G01.14 - Corrosion of Metals in Construction Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides controlled environments which are utilized to produce corrosion of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood exposed to the given test environments. The test method provides information that can be used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with different chemical wood treatments.  
5.2 The results shall be used for comparative purposes only and they shall not be correlated to exposure time in natural environments.  
5.3 The reproducibility of results in these types of tests is highly dependent on the type of samples tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and focuses on the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, and nonmetallic-coated smooth and deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood in exterior or high moisture exposure applications using comparative tests with control fastener specimens of standardized benchmarks. This test method may be used for preservative-treated wood.  
1.2 This test method describes the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to maintain test environments for the Cyclic Fog Test and the Steady State Moisture Test.  
1.3 This test method describes the types of test samples, lists exposure periods, and gives guidance on interpretation of results.  
1.4 Until experience is gained comparing laboratory-to-laboratory results with this test method, comparisons of fasteners, coatings, materials, or preservatives shall be made only within the results of the same test.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.  
3.2 The total integrated (coulombs) current is calculated to provide an indication of the corrosion that occurs due to the macrocell corrosion.  
3.3 These test methods are useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.  
3.4 These test methods have been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by these test methods and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1-4).4 These test methods might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. These test methods can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means for assessing corrosion-inhibiting concrete admixtures.  
4.2 This test method is useful for development of admixtures intended to reduce corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete.  
4.3 This test method is useful in determining the corrosivity of admixtures toward steel reinforcing if the admixture sample is compared to a control without admixtures.  
4.4 Good performance, a reduction in corrosion rate versus chloride alone by at least one order of magnitude in this test, is a strong indication that an admixture is a corrosion inhibitor. However, poor performance requires additional testing to determine if the admixture improves corrosion resistance.  
4.5 This test method shall not be used to predict performance in the field.  
4.6 The filtering process makes this test not suitable for the evaluation of emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures by themselves or in a chloride environment. This test is not applicable for emulsions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is suitable for in-service evaluation and for use in research and development work.  
4.2 This test method is applicable to members regardless of their size or the depth of concrete cover over the reinforcing steel. Concrete cover in excess of 75 mm (3 in.) can result in an averaging of adjacent reinforcement corrosion potentials that can result in a loss of the ability to discriminate variation in relative corrosion activity.  
4.3 This test method is not applicable to reinforced concrete structures with epoxy-coated reinforcement.  
4.4 This test method is not applicable to reinforced concrete structures in which waterproofing membranes are located between the reinforcement cage and the concrete surface as they can prevent the conduction of electricity and result in erroneous readings.  
4.5 This test method may be used at any time during the life of a concrete member after the concrete has set, although it is generally most useful for evaluating mature reinforced concrete that is suspected to be susceptible to corrosion.  
4.6 The results obtained by the use of this test method shall not be considered as a means for estimating the structural properties of the steel or of the reinforced concrete member.  
4.7 Temperature and humidity can impact potential readings. This is particularly important for periodic testing of the same test location. An increase in the temperature leads to increasing ionic mobility, which in turn affects the reference electrode’s potential. The temperature influence can be neglected if the measurements are taken within the range of 22.2 °C ± 5.5 °C (72 °F ± 10 °F). Otherwise, the temperature-dependency of the measurements must be taken into account.  
4.8 The potential measurements should be interpreted by engineers or technical specialists experienced in the fields of concrete materials and corrosion testing. It is often necessary to use other complementary data such as chloride contents, depth of carbonation, ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the electrical corrosion potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.  
1.2 This test method is limited by electrical circuitry. Concrete surface in building interiors and desert environments lose sufficient moisture so that the concrete resistivity becomes so high that special testing techniques not covered in this test method may be required (see 5.1.4.1). Concrete surfaces that are coated or treated with sealers may not provide an acceptable electrical circuit. The basic configuration of the electrical circuit is shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Reference Electrode Circuitry  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is suitable for in-service evaluation and for use in research and development work.  
4.2 This test method is applicable to members regardless of their size or the depth of concrete cover over the reinforcing steel. Concrete cover in excess of 75 mm (3 in.) can result in an averaging of adjacent reinforcement corrosion potentials that can result in a loss of the ability to discriminate variation in relative corrosion activity.  
4.3 This test method is not applicable to reinforced concrete structures with epoxy-coated reinforcement.  
4.4 This test method is not applicable to reinforced concrete structures in which waterproofing membranes are located between the reinforcement cage and the concrete surface as they can prevent the conduction of electricity and result in erroneous readings.  
4.5 This test method may be used at any time during the life of a concrete member after the concrete has set, although it is generally most useful for evaluating mature reinforced concrete that is suspected to be susceptible to corrosion.  
4.6 The results obtained by the use of this test method shall not be considered as a means for estimating the structural properties of the steel or of the reinforced concrete member.  
4.7 Temperature and humidity can impact potential readings. This is particularly important for periodic testing of the same test location. An increase in the temperature leads to increasing ionic mobility, which in turn affects the reference electrode’s potential. The temperature influence can be neglected if the measurements are taken within the range of 22.2 °C ± 5.5 °C (72 °F ± 10 °F). Otherwise, the temperature-dependency of the measurements must be taken into account.  
4.8 The potential measurements should be interpreted by engineers or technical specialists experienced in the fields of concrete materials and corrosion testing. It is often necessary to use other complementary data such as chloride contents, depth of carbonation, ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the electrical corrosion potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.  
1.2 This test method is limited by electrical circuitry. Concrete surface in building interiors and desert environments lose sufficient moisture so that the concrete resistivity becomes so high that special testing techniques not covered in this test method may be required (see 5.1.4.1). Concrete surfaces that are coated or treated with sealers may not provide an acceptable electrical circuit. The basic configuration of the electrical circuit is shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Reference Electrode Circuitry  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is suitable for in-service evaluation and for use in research and development work.  
4.2 This test method is applicable to members regardless of their size or the depth of concrete cover over the reinforcing steel. Concrete cover in excess of 3 in. (75 mm) can result in an averaging of adjacent reinforcement corrosion potentials that can result in a loss of the ability to discriminate variation in relative corrosion activity.  
4.3 This test method is not applicable to reinforced concrete structures with epoxy-coated reinforcement.  
4.4 This test method is not applicable to reinforced concrete structures in which waterproofing membranes are located between the reinforcement cage and the concrete surface as they can prevent the conduction of electricity and result in erroneous readings.  
4.5 This test method may be used at any time during the life of a concrete member after the concrete has set, although it is generally most useful for evaluating mature reinforced concrete that is suspected to be susceptible to corrosion.  
4.6 The results obtained by the use of this test method shall not be considered as a means for estimating the structural properties of the steel or of the reinforced concrete member.  
4.7 Temperature and humidity can impact potential readings. This is particularly important for periodic testing of the same test location. An increase in the temperature leads to increasing ionic mobility, which in turn affects the reference electrode’s potential. The temperature influence can be neglected if the measurements are taken within the range of 22.2 °C ± 5.5 °C (72 °F ± 10 °F). Otherwise, the temperature-dependency of the measurements must be taken into account.  
4.8 The potential measurements should be interpreted by engineers or technical specialists experienced in the fields of concrete materials and corrosion testing. It is often necessary to use other complementary data such as chloride contents, depth of carbonation, ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the electrical corrosion potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.  
1.2 This test method is limited by electrical circuitry. Concrete surface in building interiors and desert environments lose sufficient moisture so that the concrete resistivity becomes so high that special testing techniques not covered in this test method may be required (see 5.1.4.1). Concrete surfaces that are coated or treated with sealers may not provide an acceptable electrical circuit. The basic configuration of the electrical circuit is shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Reference Electrode Circuitry  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.  
3.2 The total integrated (coulombs) current is calculated to provide an indication of the corrosion that occurs due to the macrocell corrosion.  
3.3 These test methods are useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.  
3.4 These test methods have been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by these test methods and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1-4).4 These test methods might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. These test methods can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means for assessing corrosion-inhibiting concrete admixtures.  
4.2 This test method is useful for development of admixtures intended to reduce corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete.  
4.3 This test method is useful in determining the corrosivity of admixtures toward steel reinforcing if the admixture sample is compared to a control without admixtures.  
4.4 Good performance, a reduction in corrosion rate versus chloride alone by at least one order of magnitude in this test, is a strong indication that an admixture is a corrosion inhibitor. However, poor performance requires additional testing to determine if the admixture improves corrosion resistance.  
4.5 This test method shall not be used to predict performance in the field.  
4.6 The filtering process makes this test not suitable for the evaluation of emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures by themselves or in a chloride environment. This test is not applicable for emulsions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means for assessing corrosion-inhibiting concrete admixtures.  
4.2 This test method is useful for development of admixtures intended to reduce corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete.  
4.3 This test method is useful in determining the corrosivity of admixtures toward steel reinforcing if the admixture sample is compared to a control without admixtures.  
4.4 Good performance, a reduction in corrosion rate versus chloride alone by at least one order of magnitude in this test, is a strong indication that an admixture is a corrosion inhibitor. However, poor performance requires additional testing to determine if the admixture improves corrosion resistance.  
4.5 This test method shall not be used to predict performance in the field.  
4.6 The filtering process makes this test not suitable for the evaluation of emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures by themselves or in a chloride environment. This test is not applicable for emulsions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides controlled environments which are utilized to produce corrosion of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood exposed to the given test environments. The test method provides information that can be used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with different chemical wood treatments.  
5.2 The results shall be used for comparative purposes only and they shall not be correlated to exposure time in natural environments.  
5.3 The reproducibility of results in these types of tests is highly dependent on the type of samples tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and focuses on the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, and nonmetallic-coated smooth and deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood in exterior or high moisture exposure applications using comparative tests with control fastener specimens of standardized benchmarks. This test method may be used for preservative-treated wood.  
1.2 This test method describes the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to maintain test environments for the Cyclic Fog Test and the Steady State Moisture Test.  
1.3 This test method describes the types of test samples, lists exposure periods, and gives guidance on interpretation of results.  
1.4 Until experience is gained comparing laboratory-to-laboratory results with this test method, comparisons of fasteners, coatings, materials, or preservatives shall be made only within the results of the same test.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides controlled environments which are utilized to produce corrosion of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood exposed to the given test environments. The test method provides information that can be used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with different chemical wood treatments.  
5.2 The results shall be used for comparative purposes only and they shall not be correlated to exposure time in natural environments.  
5.3 The reproducibility of results in these types of tests is highly dependent on the type of samples tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and focuses on the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, and nonmetallic-coated smooth and deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood in exterior or high moisture exposure applications using comparative tests with control fastener specimens of standardized benchmarks. This test method may be used for preservative-treated wood.  
1.2 This test method describes the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to maintain test environments for the Cyclic Fog Test and the Steady State Moisture Test.  
1.3 This test method describes the types of test samples, lists exposure periods, and gives guidance on interpretation of results.  
1.4 Until experience is gained comparing laboratory-to-laboratory results with this test method, comparisons of fasteners, coatings, materials, or preservatives shall be made only within the results of the same test.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is suitable for in-service evaluation and for use in research and development work.  
4.2 This test method is applicable to members regardless of their size or the depth of concrete cover over the reinforcing steel. Concrete cover in excess of 3 in. (75 mm) can result in an averaging of adjacent reinforcement corrosion potentials that can result in a loss of the ability to discriminate variation in relative corrosion activity.  
4.3 This test method may be used at any time during the life of a concrete member.  
4.4 The results obtained by the use of this test method shall not be considered as a means for estimating the structural properties of the steel or of the reinforced concrete member.  
4.5 The potential measurements should be interpreted by engineers or technical specialists experienced in the fields of concrete materials and corrosion testing. It is often necessary to use other data such as chloride contents, depth of carbonation, delamination survey findings, rate of corrosion results, and environmental exposure conditions, in addition to corrosion potential measurements, to formulate conclusions concerning corrosion activity of embedded steel and its probable effect on the service life of a structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the electrical corrosion potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.  
1.2 This test method is limited by electrical circuitry. Concrete surface in building interiors and desert environments lose sufficient moisture so that the concrete resistivity becomes so high that special testing techniques not covered in this test method may be required (see 5.1.4.1). Concrete surfaces that are coated or treated with sealers may not provide an acceptable electrical circuit. The basic configuration of the electrical circuit is shown in Fig. 1.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.  
3.2 This test method is useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.  
3.3 This test method has been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by this test method and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1-4).5 This test method might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means for assessing corrosion-inhibiting concrete admixtures.  
4.2 This test method is useful for development of admixtures intended to reduce corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete.  
4.3 This test method is useful in determining the corrosivity of admixtures toward steel reinforcing if the admixture sample is compared to a control without admixtures.  
4.4 Good performance, a reduction in corrosion rate versus chloride alone by at least one order of magnitude in this test, is a strong indication that an admixture is a corrosion inhibitor. However, poor performance requires additional testing to determine if the admixture improves corrosion resistance.  
4.5 This test method shall not be used to predict performance in the field.  
4.6 The filtering process makes this test not suitable for the evaluation of emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures by themselves or in a chloride environment. This test is not applicable for emulsions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides controlled environments which are utilized to produce corrosion of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood exposed to the given test environments. The test method provides information that can be used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with different chemical wood treatments.
The results shall be used for comparative purposes only and they shall not be correlated to exposure time in natural environments.
The reproducibility of results in these types of tests is highly dependent on the type of samples tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and focuses on the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, and nonmetallic-coated smooth and deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood in exterior or high moisture exposure applications using comparative tests with control fastener specimens of standardized benchmarks. This test method may be used for preservative-treated wood.
1.2 This test method describes the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to maintain test environments for the Cyclic Fog Test and the Steady State Moisture Test.
1.3 This test method describes the types of test samples, lists exposure periods, and gives guidance on interpretation of results.
1.4 Until experience is gained comparing laboratory-to-laboratory results with this test method, comparisons of fasteners, coatings, materials, or preservatives shall be made only within the results of the same test.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is suitable for in-service evaluation and for use in research and development work.
This test method is applicable to members regardless of their size or the depth of concrete cover over the reinforcing steel. Concrete cover in excess of 3 in. (75 mm) can result in an averaging of adjacent reinforcement corrosion potentials that can result in a loss of the ability to discriminate variation in relative corrosion activity.
This test method may be used at any time during the life of a concrete member.
The results obtained by the use of this test method shall not be considered as a means for estimating the structural properties of the steel or of the reinforced concrete member.
The potential measurements should be interpreted by engineers or technical specialists experienced in the fields of concrete materials and corrosion testing. It is often necessary to use other data such as chloride contents, depth of carbonation, delamination survey findings, rate of corrosion results, and environmental exposure conditions, in addition to corrosion potential measurements, to formulate conclusions concerning corrosion activity of embedded steel and its probable effect on the service life of a structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the electrical corrosion potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.
1.2 This test method is limited by electrical circuitry. Concrete surface in building interiors and desert environments lose sufficient moisture so that the concrete resistivity becomes so high that special testing techniques not covered in this test method may be required (see 5.1.4.1). Concrete surfaces that are coated or treated with sealers may not provide an acceptable electrical circuit. The basic configuration of the electrical circuit is shown in Fig. 1.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
FIG. 1 Reference Electrode Circuitry

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the electrical half-cell potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.  
1.2 This test method is limited by electrical circuitry. A concrete surface that has dried to the extent that it is a dielectric and surfaces that are coated with a dielectric material will not provide an acceptable electrical circuit. The basic configuration of the electrical circuit is shown in Fig. 1.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the estimation of the electrical half-cell potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in field and laboratory concrete, for the purpose of determining the corrosion activity of the reinforcing steel.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee G01 on Corrosion of Metals, this test method was withdrawn in August 2008 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Note 1—This guide is consistent with NACE Standard RP0497.
Observations and data derived from corrosion testing are used to determine the average rate of corrosion or other types of attack, or both (see Terminology G 15), that occur during the exposure interval. The data may be used as part of an evaluation of candidate materials of construction for use in similar service or for replacement materials in existing facilities.
The data developed from in-plant tests may also be used as guide lines to the behavior of existing plant materials for the purpose of scheduling maintenance and repairs.
Corrosion rate data derived from a single exposure generally do not provide information on corrosion rate change versus time. Corrosion rates may increase, decrease, or remain constant, depending on the nature of the corrosion products and the effects of incubation time required at the onset of pitting or crevice corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for conducting corrosion tests in plant equipment or systems under operating conditions to evaluate the corrosion resistance of engineering materials. It does not cover electrochemical methods for determining corrosion rates.
1.1.1 While intended primarily for immersion tests, general guidelines provided can be applicable for exposure of test specimens in plant atmospheres, provided that placement and orientation of the test specimens is non-restrictive to air circulation.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 10.4.2.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures by themselves or in a chloride environment. This test is not applicable for emulsions.
1.2 &solely-SI-units;
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.
This test method is useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.
This test method has been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by this test method and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1, 2, 3, 4).4 This test method might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a means for assessing corrosion-inhibiting concrete admixtures.
This test method is useful for development of admixtures intended to reduce corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete.
This test method is useful in determining the corrosivity of admixtures toward steel reinforcing if the admixture sample is compared to a control without admixtures.
Good performance, a reduction in corrosion rate versus chloride alone by at least one order of magnitude in this test, is a strong indication that an admixture is a corrosion inhibitor. However, poor performance requires additional testing to determine if the admixture improves corrosion resistance.
This method is a screening test and shall not be used to predict performance in the field. However, it is useful to determine which admixtures shall be included into long-term evaluation programs.
The filtering process makes this test not suitable for the evaluation of emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures by themselves or in a chloride environment. This test is not applicable for emulsions.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for conducting corrosion tests in plant equipment or systems under operating conditions to evaluate the corrosion resistance of engineering materials. It does not cover electrochemical methods for determining corrosion rates.
1.1.1 While intended primarily for immersion tests, general guidelines provided can be applicable for exposure of test specimens in plant atmospheres, provided that placement and orientation of the test specimens is non-restrictive to air circulation.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 10.4.2.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. This test method can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Note 1: This guide is consistent with NACE Standard RP0497.  
3.1 Observations and data derived from corrosion testing are used to determine the average rate of corrosion or other types of attack, or both (see Terminology G15), that occur during the exposure interval. The data may be used as part of an evaluation of candidate materials of construction for use in similar service or for replacement materials in existing facilities.  
3.2 The data developed from in-plant tests may also be used as guide lines to the behavior of existing plant materials for the purpose of scheduling maintenance and repairs.  
3.3 Corrosion rate data derived from a single exposure generally do not provide information on corrosion rate change versus time. Corrosion rates may increase, decrease, or remain constant, depending on the nature of the corrosion products and the effects of incubation time required at the onset of pitting or crevice corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for conducting corrosion tests in plant equipment or systems under operating conditions to evaluate the corrosion resistance of engineering materials. It does not cover electrochemical methods for determining corrosion rates.  
1.1.1 While intended primarily for immersion tests, general guidelines provided can be applicable for exposure of test specimens in plant atmospheres, provided that placement and orientation of the test specimens is non-restrictive to air circulation.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 10.4.2.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide covered procedures for conducting corrosion tests in plant equipment or systems under operating conditions to evaluate the corrosion resistance of engineering materials. It did not cover electrochemical methods for determining corrosion rates.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee G01 on Corrosion of Metal, this practice was withdrawn in July 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.