SIST ETS 300 540 E4:2003

Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2) (GSM); Transmission planning aspects of the speech service in the GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) system (GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1)

SUBJECT Removal of inconsistency in RLR for Handsetand Headset MS

Digitalni celični telekomunikacijski sistem (faza 2) – Vidiki načrtovanja prenosa govorne storitve prek GSM javnega kopenskega mobilnega omrežja (PLMN) (GSM 03.50 različica 4.4.1)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2003
• ICS: 33.070.50 - Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)
• Technical Committee: SS EIT - Technical Board for the electrotechnical, information technology and telecommunications fields
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Due Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Ref Project: ETSI ETS 300 540 ed.4 (1998-10) - Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2) (GSM); Transmission planning aspects of the speech service in the GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) system (GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ETS 300 540 E4:2003
01-december-2003
'LJLWDOQLFHOLþQLWHOHNRPXQLNDFLMVNLVLVWHPID]D±9LGLNLQDþUWRYDQMDSUHQRVD
JRYRUQHVWRULWYHSUHN*60MDYQHJDNRSHQVNHJDPRELOQHJDRPUHåMD3/01*60
UD]OLþLFD
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2) (GSM); Transmission planning
aspects of the speech service in the GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) system
(GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 540 Edition 4
ICS:
33.070.50 Globalni sistem za mobilno Global System for Mobile
telekomunikacijo (GSM) Communication (GSM)
SIST ETS 300 540 E4:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ETS 300 540 E4:2003

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SIST ETS 300 540 E4:2003
EUROPEAN ETS 300 540
TELECOMMUNICATION October 1998
STANDARD Fourth Edition
Source: SMG Reference: RE/SMG-110350PR2
ICS: 33.020
Key words: Digital cellular telecommunications system, Global System Mobile communications (GSM)
R
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR
MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2);
Transmission planning aspects of the speech service in the GSM
Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) system
(GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1)
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
Postal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Internet: [e-mail] - http://www.etsi.org
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1998. All rights reserved.

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ETS 300 540 (GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1): October 1998
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Standards Making Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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ETS 300 540 (GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1): October 1998
Contents
Foreword . 7
1 Scope. 9
1.1 Normative references. 9
1.2 Definitions and abbreviations . 11
1.3 Introduction. 11
2 Network configurations . 12
2.1 General. 12
2.2 Model of the PLMN.12
2.3 Interfaces. 13
2.4 Configurations of Connections . 13
2.4.1 General Configurations of Connections. 13
2.4.2 Reference configurations to illustrate delay and echo control issues . 14
2.5 4-wire circuits in the PLMN. 14
3 Transmission performance . 14
3.1 Overall Loss/Loundness ratings . 15
3.1.1 Connections with handset MSs. 15
3.1.2 Connections with handsfree MSs using loudspeakers . 16
3.1.3 Connections with headset MSs. 16
3.2 Stability Loss. 16
3.3 Delay. 17
3.3.1 General . 17
3.3.2 Sources of delay . 17
3.3.2.1 Elements of the PLMN that cause delay . 17
3.3.2.2 Elements of the PSTN that cause delay . 17
3.3.3 Effects of delay . 18
3.3.4 Allocation of delay to the PLMN. 18
3.3.4.1 Allocation of delay to the PLMN when using a full rate
system. 18
3.3.4.2 Allocation of delay to the PLMN when using a half rate
system. 18
3.3.5 Delay of various network configurations . 18
3.3.5.1 National and international connections with no echo
control in the PSTN (reference configurations A). 18
3.3.5.2 National and international connections with echo control
in the PSTN (reference configurations B) . 19
3.3.5.3 Connections where re-routeing leads to a significant
increase in transmission path length (reference
configurations C) . 19
3.3.6 Delay related requirements on the MS . 19
3.3.6.1 Full rate MS. 19
3.3.6.2 Half rate MS . 19
3.4 Echo . 19
3.4.1 General . 19
3.4.2 Electrical echo control in the PLMN (Reference configurations A) . 21
3.4.3 Acoustic echo control in the PLMN. 21
3.4.3.1 Acoustic echo control in a handsfree MS. 21
3.4.3.2 Acoustic echo control in a handset MS . 21
3.4.3.3 Acoustic echo control in a headset MS . 21
3.4.4 Interaction between tandem echo control devices (reference
configurations B & C). 22
3.5 Clipping. 22
3.5.1 General . 22
3.5.2 Properties of voice switches in the PLMN. 22
3.5.3 Problems of tandem voice switching . 22

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ETS 300 540 (GSM 03.50 version 4.4.1): October 1998
3.6 Idle channel noise.23
3.6.1 Sending .23
3.6.2 Receiving.23
3.7 Noise contrast.23
3.7.1 General.23
3.7.2 Elements of a PLMN which can cause noise contrast impairment .24
3.7.3 Reduction of noise contrast.24
3.7.3.1 Reduction of noise contrast by limiting the noise received
by the microphone .24
3.7.3.1.1 Headset MS .24
3.7.3.1.2 Handset MS .24
3.7.3.1.3 Handsfree MS.25
3.7.3.2 Reduction of noise contrast by insertion of comfort noise.25
3.7.4 Consequence of the introduction of high comfort noise levels on other
voice-operated devices .25
3.8 Sensitivity/frequency characteristics .25
3.8.1 Headset and Handset MSs .25
3.8.1.1 Sending.25
3.8.1.2 Receiving.26
3.8.2 Handsfree MS .26
3.9 Distortion.26
3.9.1 Sending .26
3.9.2 Receiving.27
3.10 Sidetone.28
3.10.1 Sidetone loss.28
3.10.2 Sidetone distortion.28
3.11 Out-of-band signals .28
3.11.1 Discrimination against out-of-band input signals.28
3.11.2 Spurious out-of-band signals.29
3.12 Requirements for information tones .29
3.13 Crosstalk.29
3.13.1 Near and far end crosstalk .29
3.13.2 Go/return crosstalk.29
Annex A (informative): Considerations on the Acoustic Interface of the Mobile Station .39
A.1 Handsfree MS .39
A.2 Handset MS.39
A.3 Headset MS.39
A.4 Inter-reaction with DTX.39
Annex B (normative): Transmission requirements testing .40
B.1 Loudness ratings.40
B.1.1 Sending Loudness Rating (SLR) .40
B.1.2 Receiving Loudness Rating (RLR).40
B.2 Idle Channel Noise .40
B.2.1 Sending.40
B.2.2 Receiving .41
B.3 Sensitivity/frequency Characteristics.42
B.3.1 Sending.42
B.3.2 Receiving .42
B.4 Distortion .42
B.4.1 Sending.42
B.4.2 Receiving .42
B.5 Variation of gain with input level.43

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B.5.1 Sending . 43
B.5.2 Receiving. 43
B.6 Sidetone. 43
B.6.1 Talker sidetone (STMR) . 43
B.6.2 Listener sidetone (LSTR) . 44
B.7 Sidetone distortion . 44
B.8 Out-of-band signals. 44
B.8.1 Discrimination against out-of-band input signal. 44
B.8.2 Spurious out-of-band signals. 44
B.9 Acoustic echo loss . 45
Annex C (normative): MS delay requirement definition. 46
C.1 Full rate MS delay requirement definition . 46
C.2 Half rate MS delay requirement definition. 47
Annex D (informative): Document change history . 48
History . 49

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Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Special Mobile Group
(SMG) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
This ETS describes the transmission planning aspects pertaining to the speech service within the digital
cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2).
Transposition dates
Date of adoption of this ETS: 23 October 1998
Date of latest announcement of this ETS (doa): 31 January 1999
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this ETS (dop/e): 31 July 1999
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 July 1999

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1 Scope
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) is concerned with the transmission planning aspects
pertaining to the speech service in the pan-European PLMN system. Due to technical and economic
factors, there cannot be full compliance with the general characteristics of international telephone
connections and circuits recommended by CCITT.
This ETS gives guidance as to the precautions, measures and minimum requirements needed for
successful interworking of the PLMN with the national and international PSTN. The Recommendation
identifies a number of routeing and network configurations. The objective is to reach a quality as close as
possible to CCITT standards in order to safeguard the performance seen by PSTN customers.
1.1 Normative references
This ETS incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies. Unless otherwise stated, all references to CCITT
Recommendations are from the Blue Book (1989).
[1] GSM 01.04 (ETR 100): "Digital cellular telecommunication system (Phase 2);
Abbreviations and acronyms".
[2] GSM 03.04 (ETS 300 524): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Signalling requirements relating to routeing of calls to mobile
subscribers".
[3] GSM 06.01 (ETS 300 580-1): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Full rate speech processing functions".
[4] GSM 06.10 (ETS 300 580-2): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Full rate speech transcoding".
[5] GSM 06.11 (ETS 300 580-3): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Substitution and muting of lost frames for full rate speech channels".
[6] GSM 06.12 (ETS 300 580-4): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Comfort noise aspect for full rate speech traffic channels".
[7] GSM 06.31 (ETS 300 580-5): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) for full rate speech traffic
channel".
[8] GSM 06.32 (ETS 300 580-6): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Voice Activity Detection (VAD)".
[9] GSM 06.02 (ETS 300 581-1): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Half rate speech processing functions".
[10] GSM 06.20 (ETS 300 581-2): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Half rate speech transcoding".
[11] GSM 06.21 (ETS 300 581-3): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Substitution and muting of lost frames for half rate speech traffic
channels".
[12] GSM 06.22 (ETS 300 581-4): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Comfort noise aspects for half rate speech traffic channels".

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[13] GSM 06.41 (ETS 300 581-5): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) for half rate speech traffic
channels".
[14] GSM 06.42 (ETS 300 581-6): "Digital cellular telecommunication system
(Phase 2); Voice Activity Detection (VAD) for half rate speech traffic channels".
[15] ETS 300 085 (1990): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); 3,1 kHz
telephony teleservice; Attachment requirements for handset terminals".
[16] CCITT Recommendation G.103: "Hypothetical reference connections".
[17] CCITT recommendation G.111: "Loudness ratings (LRs) in an international
connections".
[18] CCITT Recommendation G.113: "Transmission impairments".
[19] CCITT Recommendation G.114: "Mean one-way propagation time".
[20] CCITT Recommendation G.121: "Loudness ratings (LRs) of national systems".
[21] CCITT Recommendation G.122: "Influence of national systems on stability,
talker echo, and listener echo in international connections".
[22] CCITT Recommendation G.131: "Stability and echo".
[23] CCITT Recommendation G.165: "Echo cancellers".
[24] CCITT Recommendation G.223: "Assumptions for the calculation of noise on
hypothetical reference circuits for telephony".
[25] CCITT Recommendation G.703: "Physical/electrical characteristics of
hierarchical digital interfaces".
[26] CCITT Recommendation G.711: "Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice
frequencies".
[27] CCITT Recommendations G.712: "Transmission performance characteristics of
pulse code modulation".
[28] CCITT Recommendations G.714: "Separate performance characteristics for the
send and receive sides of PCM channels applicable to 4-wire voice frequency
interfaces".
[29] CCITT Recommendations M.1020: "Characteristics of special quality".
[30] CCITT Recommendations M.1025: "Characteristics of special quality
international leased circuits with basic bandwidth conditioning".
[31] CCITT Recommendations M.1030: "Characteristics of ordinary quality
international leased circuits forming part of private switched telephone
networks".
[32] CCITT Recommendations M.1040: "Characteristics of ordinary quality
international leased circuits".
[33] CCITT Recommendation O.132 (1988), "Specification for a quantizing distortion
measuring apparatus using a sinusoidal test signal."
[34] CCITT Recommendation P.11: "Effect of transmission impairments".

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[35] CCITT Recommendation P.34: "Transmission characteristics of hands-free
telephones".
[36] CCITT Recommendation P.38: "Transmission characteristics of operator
telephone systems (OTS)".
[37] CCITT Recommendation P.50: "Artificial voices".
[38] CCITT Recommendation P.51 (1988), "Artificial mouths and artificial ears."
[39] CCITT Recommendation P.64 (1988), "Determination of sensitivity/frequency
characteristics of local telephone systems to permit calculation of their loudness
ratings."
[40] CCITT Recommendation P.76 (1988), "Determination of loudness ratings;
fundamental principles."
[41] CCITT Recommendation P.79 (1988), "Calculation of loudness ratings."
[42] CCITT Recommendation Q.35: "Technical characteristics of tones for the
telephone service".
[43] CCITT Recommendation Q.551: "Transmission characteristics of digital
exchanges".
[44] CCITT Blue Book (1988), Volume V, Supplement 13, "Noise spectra."
[45] ISO 3 - 1973, "Preferred numbers - series of preferred numbers."
[46] ITU-T Recommendation P.57 (1993), "Artificial ears."
1.2 Definitions and abbreviations
In addition to those below the definitions and abbreviations used in this specification are listed in GSM
01.04.
ADC Analogue to Digital Converter
ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
AEC Acoustic Echo Control
BSC' Base Station Controller (excluding transmission sytems
BTS' Base Tranceiver Station (excluding transmission systems)
DAC Digital to Analogue Converter
DMR Digital Mobile Radio
DSI Digital Speech Interpolation
EEC Electric Echo Control
EL Echo Loss
ERP Ear Reference Point
FDM Frequency Division Multiplex
LSTR Listener Sidetone Rating
MRP Mouth Reference Point
OLR Overall Loudness Rating
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
POI Point of Interconnection (with PSTN)
RLR Receiver Loudness Rating
SLR Send Loudness Rating
STMR Sidetone Masking Rating
UPCMI 13-bit Uniform PCM Interface
1.3 Introduction
Since the transmission quality and the conversational qualtiy of the PLMN will in general be lower than the
quality of the PSTN connection due to coding distortion, delay, etc, only some transmission aspects can

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be brought in line with CCITT Recommendations. It is therefore necessary to improve the overall quality
as much as possible by implementing proper routeing and network configurations.
It should be recognised that the transmission plan for the pan-European PLMN cannot lead to major
changes in the PSTN. However, it is important to use the improvements in the evolving PSTN (e.g.
digitalization, introduction of echo cancellers) in an effective way.
The transmission requirements are in the first place based on international connections. When the quality
is sufficient for international connections, it can be assumed that the national connections will have the
same or better quality.
In order to obtain a sufficient quality in the connection, it is preferable to have digital connectivity between
the Base Station System (BSS) and the international exchange. The PLMN requirements are based on
this assumption. When this situation cannot be provided, a lower quality must temporarily be accepted.
This Recommendation consists of two parts: one will deal with network configurations, the other with
transmission performance.
The part about network configurations gives information about the reference connections, on which the
transmission plan is based. Furthermore, some guidelines are presented for improvement of the
transmission quality in the evolving (digital) PSTN.
The part about transmission performance gives mainly characteristics of the transmission between MS
acoustic interface (MRP/ERP) and the interface between the PLMN and the PSTN (POI). For transmission
aspects where it is impossible to give overall characteristics, it is in some cases necessary to make
recommendations for individual parts of the equipment.
Unless otherwise stated, all references to CCITT Recommendations are from the Blue Book (1989).
Annex A considers the effects of the type of acoustic interfaces of the MS.
2 Network configurations
2.1 General
The basic configuration for the interworking with the PSTN is shown in figure 1.
2.2 Model of the PLMN
A more detailed model of the PLMN used for the consideration of transmission planning issues for speech
is shown in figure 2. This model represents the main functions required and does not necessarily imply
any particular physical realisation. Routeing of calls is given in Recommendation GSM 03.04.
Any acoustic echo control is not specifically shown as it will be provided by analogue processing of digital
processing or a combination of both techniques.

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2.3 Interfaces
The main interfaces identified within the GSM Recommendations are shown in figure 1. For the purposes
of this Recommendation, the Air Interface and the Point of Interconnect (POI) are identified along with two
other interfaces, Interface Z and a 13-bit Uniform PCM Interface (UPCMI). These interfaces are needed to
define the PLMN transmission characteristics and the overall system requirements.
The Air Interface is specified by GSM 05 series Recommendations and is required to achieve MS
transportability. Analogue measurements can be made at this point by using the appropriate radio terminal
equipment and speech transcoder. The losses and gains introduced by the test speech transcoder will
need to be specified.
The POI with the PSTN will generally be at the 2048 kbits/s level at an interface, in accordance with
CCITT Recommendation G.703. At the point, which is considered to have a relative level of O dBr, the
analogue signals will be represented by 8-bit A-law, according to CCITT Recommendation G.711.
Analogue measurements may be made at this point using a standard send and receive side, as defined in
CCITT Recommendations G.714 and G.712.
Interface Z might be used in the case of direct MSC to MSC connections. Interface Z is of the same
nature as the POI.
The UPCMI is introduced for design purposes in order to s
...