ASTM D3147-06(2013)

Standard Test Method for Testing Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The screening procedures simulate the conditions of temperature, pressure, and circulation encountered in service. This test method will indicate whether a product is suitable for further evaluation in vehicles.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for use in engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred to X1.2.21 in Specification D4485 for additional information.)  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 10.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2013
• ICS: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
• Technical Committee: D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Drafting Committee: D15.09 - Simulated Service Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3147 − 06 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for Testing
Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope simulate leaks in an engine cooling system. The effectiveness
of the stop-leak material is measured by its ability to seal the
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the
leaks under the prescribed conditions of flow rate, temperature,
preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for
pressure, and time.
use in engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred
to X1.2.21 in Specification D4485 for additional information.)
4.2 The presence of particles in the test material that are
larger than 0.84 mm (0.033 in.) or the presence of gumming or
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
gelling in stop-leak additives is determined by screening a test
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
solution through a 850-µm (U.S. No. 20) standard sieve. The
only.
screening is done both before and after the circulating test.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Particles that remain on the sieve may be too large to pass
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
through some passages of the cooling system.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
statements are given in 10.1. 5.1 The screening procedures simulate the conditions of
temperature, pressure, and circulation encountered in service.
2. Referenced Documents
This test method will indicate whether a product is suitable for
2.1 ASTM Standards: further evaluation in vehicles.
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts forTesting Purposes 6. Apparatus (See Fig. 1)
6.1 Reservoir:
3. Terminology
6.1.1 The reservoir shall be constructed of stainless steel,
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
aluminum, or brass, 260 by 175 by 260-mm (10 by 7 by 10 in.)
3.1.1 leaking—frequent drops forming (more than 5 drops/
high, and the total capacity of the assembled unit shall be
min).
between12and13.5L(3.2to3.6gal).Thereservoirshallhave
3.1.2 sealed—completely plugged with no leaking or seep-
a 20-mm ( ⁄4-in.) flange at the top, to which a cover plate is
ing.
fitted.
3.1.3 seeping—occasional drops forming (fewer than 5
6.1.2 The reservoir and cover shall have a minimum thick-
drops/min).
ness of 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) in order to withstand a pressure of
140 kPa (20 psi).
4. Summary of Test Method
6.1.3 A drain shall be located either on one side or the
4.1 Aheated test solution is circulated through a pressurized
bottom of the reservoir to facilitate drainage of the test
cubical metal reservoir which contains a slit and holes to
solution. The reservoir outlet to the circulating pump (suction
side) shall be located near the bottom of Side C. The reservoir
inlet from the circulating pump (discharge side) shall be
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
located near the top of Side D.A13-mm ( ⁄2-in.) elbow shall be
D15.09 on Simulated Service Tests.
welded to the reservoir inlet opening (inner surface of Side D)
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally
so that the liquid flow is directed towards Side A.
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3147 – 06. DOI:
10.1520/D3147-06R13.
6.1.4 The cover plate of the reservoir shall be attached with
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
bolts and sealed with neoprene gasket material. Openings
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
accommodate a pressure gage (0 to 10 kPa (0 to 30 psi)
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. minimum)/vent valve assembly.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3147 − 06 (2013)
A,B,C,D—Sides of reservoir R—Regulated air, 103 kPa (15 psi)
G—Pressure gage, 0-210 kPa, (0-30 psi) vent valve T—Thermocouple foil, temperature controller, and well
H—Brass test section, holes V—Fill opening (ball valve)
S—Brass test section, slit W—Pressure relief valve, 137 kPa (20 psi)
FIG. 1 Leak Test Apparatus
1 1
6.1.5 Openings, 64 by 64 mm (2 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2 in.), centered on shall be used.The packing seal of the pump shall be capable of
Side A and Side B accommodate test plates (as described in withstanding 140 kPa (20 psi) and 104°C (220°F). Inlet and
Section 7).An inlet for regulated air at 103 6 14 kPa (15 6 2
outlet connections shall be not less than ⁄2 in. (12 mm)
psi) and a thermocouple probe are shown in Side C. standard water pipe.
6.1.6 A liquid collection pan or pans shall be placed under
6.3 Heating Element, shall be of the immersion cartridge
the reservoir in a position that will allow collection of coolant
type and shall have a power rating of approximately 1500 W.
that has leaked from test openings during operation of the
It shall be installed above the suction pipe of the circulation
apparatus. A transparent safety shield shall enclose the reser-
pump and shall be capable of heating the filled system to 88°C
voir fully.This shield will be arranged to deflect any spray into
(190°F). A temperature controller shall be used with the
the collection pans.The safety shield must be in place any time
thermocouple to control power to the heating element and
the reservoir is hot or pressurized, or both.
coolant temperature. An electrical pressure switch should also
6.2 Circulation Pump, capable of circulating a minimum of
beusedtointerruptpowertotheheater,intheeventthatexcess
30 L (8 gal) of water per minute against zero head pressure,
pressure is generated.
6.4 The reservoir should be equipped with a suitable pres-
An Eastern Industries Model P34C, manufactured by Eastern Industries
sure relief valve to prevent an over-pressure in the event of a
Division Laboratory for Electronics Inc., 1525 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE
19803, and a Grainger’s catalogue pump No. IP787 have been used successfully. problem with the regulated air source.
D3147 − 06 (2013)
6.5 Ameans of interrupting power to the heater in the event holes 0.508-mm (0.020-in.) diameter, and three holes
of excessive fluid loss or overheating is necessary. 0.762-mm(0.030-in.)diameter],boredonadiagonalacrossthe
plate so that drainage from one hole will not flow across
6.6 U.S.A. Standard Testing Sieve, per Specification
another hole.
E11–95, 850 µm in an 8 in. (203 mm) or 10 in. (254 mm) FH
frame.
NOTE 1—Alternatively, a single plate may be used with provision for
varying the slit size with a shim arrangement.
7. Test Plates (See Fig. 2)
8. Test Solutions
7.1 The test plates shall be constructed of solid brass plates,
102 by 102 by 0.20 to 0.25 mm (4 by 4 by 0.008 to 0.010 in.),
8.1 Stop Leak Material Added to Water—Add the amount of
withboltholesforattachmenttothereservoir.Neoprenegasket
stop leak material recommended by the manufacturer to
material shall be used to seal the plates. A complete set shall
distilled water. Mix the solution well before testing.
consist of fifteen plates: two plates without test holes or slits,
8.2 Stop Leak Material Added to Engine Coolant
six plates with one slit each [12.7 mm long by 0.127, 0.254,
Concentrate—Prepare a 33 ⁄3%(Note 2) solution (by volume)
0.381, 0.508, 0.635 and 0.762 mm wide, respectively (0.5 in.
of engine coolant using distilled water as the diluent. Add the
long by 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025 and 0.030 in.) (Note
amount of stop leak material recommended by the manufac-
1)], six plates with three holes each of the same size [0.127,
turer. Mix the solution well before testing.
0.254, 0.381, 0.508, 0.635 and 0.762 mm (0.005, 0.010, 0.015,
0.020, 0.025 and 0.030 in.) in diameter], and one plate with
NOTE 2—Alternatively, a 50 % (by volume) solution or other dilutions
nine holes [three holes 0.254-mm (0.010-in.) diameter, three may be used upon mutual consent of the parties involved.
A—3 holes of appropriate diameter
B—One 12.7-mm ( ⁄8-in.) slit of appropriate width
C—9 holes—3 each 0.254, 0.508, and 0.762 mm (0.010, 0.020, and 0.030
...