ASTM D4044/D4044M-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug) Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug) Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This slug test field procedure is used in conjunction with a slug test analytical procedure, such as Test Method D4104 to provide quick and relatively inexpensive estimates of transmissivity.
5.2 The slug test provides an advantage over pumping tests in that it does not require the disposal of the large quantities of water that may be produced. This is of special importance when testing a potentially contaminated aquifer. However, slug tests reflect conditions near the well, therefore are influenced by near-well conditions, such as gravel pack, poor well development, and skin effects, as a result, slug test results should be viewed as semi-quantitative in comparison to pumping test results.
5.3 Slug tests may be made in aquifer materials of lower hydraulic conductivity than generally considered suitable for hydraulic testing with pumping tests.
5.4 The method of data analysis (analytical procedure) should be known prior to the field testing to ensure that all appropriate dimensions and measurements are properly recorded. Selection of the analytical procedure can be aided by using Guide D4043, Test Method D5785, Test Method D5881, and Test Method D5912.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the field procedure for performing an in situ instantaneous change in head (slug) test.
1.2 This test method is used in conjunction with an analytical procedure such as Test Method D4104 to data analysis and to determine aquifer properties.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI Units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the field procedure for performing an in situ instantaneous change in head (slug) test.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D18 on Soil and Rock, this test method was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the las...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4044/D4044M − 15
Standard Test Method for
(Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug)
1
Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4044/D4044M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the field procedure for perform-
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
ing an in situ instantaneous change in head (slug) test.
Fluids
1.2 This test method is used in conjunction with an analyti-
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
cal procedure such as Test Method D4104 to data analysis and
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
to determine aquifer properties.
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
D4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method in
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI Units or inch-
Determining Hydraulic Properties by Well Techniques
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
D4104 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determining
values in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore
Transmissivity of Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by Over-
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
damped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head
ing values from the two systems may result in non-
(Slug Tests)
conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in
D5785 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) for Deter-
units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance
mining Transmissivity of Confined NonleakyAquifers by
with this test method.
Underdamped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
Head (Slug Test)
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
D5881 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Determining
Practice D6026.
Transmissivity of Confined Nonleaky Aquifers by Criti-
1.4.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
cally Damped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in
recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the
Head (Slug)
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
D5912 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Determining
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
Hydraulic Conductivity of an Unconfined Aquifer by
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
Overdamped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in
3
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
Head (Slug) (Withdrawn 2013)
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
Data
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
3. Terminology
of these test methods to consider significant digits used in
analysis methods for engineering data.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in this
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
standard, refer to Terminology D653.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 This test method describes the field procedures involved
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in conducting an instantaneous head (slug) test. The slug test
1 2
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Vadose Zone Investigations. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4044 – 96 (2008). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D4044_D4044M-15. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4044 − 96 (Reapproved 2008) D4044/D4044M − 15
Standard Test Method for
(Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug)
1
Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4044;D4044/D4044M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the field procedure for performing an in situ instantaneous change in head (slug) test.
1.2 This test method is used in conjunction with an analytical procedure such as Test Method D4104 to data analysis and to
determine aquifer properties.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI Units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded
as nonconformance with this test method.
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method in Determining Hydraulic Properties by Well Techniques
D4104 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Determining Transmissivity of Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by Overdamped
Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug Tests)
D4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface Liquid Levels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (Observation Well)
3
(Withdrawn 2010)
D5785 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) for Determining Transmissivity of Confined Nonleaky Aquifers by Underdamped
Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug Test)
D5881 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity of Confined Nonleaky Aquifers by Critically
Damped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug)
D5912 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Determining Hydraulic Conductivity of an Unconfined Aquifer by Overdamped
3
Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug) (Withdrawn 2013)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2008Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2008September 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20022008
as D4044 – 96 (2002).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D4044-96R08.10.1520/D4044_D4044M-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 -----
...
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