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ASTM G109-99a(2005)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments

Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.
This test method is useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.
This test method has been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by this test method and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1, 2, 3, 4).4 This test method might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2005
ICS
91.080.40 - Concrete structures
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.14 - Corrosion of Metals in Construction Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G109-99ae1 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Replaced By
ASTM G109-07 - Standard Test Method for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1582/C1582M-11(2017)e1 - Standard Specification for Admixtures to Inhibit Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete
Effective Date
01-May-2005

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ASTM G109-99a(2005) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride EnvironmentsASTM G109-99a(2005) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
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ASTM G109-99a(2005) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:G109–99a (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Effects of Chemical Admixtures on the
Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete
1
Exposed to Chloride Environments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C 876 Test Method for Half-Cell Potentials of Uncoated
Reinforcing Steel in Concrete
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
C 881/C 881M Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bond-
effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in
ing Systems for Concrete
concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials
C 1152/C 1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride
intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in
in Mortar and Concrete
concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of
D 448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and
admixtures in a chloride environment.
Bridge Construction
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D 632 Specification for Sodium Chloride
standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
information only.
ASTM Test Methods
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
G3 PracticeforConventionsApplicabletoElectrochemical
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Measurements in Corrosion Testing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
G15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion
2. Referenced Documents
Testing
2
G33 Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Cor-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
A 615/A 615M Specification for Deformed and Plain
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting
Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Corrosion
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
2.2 NACE Standards:
C 143/C 143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Ce-
3
SSPC SP 5 (NACE No. 1) White Metal Blast Cleaning
ment Concrete
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
3. Significance and Use
C 173/C 173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly
3.1 This test method provides a reliable means for predict-
Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
ing the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be
C 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete
used in concrete.
Test Specimens in the Laboratory
3.2 This test method is useful for development studies of
C 231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.
Concrete by the Pressure Method
3.3 This test method has been used elsewhere with good
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
agreement between corrosion as measured by this test method
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
4
and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1, 2, 3, 4). This
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
test method might not properly rank the performance of
different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers
1
over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on
Corrosion, Deterioration, and Degradation of Materials and is the direct responsi-
ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover
bility of Subcommittee G01.14 on Metals in Construction Materials.
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as G 109 – 99a .
e1
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldfaced numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end
the ASTM website. of this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G109–99a (2005)
over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some 5.11 EpoxySealer,forapplicationtotheconcretespecimens
inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could after m
...

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Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments

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3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.  
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Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments

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3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides information on the condition of concrete bridge decks overlaid with asphaltic concrete without necessitating removal of the overlay, or other destructive procedures.  
3.2 This test method also provides information on the condition of bridge decks without overlays and with portland cement concrete overlays.  
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1.2 Deterioration in concrete bridge decks is manifested by the corrosion of embedded reinforcement or the decomposition of concrete, or both. The most serious form of deterioration is that which is caused by corrosion of embedded reinforcement. Corrosion may be initiated by deicing salts, used for snow and ice control in the winter months, penetrating the concrete. In arid climates, the corrosion can be initiated by chloride ions contained in the mix ingredients. Deterioration may also be initiated by the intrusion of water and aggravated by subsequent freeze/thaw cycles, causing damage to the concrete and subsequent debonding of the reinforcing steel with the surrounding compromised concrete.  
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