CEN/TC 442/WG 4 - Support Data Dictionaries

This document specifies requirements for data dictionaries that are used by product catalogues for building services to provide the semantics of their definitions and data modelling. For this purpose, it defines an overall model that contains:
—    subject kinds that allow to distinguish:
—    product subjects representing products in product catalogues;
—    catalogue subjects comprising meta data of product catalogues;
—    various kinds of blocks that collect properties of complex product features, including ports and in/outlets;
—    relationship types that allow to distinguish between different kinds of relationships like isSubtypeOf, hasPart, or hasBlock;
—    property kinds to distinguish between:
—    static properties describing products by providing property values in product catalogues;
—    dynamic properties that describe the behaviour of products;
—    external properties that represent external conditions that influence the behaviour of the product by influencing the values of dynamic properties.
This document also describes a mapping of the overall model to the data dictionary model of ISO 12006-3 by introducing a dictionary meta level.
Finally, to overcome deficiencies of the standards underlying ISO 16757-5 in capturing all aspects of product catalogues, this document provides some rules and recommendations for required data dictionary elements.
This document does not describe how product catalogues have to be organized, and it does not describe any formats for the exchange of product catalogues. Product catalogues are described in ISO 16757-5.

This document provides the concept of data templates developed to enable machine interpretability based on a standardized data structure, carrying the alphanumerical information for any object used in the life cycle of assets.
This document provides a description of how data templates are implemented following ISO 12006-3.
This document provides a methodology to create and maintain data templates in data dictionary.
This document provides guidance for linking between data templates and classification systems within data dictionaries based on ISO 12006-3.
This document provides an XML Schema Definition (XSD) representing an implementation of the ISO 23387 and ISO 12006-3 data models.
It is not within the scope of this document to provide the content of any data templates.

This document (part 2) provides extended standard semantic modelling patterns for (at least) the following domain-specific asset aspects:
-   support for distinction between two subtypes of physical objects: spatial regions and real ("tangible") objects; the latter being discrete or continuous ("bulk matter");
-   support for the materialization of physical objects, adding generic chemistry aspects directly relevant for the built environment dealing with materials like concrete, steel, wood and asphalt;
-   support for the interaction between objects including connections, interfaces and ports. Interactions being defined as activities where material, information, energy or forces are transferred;
-   support for the definition of unstructured, human-interpretable, requirements, coming from appointing party needs, laws and regulations or sector recommendations;
-   support for implicit groups having no explicit members (to model situations like "all main girders of some steel bridge");
-   support for the explicit modelling of measurements reusing the existing W3C SOSA ontology (as a lightweight but self-contained SSN core ontology);
-   support for spatial geometry (location/shape) reusing OGC GeoSPARQL (GML/WKT) and the WGS84_pos ontology (GPS).

This document addresses syntactic and semantic interoperability for information describing assets going through their life cycle in the built environment. It assumes the underlying technical interoperability provided already by the Internet/World Wide Web (WWW) technology-stack. The syntactic aspects relate to the Linked Data (LD)/Semantic Web (SW) formats and the SPARQL direct access method provided. The semantic aspects relate to the LD/SW-based information models in the form of thesauri and ontologies giving meaning to the information.
The following information architecture (Figure 1) applies.
This document specifies:
- a conceptual "L1: Information language" with four RDF-based language bindings being SKOS, RDFS, OWL and SHACL, including:
- a choice of 'linked data'/RDF-based formats (to be used for all modelling and language levels); and
- a generic Top Level Information Model of a total "M1: Information model", here "an upper ontology", including:
- a set of generic information modelling patterns for identification, annotation, enumeration datatypes, complex quality/quantity modelling, decomposition and grouping.
This modelling approach for information models and information sets is relevant within the built environment from multiple perspectives such as:
- Building information modelling (BIM);
- Geographical information systems (GIS);
- Systems engineering (SE);
- Monitoring & control (M&C); and
- Electronic document management (EDM).
Annex E discusses in an informative way how the information models and sets relevant for these different worlds can be linked together using LD/SW technology.
This document does not specify a full meta-'information model', sometimes referred to as a 'Knowledge Model (KM)'. EN ISO 12006-3 provides such an often used model for the built environment. In Annex D, Subclause D.3 it is shown how this existing model can be made compliant to this document. The only direct support for this meta level comes in the form of the possibility to define 'types' (enumeration types or concept types) and 'objectifications' as metaconcepts.
This document does not specify a meta-'information language' since this is already provided by the concrete RDF-based language bindings (being RDFS).
The scope of this document in general excludes the following:
- Business process modelling;
- Software implementation aspects;
- Information packaging and transportation/transaction aspects already handled by ISO TC59/SC13 Information container for linked document delivery (ICDD) ([13]) respectively various information delivery manual (IDM) / information exchange requirements (EIR)-related initiatives; and
- Domain-specific (here: 'built environment'-specific) content modelling in the form of concepts, attributes and relations at end-user level (the actual ontologies themselves) beyond a generic top level information model ('upper ontology') and modelling and linking patterns.

This document establishes the rules for defining properties used in construction and a methodology for authoring and maintaining them, for a confident and seamless digital share among stakeholders following a BIM process.
Regarding the definition of properties and groups of properties, this document provides:
—     definitions of properties and groups of properties as a list of attributes;
—     definitions of all the provided attributes.
Regarding the authoring and maintaining process, this document provides:
—     definitions and roles of applicants;
—     definitions and roles of experts and the commission of experts;
—     definitions of request's attributes;
—     definitions of expert's attributes;
—     requirements to establish the management rules to interconnect data dictionaries through the mapping process for properties and groups of properties.
To apply the methodology of this document, it is presupposed that the following are in place:
—     an established governance model for a data dictionary;
—     a framework for a network of data dictionaries.
It is not in the scope of this document to provide the content of the interconnected data dictionaries.

This document provides a methodology and process to create data templates for construction products that are covered by harmonized technical specifications (harmonized product standards (hEN) and European Assessment Documents (EAD)), under Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 - the Construction Products Regulation (CPR).

This document sets out the principles and structure for data templates for construction objects. It is developed to support digital processes using machine-readable formats using a standard data structure to exchange information about any type of construction object, e.g. product, system, assembly, space, building etc., used in the inception, brief, design, production, operation and demolition of facilities.
This document provides the specification of a taxonomy model that defines concepts from ISO 12006-3:2007, i.e. objects, collections and relationships between them, to support the information need for the specific purpose of the data template.
This document provides an EXPRESS specification with extensions of the EXPRESS-G notation and specification from ISO 12006-3:2007. These extensions have been provided to support market needs developed since the publication of ISO 12006-3 in 2007.
This document provides the rules for linking between data templates and IFC classes within a data dictionary based on ISO 12006-3:2007.
This document provides the rules for linking between data templates and classification systems within a data dictionary based on ISO 12006-3:2007.
The target audience of this document is software developers and not construction industry domain experts appointed to create data templates based on sources describing information needs.
It is not in the scope of this document to provide the content of any data templates. The data structure provided is intended to be used for developing specific data templates based on standards developed in ISO/IEC, CEN/CENELEC, national standardization organizations, or other sources describing information needs.