ASTM D2799-23

Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The volume fraction of physical components of coal is used as an aid in coal seam correlation and in the characterization of coals for their use in carbonization, gasification, liquefaction, and combustion processes.  
5.2 This test method is for use in scientific and industrial research, not compliance or referee tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms of volume fraction of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired by systematic manual point count.  
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass, kilogram).  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2023
• ICS: 73.040 - Coals
• Technical Committee: D05 - Coal and Coke
• Drafting Committee: D05.28 - Petrographic Analysis of Coal and Coke

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2799 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of
Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques
Combustion
used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
in terms of volume fraction of the organic components and of
ASTM Test Methods
mineral matter, if desired by systematic manual point count.
E562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method
Systematic Manual Point Count
because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for
3. Terminology
mass, kilogram).
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminol-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ogy D121.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
as follows:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Maceral Group Maceral
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Vitrinite —
Liptinite alginite
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
cutinite
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
resinite
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
sporinite
Inertinite fusinite
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
inertodetrinite
macrinite
2. Referenced Documents
micrinite
2 funginite
2.1 ASTM Standards:
secretinite
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
semifusinite
D388 Classification of Coals by Rank
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopi-
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making
cal Analysis by Reflected Light
industry use the following simplified classification for petro-
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the
graphic analysis of bituminous coal:
Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
Maceral Group Maceral
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal Vitrinite vitrinite
Liptinite liptinite (other than resinite)
and Coke from Coal
resinite
Inertinite semifusinite
micrinite
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal fusinite
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic mineral matter
Analysis of Coal and Coke.
Other organizations use different classifications.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D2799 – 21. DOI:
10.1520/D2799-23.
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spheri-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cal or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
somewhat irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799 − 23
3.4.1.1 Discussion—Alginite often occurs as degraded frag- processes and may contain up to several weight percent of
ments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies. inorganic elements in microscopically indistinguishable form.
3.4.10 maceral classification, n—The systematic division of
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet
the organic substances (macerals) in coal based on their
reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
appearance in the optical microscopic
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2799 − 21 D2799 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms
of volume percentfraction of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired. desired by systematic manual point count.
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both
force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass,
kilogram).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D388 Classification of Coals by Rank
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic Manual Point Count
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminology D121.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic Analysis
of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021Feb. 1, 2023. Published December 2021February 2023. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as
ε1
D2799 – 13D2799 – 21.(2021) . DOI: 10.1520/D2799-21.10.1520/D2799-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799 − 23
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is as follows:
Maceral Group Maceral
Vitrinite —
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
Liptinite alginite
cutinite
resinite
sporinite
Inertinite fusinite
inertodetrinite
macrinite
micrinite
funginite
secretinite
semifusinite
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making industry use the following simplified classification for petrographic
analysis of bituminous coal:
Maceral Group Maceral
Vitrinite vitrinite
Liptinite liptinite (other than resinite)
resinite
Inertinite semifusinite
micrinite
fusinite
mineral matter
Other organizations use different classifications.
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spherical or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and somewhat
irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
3.4.1.1 Discussion—
Alginite often occurs as degraded fragments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle, frequently
exhibiting reticulation in planar sec
...