F08.63 - Playground Surfacing Systems

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child’s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfacing materials in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials.  
6.4 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSAZ614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 This specification also provides optional procedures to determine the critical fall height under wet or frozen test conditions, or both.  
1.7 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.8 The impact attenuation specification and test methods established in this specification are specific to the risk of head injury. There is only limited evidence that conformance with the requirements of this specification reduces the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).
Note 1: The relative risk of fatality and of different degrees of head injury may be estimated using the information in Appendix X1, which...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers test methods and performance requirements for loose-fill rubber playground-surfacing products and is intended to complement existing ASTM International standards for determining the shock attenuation and accessibility of a playground surface. The objective of this specification is to assist playground designers and specifiers, owner/operators, and playground-surfacing suppliers in evaluating loose-fill rubber products for playground use. The test methods and performance requirements cover particle size distribution, extractable hazardous metal content, total lead content, tramp metal content, and sharp tramp metal content. It does not address the accessibility of loose-fill rubber playground surfacing, or the release of organic chemicals from loose-fill rubber intended to be used as a playground surface. Included are tables that designate a sample of loose-fill rubber in the form of nuggets; a sample of loose-fill rubber in form of buffings tested; maximum allowable soluble concentration in mg/L; and analytical correction for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes test methods and performance requirements for particle size distribution, extractable hazardous metal content, total lead content, tramp metal content, and sharp tramp metal content for loose-fill rubber that is intended to be used as a playground surface.  
1.2 This specification does not contain test methods or performance requirements for the accessibility of loose-fill rubber playground surfacing. The specification also does not establish test methods or performance requirements to characterize the release of organic chemicals from loose-fill rubber intended to be used as a playground surface. Appendix X1 and Appendix X2 contain additional information on these topics.  
1.3 If loose-fill rubber which meets the requirements of this standard is to be installed in the use zone of playground equipment, it must also comply with Specification F1292.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment. Playground surfaces represented as complying with this specification shall meet all applicable requirements regarding accessibility specified herein. Wheelchair work measurement method - straight propulsion and wheelchair work measurement method – turning shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
7.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish quantitative measurements for wheelchair work that are related to the firmness and stability of a surface material or surface system used as the accessible route and clear ground space at components within a playground.  
7.2 The specification provides a uniform means of objectively quantifying the performance of different playground surfacing materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used as the accessible route through the play area, under and around playground equipment.  
1.2 The material used as the accessible route through the play area, under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F1292 or Test Method F3351, or both, if the surface is within the fall zone.  
1.3 Surface systems in compliance with this specification will not prevent all types of injuries from occurring when the surface is used.  
1.4 The SI unit of work is the joule (J), which is defined as the work expended by a force of one newton through a displacement of one meter. The dimensionally equivalent newton-meter (N*m) shall be used only if it is followed by the term “work” so it is not confused to be a torque value. (1 N*m = 0.73756215 pound-force-feet).  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard; see IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for further details.  
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers engineered wood fiber for use as a playground safety surface under and around playground equipment. This specification establishes minimum requirements for the factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, ability to drain, and heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children. This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification. The performance requirements for (1) sieve test analysis, (2) hazardous metal test (for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium), and (3) magnetic and nonmagnetic tramp metal tests are specified. The sieve test apparatus shall include balances, sieves, sieve shaker, and oven. The test apparatus for hazardous metal test shall include metal sieve, pH, membrane filter, reagents, hydrochloric acid solution, Type 3 water, centrifuge, and container. The test apparatus for magnetic tramp metal test shall be an industrial grade magnetic wand with a cylindrical neodymium iron-boron rare earth magnet at the end of the probe. A schematic diagram of the magnetic probe is provided. The sampling method, sample test preparation, test procedure, and test report for the three test methods are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.  
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F1487.  
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.  
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.  
1.5 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:  
1.5.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.  
1.5.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.  
1.5.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.  
1.5.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F1292.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard, except in 8.4.  
1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.8 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this test method is to establish impact attenuation for the installed playground surface at the time of testing.  
6.2 This test method provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces.  
6.3 This test method is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of an installed playground surface.  
6.4 This test method provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this test method and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the test method is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.  
6.5 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this test method is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.  
6.6 Performance of this test does not satisfy the requirements to certify surfaces to the specification Specification F1292.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance of a playground using a test method that simulates the impact of a child's head with the playground surfaces.  
1.2 This test method is specific to surfacing materials used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSA Z614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This test method establishes procedures for determining the impact attenuation value of playground surfaces as tested in the field and for comparison with the test performed under laboratory conditions in Specification F1292 and contract and warranty requirements. This test method does not establish the critical fall height for an installed playground surface.  
1.4 The field test required by this test method addresses the performance of playground surfaces as they are found in the field during a time when play by children 2-12 is anticipated.  
1.5 The impact attenuation test method and test methods established in this test method are specific to the risk of head injury. There is evidence that lowering impact attenuation values can reduce the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).  
1.6 This test method relates only to the impact attenuation properties of playground surfacing materials and does not address other factors that contribute to fall-related injuries. While it is believed that conformance with the requirements of this test method will reduce the risk of severe injury and death from falls, adherence to this test method will not prevent all injuries and deaths.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to determine the shock absorption properties of a playground surface at a specific impact height in order to evaluate a particular playground surfacing system using the g-max and HIC criteria as outlined in Specification F1292. This will allow the owner/operator to specify certain minimums that they desire for their playground surface in relation to their playground equipment fall height and can be confirmed in the field after installation or throughout the functional life for the surface system utilizing Test Method F3313.  
5.2 This test method is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces and the height from which they are tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers all playground surfaces to be tested in a laboratory setting at a specific drop height established by the manufacturer of the playground surface to determine shock absorption properties at the specified height above the surface and to evaluate surfaces based on their Gmax and HIC values described in Specification F1292.
Note 1: This test method is not intended to replace Specification F1292 for critical fall height (CFH) testing but to provide more information to either the manufacturer of the surface or the owner/operator purchasing the surface.
Note 2: This test method informs the owner/operator of the impact attenuating performance of the surfacing system at the specified height used in the test.  
1.2 This test method is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, and CSA Z614.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is to be used to assist the playground owner/operator, specifier, designer, etc., in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the protective surfacing in the playground. It is the intent to outline the requirements associated with design, installation, and maintenance of the surface. This is not a technical document and technical information must be found in the various standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.  
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.  
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Every elevated play structure is required to have a protective surface installed and poured-in-place surfaces are one of the many choices. These surfaces are highly technical in structure, component selection, percentages of components and installation procedures. This guide is intended to assist the playground owner/operator, specification writer, designer, and so forth in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the poured-in-place surface and set out considerations that the user of this guide should make to ensure a successful installation. This document is a guide and should not be used directly as a performance specification for poured-in-place surfacing.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information with regard to the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of poured-in-place playground surfaces.
Note 1: This document is a guide and not intended to be used as a specification; it should be used for educational purposes.  
1.2 This guide outlines the issues of compliance with existing standards, durability, and functional longevity.  
1.3 This guide reviews issues such as edge treatment, abutting surfaces, and combinations with other surfaces designed for circulation or protective surfaces.  
1.4 This guide presents maintenance considerations and general procedures that should be followed by the owner/operator.  
1.5 This guide outlines aging considerations such as loss of impact absorption, cracking, shrinkage, heaving, and how to prevent, accommodate, or rectify those issues.  
1.6 This guide presents warranty considerations.  
1.7 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system is compliant with the standards referred to in this guide.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to determine the shock absorption properties of a playground surface at a specific impact height in order to evaluate a particular playground surfacing system using the g-max and HIC criteria as outlined in Specification F1292. This will allow the owner/operator to specify certain minimums that they desire for their playground surface in relation to their playground equipment fall height and can be confirmed in the field after installation or throughout the functional life for the surface system utilizing Test Method F3313.  
5.2 This test method is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces and the height from which they are tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers all playground surfaces to be tested in a laboratory setting at a specific drop height established by the manufacturer of the playground surface to determine shock absorption properties at the specified height above the surface and to evaluate surfaces based on their Gmax and HIC values described in Specification F1292.
Note 1: This test method is not intended to replace Specification F1292 for critical fall height (CFH) testing but to provide more information to either the manufacturer of the surface or the owner/operator purchasing the surface.
Note 2: This test method informs the owner/operator of the impact attenuating performance of the surfacing system at the specified height used in the test.  
1.2 This test method is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, and CSA Z614.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this test method is to establish impact attenuation for the installed playground surface at the time of testing.  
6.2 This test method provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces.  
6.3 This test method is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of an installed playground surface.  
6.4 This test method provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this test method and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the test method is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.  
6.5 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this test method is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.  
6.6 Performance of this test does not satisfy the requirements to certify surfaces to the specification Specification F1292.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance of a playground using a test method that simulates the impact of a child's head with the playground surfaces.  
1.2 This test method is specific to surfacing materials used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSA Z614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This test method establishes procedures for determining the impact attenuation value of playground surfaces as tested in the field and for comparison with the test performed under laboratory conditions in Specification F1292 and contract and warranty requirements. This test method does not establish the critical fall height for an installed playground surface.  
1.4 The field test required by this test method addresses the performance of playground surfaces as they are found in the field during a time when play by children 2-12 is anticipated.  
1.5 The impact attenuation test method and test methods established in this test method are specific to the risk of head injury. There is evidence that lowering impact attenuation values can reduce the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).  
1.6 This test method relates only to the impact attenuation properties of playground surfacing materials and does not address other factors that contribute to fall-related injuries. While it is believed that conformance with the requirements of this test method will reduce the risk of severe injury and death from falls, adherence to this test method will not prevent all injuries and deaths.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is to be used to assist the playground owner/operator, specifier, designer, etc., in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the protective surfacing in the playground. It is the intent to outline the requirements associated with design, installation, and maintenance of the surface. This is not a technical document and technical information must be found in the various standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.  
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.  
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child’s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfacing materials in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials.  
6.4 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSAZ614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 This specification also provides optional procedures to determine the critical fall height under wet or frozen test conditions, or both.  
1.7 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.8 The impact attenuation specification and test methods established in this specification are specific to the risk of head injury. There is only limited evidence that conformance with the requirements of this specification reduces the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).
Note 1: The relative risk of fatality and of different degrees of head injury may be estimated using the information in Appendix X1, which...

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child’s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfacing materials in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials.  
6.4 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSAZ614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 This specification also provides optional procedures to determine the critical fall height under wet or frozen test conditions, or both.  
1.7 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.8 The impact attenuation specification and test methods established in this specification are specific to the risk of head injury. There is only limited evidence that conformance with the requirements of this specification reduces the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).
Note 1: The relative risk of fatality and of different degrees of head injury may be estimated using the information in Appendix X1, which...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this test method is to establish impact attenuation for the installed playground surface at the time of testing.  
6.2 This test method provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces.  
6.3 This test method is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of an installed playground surface.  
6.4 This test method provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this test method and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the test method is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.  
6.5 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this test method is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.  
6.6 Performance of this test does not satisfy the requirements to certify surfaces to the specification Specification F1292.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance of a playground using a test method that simulates the impact of a child's head with the playground surfaces.  
1.2 This test method is specific to surfacing materials used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSA Z614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This test method establishes procedures for determining the impact attenuation value of playground surfaces as tested in the field and for comparison with the test performed under laboratory conditions in Specification F1292 and contract and warranty requirements. This test method does not establish the critical fall height for an installed playground surface.  
1.4 The field test required by this test method addresses the performance of playground surfaces as they are found in the field during a time when play by children 2-12 is anticipated.  
1.5 The impact attenuation test method and test methods established in this test method are specific to the risk of head injury. There is evidence that lowering impact attenuation values can reduce the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).  
1.6 This test method relates only to the impact attenuation properties of playground surfacing materials and does not address other factors that contribute to fall-related injuries. While it is believed that conformance with the requirements of this test method will reduce the risk of severe injury and death from falls, adherence to this test method will not prevent all injuries and deaths.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child’s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfaces in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces.  
6.4 This specification provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this specification and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the specification is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.  
6.5 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, F1951, and F2075.  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.7 This specification also establishes a procedure for testing installed playground surfaces in order to determine whether an installed playground surface meets the specified performance criterion.  
1.8 The res...

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child’s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfaces in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces.  
6.4 This specification provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this specification and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the specification is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.  
6.5 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, F1951, and F2075.  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.7 This specification also establishes a procedure for testing installed playground surfaces in order to determine whether an installed playground surface meets the specified performance criterion.  
1.8 The res...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Every elevated play structure is required to have a protective surface installed and poured-in-place surfaces are one of the many choices. These surfaces are highly technical in structure, component selection, percentages of components and installation procedures. This guide is intended to assist the playground owner/operator, specification writer, designer, and so forth in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the poured-in-place surface and set out considerations that the user of this guide should make to ensure a successful installation. This document is a guide and should not be used directly as a performance specification for poured-in-place surfacing.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information with regard to the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of poured-in-place playground surfaces.
Note 1: This document is a guide and not intended to be used as a specification; it should be used for educational purposes.  
1.2 This guide outlines the issues of compliance with existing standards, durability, and functional longevity.  
1.3 This guide reviews issues such as edge treatment, abutting surfaces, and combinations with other surfaces designed for circulation or protective surfaces.  
1.4 This guide presents maintenance considerations and general procedures that should be followed by the owner/operator.  
1.5 This guide outlines aging considerations such as loss of impact absorption, cracking, shrinkage, heaving, and how to prevent, accommodate, or rectify those issues.  
1.6 This guide presents warranty considerations.  
1.7 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system is compliant with the standards referred to in this guide.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is to be used to assist the playground owner/operator, specifier, designer, etc., in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the protective surfacing in the playground. It is the intent to outline the requirements associated with design, installation, and maintenance of the surface. This is not a technical document and technical information must be found in the various standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.  
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.  
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers engineered wood fiber for use as a playground safety surface under and around playground equipment. This specification establishes minimum requirements for the factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, ability to drain, and heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children. This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification. The performance requirements for (1) sieve test analysis, (2) hazardous metal test (for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium), and (3) magnetic and nonmagnetic tramp metal tests are specified. The sieve test apparatus shall include balances, sieves, sieve shaker, and oven. The test apparatus for hazardous metal test shall include metal sieve, pH, membrane filter, reagents, hydrochloric acid solution, Type 3 water, centrifuge, and container. The test apparatus for magnetic tramp metal test shall be an industrial grade magnetic wand with a cylindrical neodymium iron-boron rare earth magnet at the end of the probe. A schematic diagram of the magnetic probe is provided. The sampling method, sample test preparation, test procedure, and test report for the three test methods are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.  
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F1487.  
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.  
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.  
1.5 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:  
1.5.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.  
1.5.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.  
1.5.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.  
1.5.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F1292.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard, except in 8.4.  
1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.8 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment. Playground surfaces represented as complying with this specification shall meet all applicable requirements regarding accessibility specified herein. Wheelchair work measurement method - straight propulsion and wheelchair work measurement method � turning shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment.  
1.2 The material under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F1292 if the surface is within the fall zone.  
1.3 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI 10.)  
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers test methods and performance requirements for loose-fill rubber playground-surfacing products and is intended to complement existing ASTM International standards for determining the shock attenuation and accessibility of a playground surface. The objective of this specification is to assist playground designers and specifiers, owner/operators, and playground-surfacing suppliers in evaluating loose-fill rubber products for playground use. The test methods and performance requirements cover particle size distribution, extractable hazardous metal content, total lead content, tramp metal content, and sharp tramp metal content. It does not address the accessibility of loose-fill rubber playground surfacing, or the release of organic chemicals from loose-fill rubber intended to be used as a playground surface. Included are tables that designate a sample of loose-fill rubber in the form of nuggets; a sample of loose-fill rubber in form of buffings tested; maximum allowable soluble concentration in mg/L; and analytical correction for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes test methods and performance requirements for particle size distribution, extractable hazardous metal content, total lead content, tramp metal content, and sharp tramp metal content for loose-fill rubber that is intended to be used as a playground surface.  
1.2 This specification does not contain test methods or performance requirements for the accessibility of loose-fill rubber playground surfacing. The specification also does not establish test methods or performance requirements to characterize the release of organic chemicals from loose-fill rubber intended to be used as a playground surface. Appendix X1 and Appendix X2 contain additional information on these topics.  
1.3 If loose-fill rubber which meets the requirements of this standard is to be installed in the use zone of playground equipment, it must also comply with Specification F1292.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child�s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfaces in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces.  
6.4 This specification provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this specification and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the specification is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.  
6.5 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, F1951, and F2075.  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.7 This specification also establishes a procedure for testing installed playground surfaces in order to determine whether an installed playground surface meets the specified performance criterion.  
1.8 The re...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Every elevated play structure is required to have a protective surface installed and poured-in-place surfaces are one of the many choices. These surfaces are highly technical in structure, component selection, percentages of components and installation procedures. This guide is intended to assist the playground owner/operator, specification writer, designer, and so forth in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the poured-in-place surface and set out considerations that the user of this guide should make to ensure a successful installation. This document is a guide and should not be used directly as a performance specification for poured-in-place surfacing.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information with regard to the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of poured-in-place playground surfaces.
Note 1—This document is a guide and not intended to be used as a specification; it should be used for educational purposes.
1.2 This guide outlines the issues of compliance with existing standards, durability, and functional longevity.
1.3 This guide reviews issues such as edge treatment, abutting surfaces, and combinations with other surfaces designed for circulation or protective surfaces.
1.4 This guide presents maintenance considerations and general procedures that should be followed by the owner/operator.
1.5 This guide outlines aging considerations such as loss of impact absorption, cracking, shrinkage, heaving, and how to prevent, accommodate, or rectify those issues.
1.6 This guide presents warranty considerations.
1.7 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system is compliant with the standards referred to in this guide.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Every elevated play structure is required to have a protective surface installed and poured-in-place surfaces are one of the many choices. These surfaces are highly technical in structure, component selection, percentages of components and installation procedures. This guide is intended to assist the playground owner/operator, specification writer, designer, and so forth in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the poured-in-place surface and set out considerations that the user of this guide should make to ensure a successful installation. This document is a guide and should not be used directly as a performance specification for poured-in-place surfacing.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information with regard to the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of poured-in-place playground surfaces.
Note 1—This document is a guide and not intended to be used as a specification; it should be used for educational purposes.
1.2 This guide outlines the issues of compliance with existing standards, durability, and functional longevity.
1.3 This guide reviews issues such as edge treatment, abutting surfaces, and combinations with other surfaces designed for circulation or protective surfaces.
1.4 This guide presents maintenance considerations and general procedures that should be followed by the owner/operator.
1.5 This guide outlines aging considerations such as loss of impact absorption, cracking, shrinkage, heaving, and how to prevent, accommodate, or rectify those issues.
1.6 This guide presents warranty considerations.
1.7 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system is compliant with the standards referred to in this guide.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is to be used to assist the playground owner/operator, specifier, designer, etc., in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the protective surfacing in the playground. It is the intent to outline the requirements associated with design, installation, and maintenance of the surface. This is not a technical document and technical information must be found in the various standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers engineered wood fiber for use as a playground safety surface under and around playground equipment. This specification establishes minimum requirements for the factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, ability to drain, and heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children. This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification. The performance requirements for (1) sieve test analysis, (2) hazardous metal test (for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium), and (3) magnetic and nonmagnetic tramp metal tests are specified. The sieve test apparatus shall include balances, sieves, sieve shaker, and oven. The test apparatus for hazardous metal test shall include metal sieve, pH, membrane filter, reagents, hydrochloric acid solution, Type 3 water, centrifuge, and container. The test apparatus for magnetic tramp metal test shall be an industrial grade magnetic wand with a cylindrical neodymium iron-boron rare earth magnet at the end of the probe. A schematic diagram of the magnetic probe is provided. The sampling method, sample test preparation, test procedure, and test report for the three test methods are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.  
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F1487.
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.  
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.  
1.5 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:
1.5.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.
1.5.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.
1.5.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.
1.5.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F1292.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard, except in 8.4.
1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.8 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Every elevated play structure is required to have a protective surface installed and poured-in-place surfaces are one of the many choices. These surfaces are highly technical in structure, component selection, percentages of components and installation procedures. This guide is intended to assist the playground owner/operator, specification writer, designer, and so forth in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the poured-in-place surface and set out considerations that the user of this guide should make to ensure a successful installation. This document is a guide and should not be used directly as a performance specification for poured-in-place surfacing.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information with regard to the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of poured-in-place playground surfaces.
Note 1—This document is a guide and not intended to be used as a specification; it should be used for educational purposes.
1.2 This guide outlines the issues of compliance with existing standards, durability, and functional longevity.
1.3 This guide reviews issues such as edge treatment, abutting surfaces, and combinations with other surfaces designed for circulation or protective surfaces.
1.4 This guide presents maintenance considerations and general procedures that should be followed by the owner/operator.
1.5 This guide outlines aging considerations such as loss of impact absorption, cracking, shrinkage, heaving, and how to prevent, accommodate, or rectify those issues.
1.6 This guide presents warranty considerations.
1.7 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system is compliant with the standards referred to in this guide.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers engineered wood fiber for use as a playground safety surface under and around playground equipment. This specification establishes minimum requirements for the factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, ability to drain, and heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children. This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification. The performance requirements for (1) sieve test analysis, (2) hazardous metal test (for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium), and (3) magnetic and nonmagnetic tramp metal tests are specified. The sieve test apparatus shall include balances, sieves, sieve shaker, and oven. The test apparatus for hazardous metal test shall include metal sieve, pH, membrane filter, reagents, hydrochloric acid solution, Type 3 water, centrifuge, and container. The test apparatus for magnetic tramp metal test shall be an industrial grade magnetic wand with a cylindrical neodymium iron-boron rare earth magnet at the end of the probe. A schematic diagram of the magnetic probe is provided. The sampling method, sample test preparation, test procedure, and test report for the three test methods are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.  
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F1487.
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.  
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.  
1.5 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:
1.5.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.
1.5.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.
1.5.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.
1.5.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F1292.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard, except in 8.4.
1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.8 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child's head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfaces in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.
This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfaces.
This specification provides a uniform means of comparing the impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces with the performance requirements of this specification and with other performance requirements expressed in terms of drop height. Consequently, the specification is appropriately used to determine the actual impact attenuation performance of installed playground surfaces under ambient conditions of use.
In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, F1951, and F2075.
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.
1.6 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.
1.7 This specification also establishes a procedure for testing installed playground surfaces in order to determine whether an installed playground surface meets the specified performance criterion.
1.8 The results of a field test determine...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is to be used to assist the playground owner/operator, specifier, designer, etc., in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the protective surfacing in the playground. It is the intent to outline the requirements associated with design, installation, and maintenance of the surface. This is not a technical document and technical information must be found in the various standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment. Playground surfaces represented as complying with this specification shall meet all applicable requirements regarding accessibility specified herein. Wheelchair work measurement method - straight propulsion and wheelchair work measurement method - turning shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment.
1.2 The material under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F 1292 if the surface is within the fall zone.
1.3 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. (See ASTM SI10.)
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment. Playground surfaces represented as complying with this specification shall meet all applicable requirements regarding accessibility specified herein. Wheelchair work measurement method - straight propulsion and wheelchair work measurement method - turning shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment.
1.2 The material under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F 1292 if the surface is within the fall zone.
1.3 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. (See ASTM SI10.)
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment. Playground surfaces represented as complying with this specification shall meet all applicable requirements regarding accessibility specified herein. Wheelchair work measurement method - straight propulsion and wheelchair work measurement method - turning shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment.
1.2 The material under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F 1292 if the surface is within the fall zone.
1.3 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. (See ASTM SI10.)
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment. Playground surfaces represented as complying with this specification shall meet all applicable requirements regarding accessibility specified herein. Wheelchair work measurement method - straight propulsion and wheelchair work measurement method - turning shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment.
1.2 The material under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F 1292 if the surface is within the fall zone.
1.3 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only (see ASTM SI10).
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Every elevated play structure is required to have a protective surface installed and poured-in-place surfaces are one of the many choices. These surfaces are highly technical in structure, component selection, percentages of components and installation procedures. This guide is intended to assist the playground owner/operator, specification writer, designer, and so forth in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the poured-in-place surface and set out considerations that the user of this guide should make to ensure a successful installation. This document is a guide and should not be used directly as a performance specification for poured-in-place surfacing.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information with regard to the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of poured-in-place playground surfaces.Note 1—This document is a guide and not intended to be used as a specification; it should be used for educational purposes.
1.2 This guide outlines the issues of compliance with existing standards, durability, and functional longevity.
1.3 This guide reviews issues such as edge treatment, abutting surfaces, and combinations with other surfaces designed for circulation or protective surfaces.
1.4 This guide presents maintenance considerations and general procedures that should be followed by the owner/operator.
1.5 This guide outlines aging considerations such as loss of impact absorption, cracking, shrinkage, heaving, and how to prevent, accommodate, or rectify those issues.
1.6 This guide presents warranty considerations.
1.7 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system is compliant with the standards referred to in this guide.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to e regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F 1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F 1487.
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:
1.6.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.
1.6.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.
1.6.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.
1.6.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F 1292.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard except in 8.5.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers engineered wood fiber for use as a playground safety surface under and around playground equipment. This specification establishes minimum requirements for the factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, ability to drain, and heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children. This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification. The performance requirements for (1) sieve test analysis, (2) hazardous metal test (for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium), and (3) magnetic and nonmagnetic tramp metal tests are specified. The sieve test apparatus shall include balances, sieves, sieve shaker, and oven. The test apparatus for hazardous metal test shall include metal sieve, pH, membrane filter, reagents, hydrochloric acid solution, Type 3 water, centrifuge, and container. The test apparatus for magnetic tramp metal test shall be an industrial grade magnetic wand with a cylindrical neodymium iron-boron rare earth magnet at the end of the probe. A schematic diagram of the magnetic probe is provided. The sampling method, sample test preparation, test procedure, and test report for the three test methods are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F 1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F 1487.
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.
1.5 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:
1.5.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.
1.5.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.
1.5.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.
1.5.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F 1292.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard except in
1.7 Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is to be used to assist the playground owner/operator, specifier, designer, etc., in determining the properties that can be considered with regard to the protective surfacing in the playground. It is the intent to outline the requirements associated with design, installation, and maintenance of the surface. This is not a technical document and technical information must be found in the various standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child's head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F 1148, F 1487, F 1918, F 1951, and F 2075.
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.
1.6 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that may influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.
1.7 This specification also establishes a procedure for testing installed playground surfaces in order to determine whether an installed playground surface meets the specified performance criterion.
1.8 The results of a field test determine conformance of installed playground surfacing materials with the criterion of this specification and are specific to the ambient conditions under which the test was performed.
1.9 The impact attenuation specification and test methods established in this specification are specific to the risk of head injury. There is only limited evidence that conformance with the requirements of this specification reduces the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).
Note 1—The relative risk of fatality and of different degrees of head injury may be estimated using the information in , which shows the relationships between the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores of an impact and the probability of head injury.
1.10 This specification relates only to the impact attenuation properties of playground surfacing materials and does not address other factors that contribute to fall-related injuries. While it is believed that conformance with the requirements of this specification will reduce the risk of serious injury and death from falls, adherence to this specification will not prevent all injuries and deaths.
1.11 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The ...

SCOPE
1.1 This guide references standards for selecting and specifying surface systems under and around playground equipment.
1.2 This guide describes how to apply existing ASTM standards to evaluate the impact attenuation, accessibility characteristics and product characteristics when selecting surfacing systems for use under and around playground equipment.
1.3 This guide does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred when the surface system complies with standards referred to in this guide.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F 1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F 1487.
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:
1.6.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.
1.6.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.
1.6.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.
1.6.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F 1292.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard except in 8.5.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine particle size, consistency, purity, and ability to drain.
1.2 Engineered wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification must comply with Specification F 1292, if the surface is in the use zone as defined in Specification F 1487.
1.3 A sample of wood fiber that meets the requirements of this specification may be designated engineered wood fiber and be suitable for playground safety surfacing.
1.4 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the engineered wood fiber complies with this specification.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, in 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 To meet the requirements of this specification, the material shall perform as follows:
1.6.1 The material shall meet particle size requirements.
1.6.2 The material shall meet the requirement for metal particles.
1.6.3 The material shall meet the allowable heavy metal concentrations considered hazardous to children.
1.6.4 The material shall meet the requirements of Specification F 1292.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions. SI units, which are provided for information, are not considered the standard except in 8.5.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum impact attenuation requirements, when tested in accordance with Test Method F 355, for surface systems to be used under and around any piece of playground equipment from which a person may fall. This specification applies to all types of material that can be used under playground equipment.
1.2 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portions only, Sections 11 and 12, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum characteristics for those factors that determine accessibility. This specification applies to all types of materials that can be used under and around playground equipment.
1.2 The material under and around playground equipment that meets this specification must also comply with Specification F1292 if the surface is within the fall zone.
1.3 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1-Specification F1951-99 replaces ASTM PS 83, Provisional Standard Specification for Determination of Accessibility of Surface Systems Under and Around Playground Equipment.