ASTM D202-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
8.1 In the buyer-seller relationship it is necessary that an understanding exists as to the expected nominal characteristics of the product, and the magnitude of permissible departure from the nominal values. Also, it is necessary that an agreement be reached as to how many units of a lot can fall outside of the specification limits without rejection of the lot. It is this latter subject that is addressed by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing untreated paper to be used as an electrical insulator or as a constituent of a composite material used for electrical insulating purposes.
1.1.1 Untreated papers are thin, fibrous sheets normally laid down from a water suspension of pulped fibers (usually cellulosic) with or without various amounts of nonfibrous ingredients, and which are calendared, if required, to obtain desired thickness and density. Nevertheless, these test methods are applicable, generally although not invariably, to papers formed by other means, to papers modified (during or after formation) by additions, and to papers given subsequent mechanical treatments such as creping.
1.1.2 As an electrical insulating and dielectric material, paper is considered “untreated” until it is subjected to a manufacturing process such as drying, impregnation, or varnish treatment.
1.1.3 The test methods given herein were developed specifically for papers having a thickness of 0.75 mm (0.030 in.) or less. A number of these test methods are also suitable for use on other materials such as pulps or boards. Refer to Test Methods D3376 or D3394 to determine which tests are applicable to pulps or electrical insulating boards. In the paper industry, some products in thicknesses of less than 0.75 mm are termed “paperboard”. Such products are included within the scope of these methods.
1.1.4 These test methods are applicable to flexible fibrous-mat materials formed from suspensions of fiber in fluids other than water. Thicknesses of these mats approach 2 mm, and the fibers contained are possibly natural, synthetic, organic, or inorganic; fillers that are natural, synthetic, organic, or inorganic; and flexible polymeric binder materials.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:
Procedure
Sections
ASTM or TAPPI Reference
(Modified)
Absorption (Rise of Water)
78 to 83
. . .
Acidity-Alkalinity-pH
45 to 54
E70
Air Resistance
98 to 101
D726
Aqueous Extract Conductivity
55 to 64
. . .
Ash Content
40 to 44
D586
Bursting Strength
102 to 107
D774/D774M
Chlorides (Water-Extractable)
165 to 183
. . .
Conditioning
15
D6054
Conducting Paths
138 to 151
. . .
Density, Apparent
29 to 33
. . .
Dielectric Strength
152 to 157
D149
Dimensions of Sheet, Rolls and Cores
16 to 24
D374
Dissipation Factor and Permittivity
158 to 164
D150
Edge-Tearing Resistance
126 to 130
D827
Fiber Analysis
74 to 77
D1030
Folding Endurance
108 to 110
T 423 and D2176
Grammage
25 to 28
D646
Permittivity
158 to 164
D150
Heat Stability in Air
131 to 137
D827
Impregnation Time
84 to 91
. . .
Internal-Tearing Resistance
121 to 125
D689 or T 414
Moisture Content
34 to 39
D644 and D3277
Particulate Copper
193 to 202
. . .
Particulate Iron
184 to 192
. . .
Reagents
4
D1193
Reports
14
E29
Sampling
6 to 13
D3636
Silver Tarnishing by Paper and Paperboard
203 to 206
T 444
Solvent-Soluble Matter
65 to 73
. . .
Surface Friction
92 to 97
D528 and T 455
Tensile Properties
111 to 120
D76, E4
Thickness (see Dimensions)
16 to 24
D374
1.3 The tests for Holes and Felt Hair Inclusions and the Stain Test for Fine Pores, have been removed from this compilation of t...
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D202 − 23
Standard Test Methods for
Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D202; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
ASTM or TAPPI
Procedure Sections Reference
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and
(Modified)
Absorption (Rise of Water) 78 to 83 . . .
testing untreated paper to be used as an electrical insulator or
Acidity-Alkalinity-pH 45 to 54 E70
as a constituent of a composite material used for electrical
Air Resistance 98 to 101 D726
insulating purposes.
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 55 to 64 . . .
1.1.1 Untreated papers are thin, fibrous sheets normally laid Ash Content 40 to 44 D586
Bursting Strength 102 to 107 D774/D774M
down from a water suspension of pulped fibers (usually
Chlorides (Water-Extractable) 165 to 183 . . .
cellulosic) with or without various amounts of nonfibrous
Conditioning 15 D6054
Conducting Paths 138 to 151 . . .
ingredients, and which are calendared, if required, to obtain
Density, Apparent 29 to 33 . . .
desired thickness and density. Nevertheless, these test methods
Dielectric Strength 152 to 157 D149
are applicable, generally although not invariably, to papers
Dimensions of Sheet, Rolls and Cores 16 to 24 D374
Dissipation Factor and Permittivity 158 to 164 D150
formed by other means, to papers modified (during or after
Edge-Tearing Resistance 126 to 130 D827
formation) by additions, and to papers given subsequent
Fiber Analysis 74 to 77 D1030
mechanical treatments such as creping.
Folding Endurance 108 to 110 T 423 and D2176
Grammage 25 to 28 D646
1.1.2 As an electrical insulating and dielectric material,
Permittivity 158 to 164 D150
paper is considered “untreated” until it is subjected to a
Heat Stability in Air 131 to 137 D827
manufacturing process such as drying, impregnation, or var-
Impregnation Time 84 to 91 . . .
Internal-Tearing Resistance 121 to 125 D689 or T 414
nish treatment.
Moisture Content 34 to 39 D644 and D3277
1.1.3 The test methods given herein were developed spe-
Particulate Copper 193 to 202 . . .
cifically for papers having a thickness of 0.75 mm (0.030 in.)
Particulate Iron 184 to 192 . . .
Reagents 4 D1193
or less. A number of these test methods are also suitable for use
Reports 14 E29
on other materials such as pulps or boards. Refer to Test
Sampling 6 to 13 D3636
Methods D3376 or D3394 to determine which tests are
Silver Tarnishing by Paper and Paperboard 203 to 206 T 444
Solvent-Soluble Matter 65 to 73 . . .
applicable to pulps or electrical insulating boards. In the paper
Surface Friction 92 to 97 D528 and T 455
industry, some products in thicknesses of less than 0.75 mm are
Tensile Properties 111 to 120 D76, E4
termed “paperboard”. Such products are included within the
Thickness (see Dimensions) 16 to 24 D374
scope of these methods.
1.3 The tests for Holes and Felt Hair Inclusions and the
1.1.4 These test methods are applicable to flexible fibrous-
Stain Test for Fine Pores, have been removed from this
mat materials formed from suspensions of fiber in fluids other
compilation of test methods. These test methods were specific
than water. Thicknesses of these mats approach 2 mm, and the
to grades of capacitor paper formerly covered by Specification
fibers contained are possibly natural, synthetic, organic, or
D1930, which has been withdrawn.
inorganic; fillers that are natural, synthetic, organic, or inor-
NOTE 1—This compilation of test methods is closely related to IEC
ganic; and flexible polymeric binder materials.
Publication 60554-2. Not all of the individual methods included herein are
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:
included in IEC 60554-2, nor are all of the methods in IEC 60554-2
included in this standard. The individual procedures as described in the
1 two standards are in general sufficiently close to each other that it is
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
reasonable to expect that test results obtained by most of the procedures
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
specified in either standard will not differ significantly. However, before
Subcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.
assuming that a procedure in these test methods is exactly equivalent to an
Cur
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D202 − 17 D202 − 23
Standard Test Methods for
Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D202; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing untreated paper to be used as an electrical insulator or as a
constituent of a composite material used for electrical insulating purposes.
1.1.1 Untreated papers are thin, fibrous sheets normally laid down from a water suspension of pulped fibers (usually cellulosic)
with or without various amounts of nonfibrous ingredients, and which are calendared, if required, to obtain desired thickness and
density. Nevertheless, these test methods are applicable, generally although not invariably, to papers formed by other means, to
papers modified (during or after formation) by additions, and to papers given subsequent mechanical treatments such as creping.
1.1.2 As an electrical insulating and dielectric material, paper is considered “untreated” until it is subjected to a manufacturing
process such as drying, impregnation, or varnish treatment.
1.1.3 The test methods given herein were developed specifically for papers having a thickness of 0.75 mm (0.030 in.) or less. A
number of these test methods are also suitable for use on other materials such as pulps or boards. Refer to Test Methods D3376
or D3394 to determine which tests are applicable to pulps or electrical insulating boards. In the paper industry, some products in
thicknesses of less than 0.75 mm are termed “paperboard”. Such products are included within the scope of these methods.
1.1.4 These test methods are applicable to flexible fibrous-mat materials formed from suspensions of fiber in fluids other than
water. Thicknesses of these mats approach 2 mm, and the fibers contained are possibly natural, synthetic, organic, or inorganic;
fillers that are natural, synthetic, organic, or inorganic; and flexible polymeric binder materials.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:
ASTM or TAPPI
Procedure Sections Reference
(Modified)
Absorption (Rise of Water) 78 to 83 . . .
Acidity-Alkalinity-pH 45 to 54 E70
Air Resistance 98 to 101 D726
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 55 to 64 . . .
Ash Content 40 to 44 D586
Bursting Strength 102 to 107 D774/D774M
Chlorides (Water-Extractable) 165 to 183 . . .
Conditioning 15 D6054
Conducting Paths 138 to 151 . . .
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017May 1, 2023. Published February 2017May 2023. Originally approved in 1924. Last previous edition approved in 20082017 as
D202 – 08.D202 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D0202-17. 10.1520/D0202-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D202 − 23
Density, Apparent 29 to 33 . . .
Dielectric Strength 152 to 157 D149
Dimensions of Sheet, Rolls and Cores 16 to 24 D374
Dissipation Factor and Permittivity 158 to 164 D150
Edge-Tearing Resistance 126 to 130 D827
Fiber Analysis 74 to 77 D1030
Folding Endurance 108 to 110 T 423 and D2176
Grammage 25 to 28 D646
Permittivity 158 to 164 D150
Heat Stability in Air 131 to 137 D827
Impregnation Time 84 to 91 . . .
Internal-Tearing Resistance 121 to 125 D689 or T 414
Moisture Content 34 to 39 D644 and D3277
Particulate Copper 193 to 202 . . .
Particulate Iron 184 to 192 . . .
Reagents 4 D1193
Reports 14 E29
Sampling 6 to 13 D3636
Silver Tarnishing by Paper and Paperboard 203 to 206 T 444
Solvent-Soluble Matter 65 to 73 . . .
Surface Friction 92 to 97 D528 and T 455
Tensile Properties 111 to 120 D76, E4
Thickness (see Dimensions) 16 to 24 D374
1.3 The tests for Holes and Felt Hair Inclusions and the Stain Test for Fine Pores, have been removed from this compilation of
test methods. These test methods were specific to grades of capacitor paper formerly covered by Specification D1930, which has
...
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