ASTM D2276-06(2014)

Standard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a gravimetric measurement of the particulate matter present in a sample of aviation turbine fuel by line sampling. The objective is to minimize these contaminants to avoid filter plugging and other operational problems. Although tolerable levels of particulate contaminants have not yet been established for all points in fuel distribution systems, the total contaminant measurement is normally of most interest. The Appendix X1 color rating method is useful for fuel system monitoring purposes. No quantitative relationship exists between gravimetric and color rating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of particulate contaminant in aviation turbine fuel using a field monitor.  
1.2 There are two test methods described. The basic test method is used to evaluate the level of contamination gravimetrically. The second test method, presented in Appendix X1, describes a color rating technique that is used for rapid qualitative assessment of changes in contamination level without the time delay required for the gravimetric determinations by stringent laboratory procedures.  
1.3 There are two Annexes and two Appendixes in this test method.  
1.3.1 Annex A1 provides some precautionary information regarding the use of the required reagents.  
1.3.2 Annex A2 describes a standard practice for obtaining a sample of the particulates present in a flowing stream of aviation turbine fuel.  
1.3.3 Appendix X1 describes a test method for rating the particulate level in an aviation turbine fuel on the basis of the color of a filter membrane after sampling the fuel in the field.  
1.3.4 Appendix X2 provides some safety precautions to avoid static discharge resulting from the accumulation of electrical charges in the fuel and on the equipment while following the procedures.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2014
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.J0.05 - Fuel Cleanliness

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2276 − 06 (Reapproved 2014)
Designation: 216/97
Standard Test Method for
1
Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2276; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of particulate 2.1 ASTM Standards:
contaminant in aviation turbine fuel using a field monitor. D1193Specification for Reagent Water
D1535Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System
1.2 There are two test methods described. The basic test
D1655Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
method is used to evaluate the level of contamination gravi-
D2244Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
metrically.Thesecondtestmethod,presentedinAppendixX1,
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
describes a color rating technique that is used for rapid
Coordinates
qualitative assessment of changes in contamination level with-
D4865Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Elec-
out the time delay required for the gravimetric determinations
tricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
by stringent laboratory procedures.
D5452Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-
1.3 There are twoAnnexes and twoAppendixes in this test
tion Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
method.
D6615Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine
1.3.1 Annex A1 provides some precautionary information
Fuel
regarding the use of the required reagents.
1.3.2 Annex A2 describes a standard practice for obtaining
3. Terminology
a sample of the particulates present in a flowing stream of
3.1 Definitions:
aviation turbine fuel.
3.1.1 membrane color, n—a visual rating of particulate on a
1.3.3 Appendix X1 describes a test method for rating the
filter membrane against ASTM Color Standards.
particulate level in an aviation turbine fuel on the basis of the
3.1.2 membrane filter, n—a porous article of closely con-
color of a filter membrane after sampling the fuel in the field.
1.3.4 Appendix X2 provides some safety precautions to trolled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separate
matter in suspension.
avoid static discharge resulting from the accumulation of
3
electrical charges in the fuel and on the equipment while 3.1.2.1 Discussion—RR:D02-1012 contains information
on membrane filters that meet the requirements therein.
following the procedures.
3.1.3 monitor, n—something that reminds or warns.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.3.1 Discussion—A plastic holder for a membrane filter
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
held in a field sampling apparatus.
only.
3.1.4 particulate, adj—of or relating to minute separate
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
particles.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Solids generally composed of oxides,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
silicates, and fuel insoluble salts.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted the ASTM website.
3
by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures. Supportingdata(andalistofsupplierswhohaveprovideddataindicatingtheir
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved membranes, field monitors, and field monitor castings) have been filed at ASTM
in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D2276–06. DOI: 10.1520/ International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report
D2276-06R14. RR:D02-1012.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

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D2276 − 06 (2014)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 volatile fuels, n—relativelywideboilingrangevolatile
distillate.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—These are identified as Jet B in Speci-
fication D6615 or the mil
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2276 − 06 D2276 − 06 (Reapproved 2014) An American National Standard
Designation: 216/97
Standard Test Method for
1
Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2276; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of particulate contaminant in aviation turbine fuel using a field monitor.
1.2 There are two test methods described. The basic test method is used to evaluate the level of contamination gravimetrically.
The second test method, presented in Appendix X1, describes a color rating technique that is used for rapid qualitative assessment
of changes in contamination level without the time delay required for the gravimetric determinations by stringent laboratory
procedures.
1.3 There are two Annexes and two Appendixes in this test method.
1.3.1 Annex A1 provides some precautionary information regarding the use of the required reagents.
1.3.2 Annex A2 describes a standard practice for obtaining a sample of the particulates present in a flowing stream of aviation
turbine fuel.
1.3.3 Appendix X1 describes a test method for rating the particulate level in an aviation turbine fuel on the basis of the color
of a filter membrane after sampling the fuel in the field.
1.3.4 Appendix X2 provides some safety precautions to avoid static discharge resulting from the accumulation of electrical
charges in the fuel and on the equipment while following the procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
D6615 Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine Fuel
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 membrane color, n—a visual rating of particulate on a filter membrane against ASTM Color Standards.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006June 1, 2014. Published January 2007July 2014. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20052006 as
D2276–05.–06. DOI: 10.1520/D2276-06.10.1520/D2276-06R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2276 − 06 (2014)
3.1.2 membrane filter, n—a porous article of closely controlled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separate matter in
suspension.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
3
RR:D02-1012RR:D02-1012 contains information on membrane filters that meet the requirements therein.
3.1.3 monitor, n—something that reminds or warns.
3
Supporting data (and a list of suppliers who have provided data indicating their membranes, field monitors, and field monitor castings) have been filed at ASTM
International Headquarters and may be obtained by reque
...