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ASTM D5057-90(2006)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste

Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured volumes to weights.
The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character of the waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of this test method, materials to be measured will be classified into three groups:
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders and water reactive liquids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2006
ICS
13.030.40 - Installations and equipment for waste disposal and treatment
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management
Drafting Committee
D34.01.05 - Screening Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5057-90(2001) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
Effective Date
01-May-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D5057-10 - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Referred By
ASTM D5232-19 - Standard Practice for Determining the Stability and Miscibility of a Solid, Semi-Solid, or Liquid Waste Material
Effective Date
01-May-2006

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ASTM D5057-90(2006) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of WasteASTM D5057-90(2006) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
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ASTM D5057-90(2006) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5057 – 90 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of
Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5057; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of
Petroleum Products
this test method, materials to be measured will be classified
into three groups:
3. Terminology
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
gravity (ASG),
3.1.1 screening—a preliminary qualitative or semi-
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders and water reactive liq-
quantitative test, developed from classical qualitative and
uids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
quantitative techniques, that is designed to efficiently give the
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood,
user specific information about a waste that will aid in
etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
determining waste identification, process compatibility, and
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a prelimi-
safety in handling.
nary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative
analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific
4. Summary of Test Method
gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the
4.1 The specific gravity of a material is the ratio of the
ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk
masses of equal volumes of a waste and reagent water. The
density when the more sophisticated techniques are not avail-
apparent specific gravity of materials in Groups A and C is
able and the total waste composition is unknown.
determined by comparing the mass of a sample to the mass of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the same volume of reagent water. The bulk density of wastes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in Group B is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sample alone and should be used for determinations on water
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
reactive materials. The weights are used in determining mass.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
hazard statement, see Section 9.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the
2. Referenced Documents
2 waste management industries for the determination of apparent
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
D1192 Guide for Equipment for SamplingWater and Steam
3 5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density deter-
in Closed Conduits
mined by this test method can be used for the conversion of
measured volumes to weights.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 on
correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the
Screening Methods.
character of the waste.
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally
approvedin1990.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2001asD5057-90(2001).DOI:
6. Interferences
10.1520/D5057-90R06.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1 Excessive temperatures causing loss of sample compo-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
nents due to vaporization could result in erroneous readings.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5057 – 90 (2006)
6.2 Large, obvious void spaces interfere in this test method 11.6.2 Fill remaining space in the container with water and
and will give inaccurate results because of the false volume place the lid on the container, taking care that air bubbles are
measured. not trapped in the material or the container.
11.6.3 Weigh and
...

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4.1 This guide is suitable for sampling heterogeneous wastes.  
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1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
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5.1 This practice is intended for use in the waste management industries to collect samples of unconsolidated waste from trucks. The sampling procedures described are general and should be used in conjunction with a site-specific work plan.  
5.2 The purpose of collecting waste samples directly from a truck (rather than the waste source) is often to verify (usually with screening analyses) that the waste contained in the truck is the same or similar material from a waste source that has been previously characterized and approved for treatment or disposal, or both. Additionally, it may be a safer or logistically easier to sample the waste from a truck over the waste source.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers several methods for collecting waste samples from trucks. These methods are adapted specifically for sampling unconsolidated solid wastes in bulk loads using several types of sampling equipment.  
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5.1 These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in identifying the flammability potential or waste materials. In addition to the test methods described here, flash points specific to liquid waste can be determined according to Test Method D8174 or D8175.
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1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids:    
Sections  
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8 – 10  
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11 and 12  
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1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 6, 9.3.1, and 10.4.3.  
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Standard Practices for Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
8.1 This practice is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in determining the compatibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual practices are as follows:    
Sections  
Practice A—Commingled Waste Compatibility  
8 – 12  
Practice B—Polymerization Potential (Reaction with  
Triethylamine)  
13 – 18  
Practice C—Water Compatibility  
19 – 25  
1.2 These practices are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.  
1.3 These practices are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown, and to screen compatibility when the composition is known. (Warning—Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.)  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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