir un minimum de dommage au composant fini
pendant le rinçage ou les essais de performance.
Il est nécessaire que des méthodes appropriées soient appliquées pour chaque pièce ou composant pour
éliminer les résidus, tels que copeaux, sable, limaille, rouille, gouttes et laitier de soudure, élastomères,
produits d’étanchéité, eau, produits aqueux, chlore, acide, détergents, etc.
Lors du nettoyage des composants, il convient d’apporter un soin particulier au nettoyage des passages creux
et trous profonds et de ne pas oublier que les éléments comportant par construction des arêtes, tels que
tiroirs cylindriques à rainures, peuvent recueillir un grand nombre de salissures apportées par les doigts.
Le nettoyage peut être fait par les méthodes suivantes:
 décapage à la grenaille, nettoyage aux ultrasons ou procédé chimique afin d’éliminer le sable de coulée
et la calamine avant l’usinage, puis ébarbage et nettoyage soigneux des pièces moulées avant
assemblage;
 élimination des résidus de fabrication, barbes, etc., par des moyens mécaniques, ultrasonores, chimiques,
etc.;
 élimination des résidus de nettoyage par des moyens chimiques (par exemple solvants filtrés), de l’air
comprimé sec et filtré, etc.;
 séchage à l’étuve ou à l’air comprimé sec filtré.
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ISO/TR 10949:2002(F)
5.2 Description des méthodes de nettoyage communément utilisées
5.2.1 Grenaillage
En impactant le matériau, le grenaillage élimine la pollution superficielle mais laisse indemne la surface elle-
même. Le grenaillage peut se faire avec du sable, des billes de verre, des particules de carbone, des billes
métalliques ou tout autre matériau généralement reconnu comme apte à cet emploi. Le type de nettoyage
désiré et la durabilité de la surface sous-jacente sont des éléments importants dictant le choix du matériau de
grenaillage. Le grenaillage élimine efficacement les polluants, tels que le sable de moulage ou la calamine,
avant l’usinage. Il est nécessaire de veiller à ce que cette méthode de nettoyage ne modifie pas, par
inadvertance ou de façon significative, les propriétés ou l’état de surface du matériau.
5.2.2 Nettoyage aux ultrasons
Le nettoyage aux ultrasons nécessite une énergie haute fréquence transmise par l’intermédiaire d’un liquide
pour communiquer des vibrations à la surface et en éliminer la pollution. Le nettoyage aux ultrasons
dépendant essentiellement de l’effet des bulles de vapeur implosant à la surface des composants, il est
important que la température du bain et des composants soit bien adaptée pour que cette action soit
complètement efficace. Il est par conséquent impératif de laisser aux composants le temps d’atteindre la
température de travail après leur immersion. La conception des conteneurs et l’espacement des composants
sont également importants; des voies d’écoulement adéquates sont à prévoir pour permettre aux ondes
sonores d’atteindre toutes les parties des composants. Il est recommandé de filtrer en continu le liquide du
bain avec un filtre approprié pour éviter l’accumulation de polluants.
5.2.3 Nettoyage chimique
5.2.3.1 Santé et sécurité
L’utilisation de produits chimiques, de solvants et de liquides volatils peut présenter des risques pour la santé.
Il est impératif de respecter scrupuleusement les instructions des feuilles de données de sécurité des
matériaux et toutes les procédures de s
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