ASTM D1765-23b
(Classification)Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers the classification of rubber-grade carbon blacks by the use of a four-character nomenclature system. The first character gives some indication of the influence of the carbon black on the rate of cure of a typical rubber compound containing the black. The second character gives information on the average surface area of the carbon black. The last two characters are assigned arbitrarily.
1.2 All rubber-grade carbon blacks for which a number is currently assigned at the time of publication of this classification system are listed in Table 1 together with some of their typical properties. ASTM classification numbers (“N” or “S” designation) not listed in Table 1 have either been withdrawn or are not currently assigned. The use of inactive or unassigned N or S designations is prohibited until such a time as the designation is officially reactivated or assigned by Subcommittee D24.41
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1765 − 23b
Standard Classification System for
1
Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1765; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This classification system covers the classification of
D1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and
rubber-grade carbon blacks by the use of a four-character
Attrition
nomenclature system. The first character gives some indication
D1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption
of the influence of the carbon black on the rate of cure of a
Number
typical rubber compound containing the black. The second
D1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour Den-
character gives information on the average surface area of the
sity
carbon black. The last two characters are assigned arbitrarily.
D1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
1.2 All rubber-grade carbon blacks for which a number is
D2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
currently assigned at the time of publication of this classifica-
Number (OAN)
tion system are listed in Table 1 together with some of their
D3053 Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
typical properties. ASTM classification numbers (“N” or “S”
D3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength
designation) not listed in Table 1 have either been withdrawn
D3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
or are not currently assigned. The use of inactive or unassigned
Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
N or S designations is prohibited until such a time as the
D6556 Test Method for Carbon Black—Total and External
designation is officially reactivated or assigned by Subcommit-
Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
tee D24.41
D7854 Test Method for Carbon Black-Void Volume at Mean
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Pressure
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3. Basis of Classification
only.
3.1 The first character in the nomenclature system for
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rubber-grade carbon blacks is a letter indicating the effect of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the carbon black on the cure rate of a typical rubber compound.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
The letter “N” is used to indicate a normal curing rate typical
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
of furnace blacks that have received no special modification to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
alter their influence on the rate of cure of rubber. The letter “S”
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
is used for channel blacks or for furnace blacks that have been
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
modified to effectively reduce the curing rate of rubber.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Channel blacks characteristically impart a slower rate of cure
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to rubber compounds. Thus, the letter “S” designates a slow
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
cure rate. Carbon blacks may vary considerably in “curing
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
rate” within each of the two letter classifications.
3.2 The second character in the system is a digit to designate
the average surface area of the carbon black as measured by
1
This classification system is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on
Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon
2
Black Nomenclature and Terminology. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2023. Published January 2024. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as D1765 – 23a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1765-23B.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1765 − 23b
TABLE 1 Carbon Black Properties
NOTE 1—The iodine adsorption number and oil absorptio
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1765 − 23a D1765 − 23b
Standard Classification System for
1
Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1765; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This classification system covers the classification of rubber-grade carbon blacks by the use of a four-character nomenclature
system. The first character gives some indication of the influence of the carbon black on the rate of cure of a typical rubber
compound containing the black. The second character gives information on the average surface area of the carbon black. The last
two characters are assigned arbitrarily.
1.2 All rubber-grade carbon blacks for which a number is currently assigned at the time of publication of this classification system
are listed in Table 1 together with some of their typical properties. ASTM classification numbers (“N” or “S” designation) not listed
in Table 1 have either been withdrawn or are not currently assigned. The use of inactive or unassigned N or S designations is
prohibited until such a time as the designation is officially reactivated or assigned by Subcommittee D24.41
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and Attrition
D1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption Number
D1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour Density
D1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
D2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number (OAN)
D3053 Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
D3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength
D3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
D6556 Test Method for Carbon Black—Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
1
This classification system is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black
Nomenclature and Terminology.
Current edition approved April 1, 2023Dec. 15, 2023. Published April 2023January 2024. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as
D1765 – 23.D1765 – 23a. DOI: 10.1520/D1765-23A.10.1520/D1765-23B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1765 − 23b
TABLE 1 Carbon Black Properties
NOTE 1—The iodine adsorption number and oil absorption number values represent target values. A target value is defined as an agreed upon value
on which producers center their production process and users center their specifications. All other properties shown are averages of consensus values
agreed upon by D24 from the typical values supplied by several one or more manufacturers. Typical properties are dependent upon the target values and
may vary from producer to producer at the same iodine adsorption and oil absorption numbers because of the differences in processing equipment.
A A
Target Values Typical Descriptive Values
Oil Absorption
No. Pour
Iodine Adsorp-
Oil Absorption NSA Multipoint STSA Tint
B Compressed Density,
tion No.,
ASTM No. D2414, D6556, D6556 Strength,
Sample, D1513,
D1510, –5 3 3 2 3 2
Classificat
...
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