SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
(Main)Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Coastal Survelliance, Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR) - Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Coastal Survelliance, Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR) - Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Services (VTS), Coastal Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics:
• Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100 Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.2]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment under test.
NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.5] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.
Elektromagnetna združljivost in zadeve v zvezi z radijskim spektrom (ERM) - Obalni nadzor, sistemi za nadzor plovbe in pristaniški radarji (CS/VTS/HR) - Harmonizirani EN, ki zajema bistvene zahteve člena 3.2 direktive R&TTE
Ta dokument se uporablja za zaznavala radarja v frekvenčnem pasu X, namenjena uporabi v okviru sistemov za nadzor plovbe (VTS), obalnega nadzora (CS) in pristaniških radarjev (HR) z naslednjimi značilnostmi:
• Uporaba moduliranih ali nemoduliranih pulzov.
• Oddajnik Peak Envelope Power do 100 kW.
• Antena oddajno-sprejemne naprave uporablja votel pravokoten kovinski valovod.
• Antena se pasivno vrti glede na valovod.
• Na izhodu oddajno-sprejemne naprave je uporabljena radiofrekvenčna obtočna črpalka.
OPOMBA 1: Ker sta oddajno-sprejemna naprava in antena votel kovinski pravokoten valovod, je frekvenčno območje za meritve od 6,56 do 26 GHz. Nižja spodnja vrednost tega frekvenčnega območja se dobi kot mejna frekvenca kombinacije zoženega dela obtočne črpalke WR112/R84 in valovoda WR90/R100, kot je določeno v standardu IEC 60153-2 [i.2]. Zgornja meja ustreza zgornji meji, navedeni v priporočilu ERC 74-01 [i.4]. Po enakih načelih se lahko uporabljajo druge vrste valovodov, da se pridobi popolna merilna pokritost frekvenčnega območja izhodne prirobnice preskušane opreme.OPOMBA 2: Ker je na izhodu oddajno-sprejemne naprave uporabljena radiofrekvenčna obtočna črpalka, se predvideva, da so značilnosti oddajno-sprejemne naprave neodvisne od antene.
OPOMBA 3: Glede na člen 5 Pravilnika o radiokomunikacijah Mednarodne telekomunikacijske zveze [i.5] obstaja več pasov med 8,5 GHz in 10 GHz, namenjenih radiolokacijskim službam. Pri podrobnih uporabah pasov obstajajo nacionalna odstopanja, vendar so osnovni predpisi glede uporabe spektra enaki.
Ta dokument zajema določbe člena 3.2 Direktive 1999/5/ES [i.1] (direktive R&TTE), ki navaja, da »mora biti radijska oprema skonstruirana tako, da učinkovito uporablja spekter, razporejen za prizemne/vesoljske radijske komunikacije in orbitalne vire, tako da ne pride do škodljivega motenja«. Poleg tega dokumenta se za opremo v področju uporabe tega dokumenta lahko uporabljajo tudi drugi standardi EN, ki določajo tehnične zahteve v zvezi z bistvenimi zahtevami iz drugih delov člena 3 direktive R&TTE [i.1].
OPOMBA 4: Seznam tovrstnih evropskih standardov je na voljo na spletnem mestu http://www.newapproach.org.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.577(Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Coastal Survelliance, Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR) - Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive47.020.70Navigacijska in krmilna opremaNavigation and control equipment33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 303 135 Version 1.1.1SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014en01-oktober-2014SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Coastal Surveillance, Vessel Traffic Services and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR); Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements
of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
HARMONIZED EUROPEAN STANDARD SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 2
Reference DEN/ERM-TG26-107 Keywords maritime, radar, regulation ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00
Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014. All rights reserved.
DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights . 5 Foreword . 5 Modal verbs terminology . 5 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 References . 8 2.1 Normative references . 8 2.2 Informative references . 8 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9 3.1 Definitions . 9 3.2 Symbols . 9 3.3 Abbreviations . 10 4 Technical requirements . 10 4.1 Environmental profile . 10 4.2 Conformance requirements . 10 4.2.1 Operating frequency . 10 4.2.1.1 Definition . 10 4.2.1.2 Limits . 10 4.2.1.3 Conformance . 10 4.2.2 Transmitter power . 11 4.2.2.1 Definition . 11 4.2.2.2 Limits . 11 4.2.2.3 Conformance . 11 4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions . 11 4.2.3.1 Definition . 11 4.2.3.2 Limits . 13 4.2.3.3 Conformance . 14 4.2.4 Spurious emissions . 14 4.2.4.1 Definition . 14 4.2.4.2 Limits . 15 4.2.4.3 Conformance . 15 4.3 Receiver requirements . 15 4.3.1 Receiver Selectivity . 15 4.3.1.1 Definition . 15 4.3.1.2 Limit . 15 4.3.1.3 Conformance . 16 5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 16 5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 16 5.2 Interpretation of the measurement results . 16 5.3 Test conditions, power supply and ambient temperatures . 16 5.3.1 Standard operating mode of the radar equipment . 16 5.4 Normal and extreme test conditions . 17 5.4.1 Introduction. 17 5.4.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 17 5.4.3 Normal test power supply . 17 5.5 Essential radio test suites . 17 5.5.1 Operating frequency . 17 5.5.2 Transmitter power . 18 5.5.3 Out-of-Band-emissions . 18 5.5.4 Spurious emissions . 20 5.5.5 Receiver Selectivity . 21 SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 4 Annex A (normative): HS Requirements and conformance Test specifications Table (HS-RTT) . 22 Annex B (normative): Transmission power and unwanted emissions of radar systems with indirect methods . 24 Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 25 History . 26
SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http://ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Harmonized European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to mandate M/284 issued from the European Commission under Directive 98/34/EC [i.6] as amended by Directive 98/48/EC [i.8]. The title and reference to the present document are intended to be included in the publication in the Official Journal of the European Union of titles and references of Harmonized Standard under the Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1]. See article 5.1 of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] for information on presumption of conformity and Harmonised Standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The requirements relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] are summarized in annex A.
National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 1 September 2014 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 December 2014 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):
30 June 2015 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 June 2016
Modal verbs terminology In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "may not", "need", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). "must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 6 Introduction The present document intends to present a harmonized way of proving compliance to the essential requirements of the R&TTE directive for important types of radar like Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and possibly harbour radars. The emission limits implemented arise from ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012) [i.3] and ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011) [i.4]. The test methods used arise from Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011) [2] and Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1]. NOTE: The present document is closely related to EN 303 213-6-1 [i.11] which covers essential requirements for radars used in airport SMGCS systems, but which use largely the same type of radar technology. The present document is part of a set of standards developed by ETSI and is designed to fit in a modular structure to cover all radio and telecommunications terminal equipment within the scope of the R&TTE Directive [i.1]. The modular structure is shown in EG 201 399 [i.7]. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 7 1 Scope The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Services (VTS), Coastal Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics: • Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses. • Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW. • The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide. • The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used. NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100 Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.2]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment under test. NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics remain independent from the antenna. NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.5] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.
Table 1: Radiolocation service frequency bands [GHz] 8 500 - 8 550 8 550 - 8 650 8 650 - 8 750 8 750 - 8 850 8 850 - 9 000 9 000 - 9 200 9 200 - 9 300 9 300 - 9 500 9 500 - 9 800 9 800 - 9 900 9 900 - 10 000
The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] (R&TTE Directive), article 3.2, which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference". In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements under other parts of Article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [i.1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present document. NOTE 4: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 8 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. [1] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 (08-2013): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain". [2] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04-2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted emissions of radar systems". 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 1999/5/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE Directive). [i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 2.0, 1974): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for ordinary rectangular waveguides". [i.3] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions". [i.4] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain". [i.5] ITU Radio Regulations 2012. [i.6] Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on information society services. [i.7] ETSI EG 201 399: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); A guide to the production of Harmonized Standards for application under the R&TTE Directive". [i.8] Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations. [i.9] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics". [i.10] ETSI TR 100 028-2 (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Part 2". [i.11] ETSI EN 303 213-6-1: "Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS); Part 6: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive for deployed surface movement radar sensors; Sub-part 1: X-band sensors using pulsed signals and transmitting power up to 100 kW". SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 9 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.152 [i.5] and it applies to a given class of emission. occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %. NOTE 2: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.153 [i.5]. peak envelope power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.157 [i.5]. pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude (voltage) 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: B-40 -40 dB bandwidth BC Chirp bandwidth BN Necessary bandwidth Bres 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver dBpp dB with respect to peak power Dno spur Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
k
Boltzmann's constant NFsys Noise Figure of the system PD Probability of detection
Pfa Probability of false detection
Pt Pulse power of transmission t Time tp Pulse duration
tr Pulse rise time T0
Temperature in Kelvin TC Chirp length in seconds λ Wavelength SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 10 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AC Alternating Current CS Coastal Surveillance FM Frequency Modulation HR Harbor Radar LNA Low Noise Amplifier OoB Out-of-Band PEP Peak Envelope Power R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment RF Radio Frequency SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System VTS Vessel Traffic Services 4 Technical requirements 4.1 Environmental profile The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer. The equipment shall comply in any of the operating modes with all the technical requirements of the present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile. 4.2 Conformance requirements 4.2.1 Operating frequency 4.2.1.1 Definition The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on the pulse duration.
The operating frequency is to be understood as the frequency of the microwave emission during the transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude.
NOTE: It is only practicable to indicate an operating frequency for radars with unmodulated pulses. In this case a limit for the frequency tolerance is specified. For radars with modulated pulses such a limit is not applicable. In any case the occupied bandwidth is completely contained in the allocated frequency band(s). 4.2.1.2 Limits The limit for the frequency tolerance applying to unmodulated pulses is ±30 MHz. For all radar types covered by the present document the occupied bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely within the allocated band in use (e.g. 9 200 MHz to 9 500 MHz) in all operating modes. 4.2.1.3 Conformance Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.1 shall be carried out. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 11 4.2.2 Transmitter power 4.2.2.1 Definition The transmitter power shall be referenced with respect to the output port of the radar transmitter. The transmitter power of a pulse radar is understood to be the peak pulse envelope (PEP see ITU Radio Regulation 1.157 [i.5]) power during the transmitted pulse.
If the transmitter power can be varied according to azimuth, the highest PEP value measured during a period equal to at least one rotation period shall be used. 4.2.2.2 Limits The transmitter power shall be as specified by the manufacturer with an accuracy of at least ±2 dB under normal operating conditions. The peak power value shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW). 4.2.2.3 Conformance Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.5.2 shall be carried out. 4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions 4.2.3.1 Definition An important parameter of the Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions mask of the radar is the -40 dB bandwidth. Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1] specifies the -40 dB bandwidth specified for various types of waveforms (e.g. pulsed radar signals). With the following assumptions which apply to most VTS/CS/HR radars these specifications can be further simplified: • the radar is operating in a band within the limits 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz; • the pulse power is below 100 kW; • the pulse rise time tr is greater than 0,0094·t, where t is the pulse duration. With the aforementioned assumptions the -40 dB bandwidth (B-40) for primary non-FM pulse radars can be determined as follows: rttB×=−6.740 Where: t is the pulse duration tr is the rise time in the case of a trapezoidal pulse NOTE: For typical values of a pulse duration of t = 50 ns and a rise time of tr = 10 ns the formula above yields a -40 dB bandwidth value of 340 MHz.
For radars with multiple pulse waveforms, the B-40 bandwidth should be calculated for each individual pulse type and the maximum B-40 bandwidth obtained shall be used to establish the shape of the emission mask. For radars with a highly asymmetrical spectrum, the B-40 dB bandwidth can be offset from the frequency of maximum emission level, but the necessary bandwidth, BN and preferably the overall occupied bandwidth should be contained completely within the allocated band as stipulated in section 4 of Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1]. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 12 The application of this rule is illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: Application of the offset-rule for the Out-of-Band emission limit mask For FM pulsed radars the B-40 can be calculated as follows: ()[]()()[]{}3&&&53.040111,,,,ln5.1fffallriseffallrriseSfallrisefallrisefallrisefallriseCCttBtBtBwhereBBBBMaxBBBMinBBB⋅⋅=⋅=⋅=++⋅⋅⋅+⋅=−ττττπ Where: B-40 is the -40 dB bandwidth in Hz BC is the bandwidth of the frequency deviation (total frequency shift during the pulse generation) BS is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency will be shifted, BS equals zero for non-frequency hopping cases. It is zero in case of a single carrier frequency τ is the pulse length including rise & fall times tr is the risetime in seconds tf
is the falltime in seconds BC is the chirp bandwidth in Hz BS is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency is shifted SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014
ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 13 For systems with multiple carriers, the OoB domain should start at the edges of the total assigned bandwidth. This means that the effective B-40 is from the lower end of the calculated B-40 of the lowest radar frequency to the high end of the B-40 for the highest radar frequency. In general the OoB domain shall be determined according to Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1], but the examples above are valid for the most commonly used modulation types. 4.2.3.2 Limits The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth. The maximum radiated Out-of-Band emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in table 2 and the corresponding mask depicted in figure 2. The roll-off of the OoB-mask beyond the -40 dB bandwidth, B-40 in relation to B-40 is specified as follows: • The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B-40 bandwidth to a level of -60 dBpp. The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp. NOTE 1: This mask corresponds to the limit specification in Annex 2 of i.e. the dashed line in figure A2.1c of ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [i.3]. • If an absolute limit of -30 dBm can be more easily achieved this limit applies in lieu of -100 dBpp. NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4] stip
...
ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
HARMONIZED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Coastal Surveillance,
Vessel Traffic Services and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR);
Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements
of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG26-107
Keywords
maritime, radar, regulation
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 8
2.1 Normative references . 8
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements . 10
4.1 Environmental profile . 10
4.2 Conformance requirements . 10
4.2.1 Operating frequency . 10
4.2.1.1 Definition . 10
4.2.1.2 Limits . 10
4.2.1.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.2 Transmitter power . 11
4.2.2.1 Definition . 11
4.2.2.2 Limits . 11
4.2.2.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions . 11
4.2.3.1 Definition . 11
4.2.3.2 Limits . 13
4.2.3.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.4 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.4.1 Definition . 14
4.2.4.2 Limits . 15
4.2.4.3 Conformance . 15
4.3 Receiver requirements . 15
4.3.1 Receiver Selectivity . 15
4.3.1.1 Definition . 15
4.3.1.2 Limit . 15
4.3.1.3 Conformance . 16
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 16
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 16
5.2 Interpretation of the measurement results . 16
5.3 Test conditions, power supply and ambient temperatures . 16
5.3.1 Standard operating mode of the radar equipment . 16
5.4 Normal and extreme test conditions . 17
5.4.1 Introduction. 17
5.4.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 17
5.4.3 Normal test power supply . 17
5.5 Essential radio test suites . 17
5.5.1 Operating frequency . 17
5.5.2 Transmitter power . 18
5.5.3 Out-of-Band-emissions . 18
5.5.4 Spurious emissions . 20
5.5.5 Receiver Selectivity . 21
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
4 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
Annex A (normative): HS Requirements and conformance Test specifications Table (HS-
RTT) . 22
Annex B (normative): Transmission power and unwanted emissions of radar systems with
indirect methods . 24
Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 25
History . 26
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
5 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Harmonized European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to mandate M/284 issued from the European
Commission under Directive 98/34/EC [i.6] as amended by Directive 98/48/EC [i.8].
The title and reference to the present document are intended to be included in the publication in the Official Journal of
the European Union of titles and references of Harmonized Standard under the Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
See article 5.1 of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] for information on presumption of conformity and Harmonised Standards or
parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
The requirements relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] are summarized in annex A.
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 1 September 2014
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 December 2014
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 30 June 2015
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 June 2016
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "may not", "need", "need not", "will",
"will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms
for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
6 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
Introduction
The present document intends to present a harmonized way of proving compliance to the essential requirements of the
R&TTE directive for important types of radar like Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and
possibly harbour radars.
The emission limits implemented arise from ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012) [i.3] and
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011) [i.4].
The test methods used arise from Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011) [2] and Recommendation ITU-R
SM.1541-5 [1].
NOTE: The present document is closely related to EN 303 213-6-1 [i.11] which covers essential requirements for
radars used in airport SMGCS systems, but which use largely the same type of radar technology.
The present document is part of a set of standards developed by ETSI and is designed to fit in a modular structure to
cover all radio and telecommunications terminal equipment within the scope of the R&TTE Directive [i.1]. The
modular structure is shown in EG 201 399 [i.7].
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
7 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
1 Scope
The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Services (VTS), Coastal
Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics:
• Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for
measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency
range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100
Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.2]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to
obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment
under test.
NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.5] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz
and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band
usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.
Table 1: Radiolocation service frequency bands [GHz]
8 500 - 8 550
8 550 - 8 650
8 650 - 8 750
8 750 - 8 850
8 850 - 9 000
9 000 - 9 200
9 200 - 9 300
9 300 - 9 500
9 500 - 9 800
9 800 - 9 900
9 900 - 10 000
The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] (R&TTE Directive), article 3.2,
which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to
terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference".
In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements
under other parts of Article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [i.1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present
document.
NOTE 4: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
8 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 (08-2013): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[2] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04-2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 1999/5/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio
equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity (R&TTE Directive).
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 2.0, 1974): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[i.4] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[i.5] ITU Radio Regulations 2012.
[i.6] Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down a procedure for
the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on
information society services.
[i.7] ETSI EG 201 399: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); A guide to
the production of Harmonized Standards for application under the R&TTE Directive".
[i.8] Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending
Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of
technical standards and regulations.
[i.9] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio
spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment
characteristics".
[i.10] ETSI TR 100 028-2 (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics;
Part 2".
[i.11] ETSI EN 303 213-6-1: "Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS);
Part 6: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
for deployed surface movement radar sensors; Sub-part 1: X-band sensors using pulsed signals and
transmitting power up to 100 kW".
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
9 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at
the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.152 [i.5] and it applies to a given class of
emission.
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.153 [i.5].
peak envelope power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one radio
frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.157 [i.5].
pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage)
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
B 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver
res
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
D Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
no spur
k Boltzmann's constant
NF Noise Figure of the system
sys
PD Probability of detection
Pfa Probability of false detection
P Pulse power of transmission
t
t Time
t Pulse duration
p
t Pulse rise time
r
T Temperature in Kelvin
0
T Chirp length in seconds
C
λ Wavelength
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
10 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
CS Coastal Surveillance
FM Frequency Modulation
HR Harbor Radar
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment
RF Radio Frequency
SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System
VTS Vessel Traffic Services
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer.
The equipment shall comply in any of the operating modes with all the technical requirements of the present document
at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Operating frequency
4.2.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on
the pulse duration.
The operating frequency is to be understood as the frequency of the microwave emission during the transmitting pulse
and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude.
NOTE: It is only practicable to indicate an operating frequency for radars with unmodulated pulses. In this case a
limit for the frequency tolerance is specified. For radars with modulated pulses such a limit is not
applicable. In any case the occupied bandwidth is completely contained in the allocated frequency
band(s).
4.2.1.2 Limits
The limit for the frequency tolerance applying to unmodulated pulses is ±30 MHz.
For all radar types covered by the present document the occupied bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely
within the allocated band in use (e.g. 9 200 MHz to 9 500 MHz) in all operating modes.
4.2.1.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.1 shall be carried out.
ETSI
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11 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
4.2.2 Transmitter power
4.2.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power shall be referenced with respect to the output port of the radar transmitter.
The transmitter power of a pulse radar is understood to be the peak pulse envelope (PEP see ITU Radio
Regulation 1.157 [i.5]) power during the transmitted pulse.
If the transmitter power can be varied according to azimuth, the highest PEP value measured during a period equal to at
least one rotation period shall be used.
4.2.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall be as specified by the manufacturer with an accuracy of at least ±2 dB under normal
operating conditions. The peak power value shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW).
4.2.2.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.5.2 shall be carried out.
4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.3.1 Definition
An important parameter of the Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions mask of the radar is the -40 dB bandwidth. Annex 8 of
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1] specifies the -40 dB bandwidth specified for various types of waveforms
(e.g. pulsed radar signals). With the following assumptions which apply to most VTS/CS/HR radars these specifications
can be further simplified:
• the radar is operating in a band within the limits 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz;
• the pulse power is below 100 kW;
• the pulse rise time t is greater than 0,0094 ·t, where t is the pulse duration.
r
With the aforementioned assumptions the -40 dB bandwidth (B ) for primary non-FM pulse radars can be determined
-40
as follows:
7.6
B =
−40
t ×t
r
Where:
t is the pulse duration
t is the rise time in the case of a trapezoidal pulse
r
NOTE: For typical values of a pulse duration of t = 50 ns and a rise time of t = 10 ns the formula above yields a
r
-40 dB bandwidth value of 340 MHz.
For radars with multiple pulse waveforms, the B bandwidth should be calculated for each individual pulse type and
-40
the maximum B bandwidth obtained shall be used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
For radars with a highly asymmetrical spectrum, the B dB bandwidth can be offset from the frequency of maximum
-40
emission level, but the necessary bandwidth, B and preferably the overall occupied bandwidth should be contained
N
completely within the allocated band as stipulated in section 4 of Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1].
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
12 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
The application of this rule is illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: Application of the offset-rule for the Out-of-Band emission limit mask
For FM pulsed radars the B can be calculated as follows:
-40
0.53
B = 1.5⋅{B + π ⋅[]ln()B ⋅τ ⋅[]Min()B , B , B + Max()B , B , B }+ B
−40 C C rise fall rise& fall rise fall rise& fall S
where
1
B =
rise
τ ⋅ t
r
1
B =
fall
τ ⋅t
f
1
B =
rise& fall
3
τ ⋅ t ⋅t
f f
Where:
B is the -40 dB bandwidth in Hz
-40
B is the bandwidth of the frequency deviation (total frequency shift during the pulse generation)
C
B is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency will be shifted, B equals zero for non-frequency
S S
hopping cases. It is zero in case of a single carrier frequency
τ is the pulse length including rise & fall times
t is the risetime in seconds
r
t is the falltime in seconds
f
B is the chirp bandwidth in Hz
C
B is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency is shifted
S
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
13 ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09)
For systems with multiple carriers, the OoB domain should start at the edges of the total assigned bandwidth. This
means that the effective B is from the lower end of the calculated B of the lowest radar frequency to the high end
-40 -40
of the B for the highest radar frequency.
-40
In general the OoB domain shall be determined according to Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1], but the examples
above are valid for the most commonly used modulation types.
4.2.3.2 Limits
The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth.
The maximum radiated Out-of-Band emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in table 2 and the
corresponding mask depicted in figure 2. The roll-off of the OoB-mask beyond the -40 dB bandwidth, B in relation to
-40
B is specified as follows:
-40
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -60 dBpp.
-40
The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp.
NOTE 1: This mask corresponds to the limit specification in Annex 2 of i.e. the dashed line in figure A2.1c of
ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [i.3].
• If an absolute limit of -30 dBm can be more easily a
...
Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
HARMONIZED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Coastal Surveillance,
Vessel Traffic Services and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR);
Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements
of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG26-107
Keywords
maritime, radar, regulation
ETSI
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ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 8
2.1 Normative references . 8
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Technical requirements . 10
4.1 Environmental profile . 10
4.2 Conformance requirements . 10
4.2.1 Operating frequency . 10
4.2.1.1 Definition . 10
4.2.1.2 Limits . 10
4.2.1.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.2 Transmitter power . 11
4.2.2.1 Definition . 11
4.2.2.2 Limits . 11
4.2.2.3 Conformance . 11
4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions . 11
4.2.3.1 Definition . 11
4.2.3.2 Limits . 13
4.2.3.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.4 Spurious emissions . 14
4.2.4.1 Definition . 14
4.2.4.2 Limits . 15
4.2.4.3 Conformance . 15
4.3 Receiver requirements . 15
4.3.1 Receiver Selectivity . 15
4.3.1.1 Definition . 15
4.3.1.2 Limit . 15
4.3.1.3 Conformance . 16
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 16
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 16
5.2 Interpretation of the measurement results . 16
5.3 Test conditions, power supply and ambient temperatures . 16
5.3.1 Standard operating mode of the radar equipment . 16
5.4 Normal and extreme test conditions . 17
5.4.1 Introduction. 17
5.4.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 17
5.4.3 Normal test power supply . 17
5.5 Essential radio test suites . 17
5.5.1 Operating frequency . 17
5.5.2 Transmitter power . 18
5.5.3 Out-of-Band-emissions . 18
5.5.4 Spurious emissions . 20
5.5.5 Receiver Selectivity . 21
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
4 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
Annex A (normative): HS Requirements and conformance Test specifications Table (HS-
RTT) . 22
Annex B (normative): Transmission power and unwanted emissions of radar systems with
indirect methods . 24
Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 25
History . 26
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
5 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This final draft Harmonized European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the Vote phase of the
ETSI standards EN Approval Procedure.
The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to mandate M/284 issued from the European
Commission under Directive 98/34/EC [i.6] as amended by Directive 98/48/EC [i.8].
The title and reference to the present document are intended to be included in the publication in the Official Journal of
the European Union of titles and references of Harmonized Standard under the Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
See article 5.1 of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] for information on presumption of conformity and Harmonised Standards or
parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
The requirements relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] are summarized in annex A.
Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 18 months after doa
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "may not", "need", "need not", "will",
"will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms
for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
The present document intends to present a harmonized way of proving compliance to the essential requirements of the
R&TTE directive for important types of radar like Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and
possibly harbour radars.
The emission limits implemented arise from ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012) [i.3] and
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011) [i.4].
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
6 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
The test methods used arise from Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011) [2] and Recommendation
ITU-R SM.1541-4 (2011) [1].
NOTE: The present document is closely related to EN 303 213-6-1 [i.11] which covers essential requirements for
radars used in airport SMGCS systems, but which use largely the same type of radar technology.
The present document is part of a set of standards developed by ETSI and is designed to fit in a modular structure to
cover all radio and telecommunications terminal equipment within the scope of the R&TTE Directive [i.1]. The
modular structure is shown in EG 201 399 [i.7].
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
7 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
1 Scope
The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Services (VTS), Coastal
Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics:
• Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for
measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency
range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100
Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.2]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to
obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment
under test.
NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.5] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz
and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band
usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.
Table 1: Radiolocation service frequency bands [GHz]
8 500 - 8 550
8 550 - 8 650
8 650 - 8 750
8 750 - 8 850
8 850 - 9 000
9 000 - 9 200
9 200 - 9 300
9 300 - 9 500
9 500 - 9 800
9 800 - 9 900
9 900 - 10 000
The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] (R&TTE Directive), article 3.2,
which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to
terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference".
In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements
under other parts of Article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [i.1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present
document.
NOTE: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org.
ETSI
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8 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 (09-2011): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[2] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04-2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 1999/5/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio
equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity (R&TTE Directive).
[i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 2.0, 1974): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.3] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[i.4] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[i.5] ITU Radio Regulations 2012.
[i.6] Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down a procedure for
the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on
information society services.
[i.7] ETSI EG 201 399: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); A guide to
the production of Harmonized Standards for application under the R&TTE Directive".
[i.8] Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending
Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of
technical standards and regulations.
[i.9] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio
spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment
characteristics".
[i.10] ETSI TR 100 028-2 (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics;
Part 2".
[i.11] ETSI EN 303 213-6-1: "Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS);
Part 6: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
for deployed surface movement radar sensors; Sub-part 1: X-band sensors using pulsed signals and
transmitting power up to 100 kW".
ETSI
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9 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at
the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.152 [i.5] and it applies to a given class of
emission.
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.153 [i.5].
peak envelope power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one radio
frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.157 [i.5]).
pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage)
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
B 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver
res
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
D Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
no spur
k Boltzmann's constant
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
NF Noise Figure of the system
sys
PD Probability of detection
PEP Peak Envelope Power
Pfa Probability of false detection
P Pulse power of transmission
t
t Time
t Pulse duration
p
t Pulse rise time
r
T Temperature in Kelvin
0
T Chirp length in seconds
C
λ Wavelength
ETSI
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10 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
CS Coastal Surveillance
FM Frequency Modulation
HR Harbor Radar
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment
RF Radio Frequency
SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System
VTS Vessel Traffic Services
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer.
The equipment shall comply in any of the operating modes with all the technical requirements of the present document
at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Operating frequency
4.2.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on
the pulse duration.
The operating frequency is to be understood as the frequency of the microwave emission during the transmitting pulse
and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude.
NOTE: It is only practicable to indicate an operating frequency for radars with unmodulated pulses. In this case a
limit for the frequency tolerance is specified. For radars with modulated pulses such a limit is not
applicable. In any case the occupied bandwidth is completely contained in the allocated frequency
band(s).
4.2.1.2 Limits
The limit for the frequency tolerance applying to unmodulated pulses is ±30 MHz.
For all radar types covered by the present document the occupied bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely
within the allocated band in use (e.g. 9 200 MHz to 9 500 MHz) in all operating modes.
4.2.1.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.1 shall be carried out.
ETSI
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11 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
4.2.2 Transmitter power
4.2.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power shall be referenced with respect to the output port of the radar transmitter.
The transmitter power of a pulse radar is understood to be the peak pulse envelope (PEP see
ITU Radio Regulation 1.157 [i.5]) power during the transmitted pulse.
If the transmitter power can be varied according to azimuth, the highest PEP value measured during a period equal to at
least one rotation period shall be used.
4.2.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall be as specified by the manufacturer with an accuracy of at least ±2 dB under normal
operating conditions. The peak power value shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW).
4.2.2.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.5.2 shall be carried out.
4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions
4.2.3.1 Definition
An important parameter of the Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions mask of the radar is the -40 dB bandwidth. Annex 8 of
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1] specifies the -40 dB bandwidth specified for various types of waveforms (e.g.
pulsed radar signals). With the following assumptions which apply to most VTS/CS/HR radars these specifications can
be further simplified:
• the radar is operating in a band within the limits 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz;
• the pulse power is below 100 kW;
• the pulse rise time t is greater than 0,0094 ·t, where t is the pulse duration.
r
With the aforementioned assumptions the -40 dB bandwidth (B ) for primary non-FM pulse radars can be determined
-40
as follows:
7.6
B =
−40
t ×t
r
Where:
t is the pulse duration
t is the rise time in the case of a trapezoidal pulse
r
NOTE: For typical values of a pulse duration of t = 50 ns and a rise time of t = 10 ns the formula above yields a
r
-40 dB bandwidth value of 340 MHz.
For radars with multiple pulse waveforms, the B bandwidth should be calculated for each individual pulse type and
-40
the maximum B bandwidth obtained shall be used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
For radars with a highly asymmetrical spectrum, the B dB bandwidth can be offset from the frequency of maximum
-40
emission level, but the necessary bandwidth, B and preferably the overall occupied bandwidth should be contained
N
completely within the allocated band as stipulated in section 4 of Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1].
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
12 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
The application of this rule is illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: Application of the offset-rule for the Out-of-Band emission limit mask
For FM pulsed radars the B can be calculated as follows:
-40
0.53
B = 1.5⋅{B + π ⋅[]ln()B ⋅τ ⋅[]Min()B , B , B + Max()B , B , B }+ B
−40 C C rise fall rise& fall rise fall rise& fall S
where
1
B =
rise
τ ⋅ t
r
1
B =
fall
τ ⋅t
f
1
B =
rise& fall
3
τ ⋅ t ⋅t
f f
Where:
B is the -40 dB bandwidth in Hz
-40
B is the bandwidth of the frequency deviation (total frequency shift during the pulse generation)
C
B is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency will be shifted, B equals zero for non-frequency
S S
hopping cases. It is zero in case of a single carrier frequency
τ is the pulse length including rise & fall times
t is the risetime in seconds
r
t is the falltime in seconds
f
B is the chirp bandwidth in Hz
C
B is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency is shifted
S
ETSI
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13 Final draft ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-07)
For systems with multiple carriers, the OoB domain should start at the edges of the total assigned bandwidth. This
means that the effective B is from the lower end of the calculated B of the lowest radar frequency to the high end of
-40 -40
the B for the highest radar frequency.
-40
In general the OoB domain shall be determined according to Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1], but the examples
above are valid for the most commonly used modulation types.
4.2.3.2 Limits
The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth.
The maximum radiated Out-of-Band emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in table 2 and the
corresponding mask depicted in figure 2. The roll-off of the OoB-mask beyond the -40 dB bandwidth, B in relation to
-40
B is specified as follows:
-40
• The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwid
...
Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Harmonized European Standard
Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Coastal Survelliance,
Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR);
Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements
of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG26-107
Keywords
maritime, radar, regulation
ETSI
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Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
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Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements . 9
4.1 Environmental profile . 9
4.2 Conformance requirements . 9
4.2.1 Operating frequency . 9
4.2.1.1 Definition . 9
4.2.1.2 Limits . 9
4.2.1.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.2 Transmitter power . 10
4.2.2.1 Definition . 10
4.2.2.2 Limits . 10
4.2.2.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.3 Out-of-band emissions . 10
4.2.3.1 Definition . 10
4.2.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.3.3 Conformance . 13
4.2.4 Spurious emissions . 13
4.2.4.1 Definition . 13
4.2.4.2 Limits . 14
4.2.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.3 Receiver requirements . 15
4.3.1 Receiver Noise Figure . 15
4.3.1.1 Limit . 15
4.3.1.2 Conformance . 15
4.3.2 Receiver Selectivity . 15
4.3.2.1 Limit . 15
4.3.2.2 Conformance . 15
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 15
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 15
5.2 Interpretation of the measurement results . 15
5.3 Test conditions, power supply and ambient temperatures . 16
5.3.1 Standard operating mode of the radar equipment . 16
5.4 Normal and extreme test conditions . 16
5.4.1 Introduction. 16
5.4.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 16
5.4.3 Normal test power supply . 17
5.5 Essential radio test suites . 17
5.5.1 Operating frequency . 17
5.5.2 Transmitter power . 17
5.5.3 Out-of-Band-emissions . 17
5.5.4 Spurious emissions . 19
5.5.5 System Noise Figure . 19
5.5.6 Receiver Selectivity . 20
ETSI
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4 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
5.5.6.1 Receiver Out-of-Band selectivity . 20
5.5.6.2 Receiver spurious response rejection . 21
Annex A (normative): HS Requirements and conformance Test specifications Table (HS-
RTT) . 22
Annex B (normative): Transmission power and unwanted emissions of radar systems with
indirect methods . 24
Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 25
History . 26
ETSI
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5 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This draft Harmonized European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the combined Public Enquiry and Vote
phase of the ETSI standards EN Approval Procedure.
The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to mandate M/284 issued from the European
Commission issued under Directive 98/34/EC [i.8] as amended by Directive 98/48/EC [i.10].
The title and reference to the present document are intended to be included in the publication in the Official Journal of
the European Union of titles and references of Harmonized Standard under the Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
See article 5.1 of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] for information on presumption of conformity and Harmonised Standards or
parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
The requirements relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] are summarised in annex A.
Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 18 months after doa
Introduction
The present document intends to present a harmonized way of proving compliance to the essential requirements of the
R&TTE directive for other important types of radar like Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Systems (VTS) and
possibly harbour radars.
The emission limits implemented arise from ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012) [i.4] and ERC/Recommendation
74-01 (2011) [i.5].
The test methods used arise from Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011) [i.7] and Recommendation
ITU-R SM.1541-4 (2011) [1].
NOTE: The present document is closely related to EN 303 213-6-1 [i.13] which covers essential requirements for
radars used in airport SMCGS systems, but which use largely the same type of radar technology.
The present document is part of a set of standards developed by ETSI and is designed to fit in a modular structure to
cover all radio and telecommunications terminal equipment within the scope of the R&TTE Directive [i.1]. The
modular structure is shown in EG 201 399 [i.9].
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
6 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
1 Scope
The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Systems (VTS), Coastal
Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics:
• Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for
measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency
range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100
Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.3]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.5]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to
obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment
under test.
NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.6] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz
and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band
usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.
Table 1: Radiolocation service frequency bands [GHz]
8 500-8 550
8 550-8 650
8 650-8 750
8 750-8 850
8 850-9 000
9 000-9 200
9 200-9 300
9 300-9 500
9 500-9 800
9 800-9 900
9 900-10 000
The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] (R&TTE Directive), article 3.2,
which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to
terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference".
In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements
under other parts of Article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [i.1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present
document.
NOTE: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org.
ETSI
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7 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 1999/5/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio
equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity (R&TTE Directive).
[i.2] Merrill I. Skolnik: "Radar Handbook", 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill publications.
[i.3] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 2.0, 1974): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.4] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[i.5] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[i.6] ITU Radio Regulations 2012.
[i.7] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted emissions
of radar systems".
[i.8] Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down a procedure for
the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on
information society services.
[i.9] ETSI EG 201 399: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); A guide to
the production of Harmonized Standards for application under the R&TTE Directive".
[i.10] Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending
Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of
technical standards and regulations.
[i.11] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio
spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment
characteristics".
[i.12] ETSI TR 100 028-2 (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics;
Part 2".
ETSI
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8 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
[i.13] ETSI EN 303 213-6-1: "Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS);
Part 6: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
for deployed surface movement radar sensors; Sub-part 1: X-band sensors using pulsed signals and
transmitting power up to 100 kW".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at
the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.152 [i.6] and it applies to a given class of
emission.
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.153 [i.6].
peak envelope power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one radio
frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.157 [i.6]).
pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage)
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
B 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver
res
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
D Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
no spur
k Boltzmann's constant
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
NF Noise Figure of the system
sys
PD Probability of detection
PEP Peak Envelope Power
Pfa Probability of false detection
P Pulse power of transmission
t
t Time
t Pulse duration
p
Pulse rise time
t
r
T Temperature in Kelvin
0
T Chirp length in seconds
C
λ Wavelength
ETSI
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9 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
CS Coastal Surveillance
FM-CW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
OoB Out-of-Band
R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment
SMR Surface Movement Radar
VTS Vessel Traffic Systems
SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System
RF Radio Frequency
PEP Peak Envelope Power
FM Frequency Modulation
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer.
The equipment shall comply in any of the operating modes with all the technical requirements of the present document
at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Operating frequency
4.2.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on
the pulse duration.
The operating frequency is to be understood as the frequency of the microwave emission during the transmitting pulse
and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude.
NOTE: It is only practicable to indicate an operating frequency for radars with unmodulated pulses. In this case a
limit for the frequency tolerance is specified. For radars with modulated pulses such a limit is not
applicable. In any case the occupied bandwidth is completely contained in the allocated frequency
band(s).
4.2.1.2 Limits
The limit for the frequency tolerance applying unmodulated pulses is ±30 MHz.
For all radar types covered by the present documents the occupied bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
completely within the allocated band in use (e.g. 9 200 MHz to 9 500 MHz) in all operating modes.
4.2.1.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.1 shall be carried out.
ETSI
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10 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
4.2.2 Transmitter power
4.2.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power shall be referenced with respect to the output port of the radar transmitter.
The transmitter power of a pulse radar is understood to be the peak pulse envelope (PEP see [i.6] 1.157) power during
the transmitted pulse.
If the transmitter power can be varied according to azimuth, the highest PEP value measured during a period equal to at
least one rotation period shall be used.
4.2.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall be as specified by the manufacturer with an accuracy of at least ±2 dB under normal
operating conditions. The peak power value shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW).
4.2.2.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.2 shall be carried out.
4.2.3 Out-of-band emissions
4.2.3.1 Definition
An important parameter of the Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions mask of the radar is the -40 dB bandwidth. Annex 8 of
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1] specifies the -40 dB bandwidth specified for various types of waveforms (e.g.
pulsed radar signals). With the following assumptions which apply to most airport surface movement radars these
specifications can be further simplified:
• the radar is operating in a band within the limits 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz;
• the pulse power is below 100 kW;
• the pulse rise time t is greater than 0,0094 ·t, where t is the pulse duration.
r
With the aforementioned assumptions the -40 dB bandwidth (B ) for primary non-FM pulse radars can be determined
-40
as follows:
7.6
B =
−40
t ×t
r
Where:
t is the pulse duration
t is the rise time in the case of a trapezoidal pulse
r
NOTE: For typical values of a pulse duration of t = 50 ns and a rise time of t = 10 ns the formula above yields a
r
-40 dB bandwidth value of 340 MHz.
For radars with multiple pulse waveforms, the B bandwidth should be calculated for each individual pulse type and
-40
the maximum B bandwidth obtained shall be used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
For radars with a highly asymmetrical spectrum, the B dB bandwidth can be offset from the frequency of maximum
-40
emission level, but the necessary bandwidth, B and preferably the overall occupied bandwidth should be contained
N
completely within the allocated band as stipulated in section 4 of Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1].
ETSI
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11 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
The application of this rule is illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: Application of the offset-rule for the Out-of-Band emission limit mask
For FM pulsed radars the B can be calculated as follows:
-40
0.53
B = 1.5⋅{B + π ⋅[]ln()B ⋅τ ⋅[]Min()B , B , B + Max()B , B , B }+ B
−40 C C rise fall rise& fall rise fall rise& fall S
where
1
B =
rise
τ ⋅ t
r
1
B =
fall
τ ⋅t
f
1
B =
rise& fall
3
τ ⋅ t ⋅t
f f
Where:
B is the -40dB bandwidth in Hz
-40
B is the bandwidth of the frequency deviation (total frequency shift during the pulse generation)
C
B is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency will be shifted, B equals zero for non-frequency
S S
hopping cases. It is zero in case of a single carrier frequency
τ is the pulse length including rise & fall times
t is the risetime in seconds
r
t is the falltime in seconds
f
B is the chirp bandwidth in Hz
C
B is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency is shifted
S
ETSI
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12 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
For systems with multiple carriers, the OoB domain should start at the edges of the total assigned bandwidth. This
means that the effective B is from the lower end of the calculated B of the lowest radar frequency to the high end of
-40 -40
the B for the highest radar frequency.
-40
4.2.3.2 Limits
The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth.
The maximum radiated Out-of-Band emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in table 2 and the
corresponding mask depicted in figure 2. The roll-off of the OoB-mask beyond the -40 dB bandwidth, B in relation to
-40
B is specified as follows:
-40
• The mask has a roll-off at 20 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B bandwidth to a level of -60 dBpp.
-40
The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp.
NOTE 1: This mask corresponds to the limit specification in Annex 2 of i.e. the dashed line in Figure A2.1c of
ECC/R
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014
01-april-2014
(OHNWURPDJQHWQD]GUXåOMLYRVWLQ]DGHYHY]YH]L]UDGLMVNLPVSHNWURP (50
2EDOQLQDG]RUVLVWHPL]DQDG]RUSORYEHLQSULVWDQLãNLUDGDUML &6976+5
+DUPRQL]LUDQL(1NL]DMHPDELVWYHQH]DKWHYHþOHQDGLUHNWLYH5 77(
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Coastal Survelliance,
Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR) - Harmonized EN covering
the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 303 135 Version 0.0.7
ICS:
33.060.99 Druga oprema za radijske Other equipment for
komunikacije radiocommunications
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
47.020.70 Navigacijska in krmilna Navigation and control
oprema equipment
oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014
Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Harmonized European Standard
Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Coastal Survelliance,
Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR);
Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements
of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014
2 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG26-107
Keywords
maritime, radar, regulation
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ETSI
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oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014
3 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements . 9
4.1 Environmental profile . 9
4.2 Conformance requirements . 9
4.2.1 Operating frequency . 9
4.2.1.1 Definition . 9
4.2.1.2 Limits . 9
4.2.1.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.2 Transmitter power . 10
4.2.2.1 Definition . 10
4.2.2.2 Limits . 10
4.2.2.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.3 Out-of-band emissions . 10
4.2.3.1 Definition . 10
4.2.3.2 Limits . 12
4.2.3.3 Conformance . 13
4.2.4 Spurious emissions . 13
4.2.4.1 Definition . 13
4.2.4.2 Limits . 14
4.2.4.3 Conformance . 14
4.3 Receiver requirements . 15
4.3.1 Receiver Noise Figure . 15
4.3.1.1 Limit . 15
4.3.1.2 Conformance . 15
4.3.2 Receiver Selectivity . 15
4.3.2.1 Limit . 15
4.3.2.2 Conformance . 15
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 15
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 15
5.2 Interpretation of the measurement results . 15
5.3 Test conditions, power supply and ambient temperatures . 16
5.3.1 Standard operating mode of the radar equipment . 16
5.4 Normal and extreme test conditions . 16
5.4.1 Introduction. 16
5.4.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 16
5.4.3 Normal test power supply . 17
5.5 Essential radio test suites . 17
5.5.1 Operating frequency . 17
5.5.2 Transmitter power . 17
5.5.3 Out-of-Band-emissions . 17
5.5.4 Spurious emissions . 19
5.5.5 System Noise Figure . 19
5.5.6 Receiver Selectivity . 20
ETSI
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4 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
5.5.6.1 Receiver Out-of-Band selectivity . 20
5.5.6.2 Receiver spurious response rejection . 21
Annex A (normative): HS Requirements and conformance Test specifications Table (HS-
RTT) . 22
Annex B (normative): Transmission power and unwanted emissions of radar systems with
indirect methods . 24
Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 25
History . 26
ETSI
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oSIST prEN 303 135 V0.0.7:2014
5 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This draft Harmonized European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the combined Public Enquiry and Vote
phase of the ETSI standards EN Approval Procedure.
The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to mandate M/284 issued from the European
Commission issued under Directive 98/34/EC [i.8] as amended by Directive 98/48/EC [i.10].
The title and reference to the present document are intended to be included in the publication in the Official Journal of
the European Union of titles and references of Harmonized Standard under the Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
See article 5.1 of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] for information on presumption of conformity and Harmonised Standards or
parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
The requirements relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] are summarised in annex A.
Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 18 months after doa
Introduction
The present document intends to present a harmonized way of proving compliance to the essential requirements of the
R&TTE directive for other important types of radar like Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Systems (VTS) and
possibly harbour radars.
The emission limits implemented arise from ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012) [i.4] and ERC/Recommendation
74-01 (2011) [i.5].
The test methods used arise from Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011) [i.7] and Recommendation
ITU-R SM.1541-4 (2011) [1].
NOTE: The present document is closely related to EN 303 213-6-1 [i.13] which covers essential requirements for
radars used in airport SMCGS systems, but which use largely the same type of radar technology.
The present document is part of a set of standards developed by ETSI and is designed to fit in a modular structure to
cover all radio and telecommunications terminal equipment within the scope of the R&TTE Directive [i.1]. The
modular structure is shown in EG 201 399 [i.9].
ETSI
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6 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
1 Scope
The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Systems (VTS), Coastal
Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics:
• Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for
measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency
range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100
Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.3]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in
ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.5]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to
obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment
under test.
NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.6] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz
and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band
usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.
Table 1: Radiolocation service frequency bands [GHz]
8 500-8 550
8 550-8 650
8 650-8 750
8 750-8 850
8 850-9 000
9 000-9 200
9 200-9 300
9 300-9 500
9 500-9 800
9 800-9 900
9 900-10 000
The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] (R&TTE Directive), article 3.2,
which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to
terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference".
In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements
under other parts of Article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [i.1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present
document.
NOTE: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org.
ETSI
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2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Directive 1999/5/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio
equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity (R&TTE Directive).
[i.2] Merrill I. Skolnik: "Radar Handbook", 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill publications.
[i.3] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 2.0, 1974): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for
ordinary rectangular waveguides".
[i.4] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[i.5] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[i.6] ITU Radio Regulations 2012.
[i.7] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted emissions
of radar systems".
[i.8] Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down a procedure for
the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on
information society services.
[i.9] ETSI EG 201 399: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); A guide to
the production of Harmonized Standards for application under the R&TTE Directive".
[i.10] Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending
Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of
technical standards and regulations.
[i.11] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio
spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment
characteristics".
[i.12] ETSI TR 100 028-2 (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics;
Part 2".
ETSI
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8 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
[i.13] ETSI EN 303 213-6-1: "Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS);
Part 6: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
for deployed surface movement radar sensors; Sub-part 1: X-band sensors using pulsed signals and
transmitting power up to 100 kW".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at
the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.152 [i.6] and it applies to a given class of
emission.
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
NOTE 2: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.153 [i.6].
peak envelope power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one radio
frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.157 [i.6]).
pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage)
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
B 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver
res
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
D Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
no spur
k Boltzmann's constant
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
NF Noise Figure of the system
sys
PD Probability of detection
PEP Peak Envelope Power
Pfa Probability of false detection
P Pulse power of transmission
t
t Time
t Pulse duration
p
Pulse rise time
t
r
T Temperature in Kelvin
0
T Chirp length in seconds
C
λ Wavelength
ETSI
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
CS Coastal Surveillance
FM-CW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
OoB Out-of-Band
R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment
SMR Surface Movement Radar
VTS Vessel Traffic Systems
SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System
RF Radio Frequency
PEP Peak Envelope Power
FM Frequency Modulation
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer.
The equipment shall comply in any of the operating modes with all the technical requirements of the present document
at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Operating frequency
4.2.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on
the pulse duration.
The operating frequency is to be understood as the frequency of the microwave emission during the transmitting pulse
and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude.
NOTE: It is only practicable to indicate an operating frequency for radars with unmodulated pulses. In this case a
limit for the frequency tolerance is specified. For radars with modulated pulses such a limit is not
applicable. In any case the occupied bandwidth is completely contained in the allocated frequency
band(s).
4.2.1.2 Limits
The limit for the frequency tolerance applying unmodulated pulses is ±30 MHz.
For all radar types covered by the present documents the occupied bandwidth of the signal shall be contained
completely within the allocated band in use (e.g. 9 200 MHz to 9 500 MHz) in all operating modes.
4.2.1.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.1 shall be carried out.
ETSI
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10 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
4.2.2 Transmitter power
4.2.2.1 Definition
The transmitter power shall be referenced with respect to the output port of the radar transmitter.
The transmitter power of a pulse radar is understood to be the peak pulse envelope (PEP see [i.6] 1.157) power during
the transmitted pulse.
If the transmitter power can be varied according to azimuth, the highest PEP value measured during a period equal to at
least one rotation period shall be used.
4.2.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall be as specified by the manufacturer with an accuracy of at least ±2 dB under normal
operating conditions. The peak power value shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW).
4.2.2.3 Conformance
Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.2 shall be carried out.
4.2.3 Out-of-band emissions
4.2.3.1 Definition
An important parameter of the Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions mask of the radar is the -40 dB bandwidth. Annex 8 of
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1] specifies the -40 dB bandwidth specified for various types of waveforms (e.g.
pulsed radar signals). With the following assumptions which apply to most airport surface movement radars these
specifications can be further simplified:
• the radar is operating in a band within the limits 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz;
• the pulse power is below 100 kW;
• the pulse rise time t is greater than 0,0094·t, where t is the pulse duration.
r
With the aforementioned assumptions the -40 dB bandwidth (B ) for primary non-FM pulse radars can be determined
-40
as follows:
7.6
B =
−40
t ×t
r
Where:
t is the pulse duration
t is the rise time in the case of a trapezoidal pulse
r
NOTE: For typical values of a pulse duration of t = 50 ns and a rise time of t = 10 ns the formula above yields a
r
-40 dB bandwidth value of 340 MHz.
For radars with multiple pulse waveforms, the B bandwidth should be calculated for each individual pulse type and
-40
the maximum B bandwidth obtained shall be used to establish the shape of the emission mask.
-40
For radars with a highly asymmetrical spectrum, the B dB bandwidth can be offset from the frequency of maximum
-40
emission level, but the necessary bandwidth, B and preferably the overall occupied bandwidth should be contained
N
completely within the allocated band as stipulated in section 4 of Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-4 [1].
ETSI
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11 Draft ETSI EN 303 135 V0.0.7 (2014-01)
The application of this rule is illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: Application of the offset-rule for the Out-of-Band emission limit mask
For FM pulsed radars the B can be calculated as follows:
-40
0.53
B = 1.5⋅{B + π ⋅[]ln()B ⋅τ ⋅[]Min()B , B , B + Max()B , B , B }+ B
−40 C C rise fall rise& fall rise fall rise& fall S
where
1
B =
rise
τ ⋅ t
r
1
B =
fall
τ ⋅t
f
1
B =
rise& fall
3
τ ⋅ t ⋅t
f f
Where:
B is the -40dB bandwidth in Hz
-40
B is the bandwidth of the frequency deviation (total frequency shift during the pulse generation)
C
B is the max
...
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