D34.01.05 - Screening Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If a sample of the contaminant fuel is available for use in calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the fuel type is known but a sample of the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the contaminant fuel concentration can be calculated using average response factors based on composition of the fuel in the soil. If the composition of the contaminant fuel is unknown, a contaminant concentration cannot be calculated, and this practice can only be used only to indicate the presence or absence of fuel contamination.  
5.2 Fuels containing aromatic compounds, such as diesel fuel and gasoline, as well as other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials, such as crude oil, coal oil, and motor oil, can be determined by this practice. The quantitation limit for diesel fuel is about 75 mg/kg. Approximate quantitation limits for other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials that can be determined by this screening practice are given in Table 1. Quantitation limits for highly aliphatic materials, such as aviation gasoline and synthetic motor oil, are much higher than those for more aromatic materials, such as coal oil and diesel fuel.  
Note 1: The quantitation limits listed in Table 1 are estimated values because in this practice, the quantitation limit can be influenced by the particular fuel type and soil background. For information on how the values given in Table 1 were determined, see Appendix X1. Data generated during the development of this screening practice and other information pertaining to this practice can be found in the referenced research reports (1, 2).3  
5.3 When applying this practice to sites contaminated by diesel fuel, care should be taken in selecting the appropriate response factor from the list given in Table 2, with consideration given to whether or not t...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is a screening procedure for assessing the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If a sample of the contaminant fuel is available, the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined. If the contaminant fuel type is known but a sample of the contaminant fuel is not available, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be made using average response factors based on composition of the fuel in the soil. If the kind of contaminant fuel is unknown, this screening method can be used to identify the presence of contamination.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Most facilities disposing or using waste materials are prohibited from handling wastes that contain radioactive materials. This practice provides the user a rapid method for screening waste material for the presence or absence of radioactivity at user-established levels that consider background radiation and the intended use of the screening method. It is important to these facilities to be able to verify generator-supplied information in regard to radiation and to meet worker health and safety needs.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the screening for α–, β–, and γ radiation above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials.  
1.2 This practice is intended to be a gross screening method for determining the presence or absence of radioactive materials in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques, but to provide a method for rapidly screening samples for radioactivity above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, for facilities prohibited from handling radioactive waste.  
1.3 This practice may or may not be suitable for applications such as site assessments and remediation activities, depending on the data quality objectives or intended use.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in identifying the flammability potential or waste materials. In addition to the test methods described here, flash points specific to liquid waste can be determined according to Test Method D8174 or D8175.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids:    
Sections  
Test Method A—Test Specimen Exposed to Heat and Flame  
8 – 10  
Test Method B—Test Specimen Exposed to Spark Source  
11 and 12  
1.2 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.3 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.4 These test methods are designed and intended as preliminary tests to complement quantitative analytical techniques that are useful to determine flammability. These test methods offer the option and the ability to screen waste for hazardous flammability potential when the analytical techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 6, 9.3.1, and 10.4.3.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
8.1 This practice is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in determining the compatibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual practices are as follows:    
Sections  
Practice A—Commingled Waste Compatibility  
8 – 12  
Practice B—Polymerization Potential (Reaction with  
Triethylamine)  
13 – 18  
Practice C—Water Compatibility  
19 – 25  
1.2 These practices are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.  
1.3 These practices are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown, and to screen compatibility when the composition is known. (Warning—Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.)  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard and warning statements, see Sections 1.3, 6.1, 10, 11.2.3, 11.5.2, 16, and 23.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for use by those in waste management industries to avoid potentially harmful reactions due to oxidizing compounds in wastes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use prior to preparation of waste samples for organic analysis. Waste samples that have oxidizing compounds may react with certain reagents in the laboratory (for example, organic solvents).  
1.2 This practice is applicable to the analysis of waste liquids, sludges, and solids.  
1.3 This practice can neither identify specific oxidizing compounds nor measure concentrations. Since no acid or base is added in this practice, potential oxidizers that require the presence of acid or base will not be detected by this practice.  
1.4 It is recommended that, prior to this test, waste samples be screened for water compatibility; see Practices D5058.  
1.5 This practice is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine the presence of oxidizers in wastes. This practice offers the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous reactions due to oxidizer content when the more sophisticated techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in describing the physical characteristics of waste.  
5.2 This practice has two uses. One is to visually screen wastes being received at the laboratory to identify discrepancies between the waste, manifest, and historical descriptions. The other use is to visually examine soil and water samples while they are being collected. This information, along with professional judgment during sample collection, can be used to increase the knowledge of the site contamination by increasing or reducing the number of samples collected based on visible indication of contamination or lack of visible indication of contamination. For example, if a soil or groundwater sample is collected “up gradient” of the area of known or suspected contamination to obtain site background concentrations, and the sample appears contaminated, the up-gradient area can be relocated during that sampling event. Visual observation could also show that the sampling parameters need to be increased or decreased. This may reduce or eliminate the need for additional sampling trips to the field.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is used to identify wastes by describing certain physical properties. It has been developed as a rapid but effective means for visually screening wastes when received in the laboratory or during collection at the sampling site.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard and warning information is given in 8.1.6.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density of waste.  
5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured volumes to weights.  
5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character of the waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in a waste sample. For the purpose of this test method, the property to be measured is classified into three groups based on material type:  
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),  
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders, and water-reactive liquids, solids, or sludges; bulk density (BD), and  
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper, or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).  
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a screening test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are intended for use by waste treatment, storage, disposal, and remedial facilities, in order to show the presence of potentially hazardous sulfide.  
5.2 Method B: Gas Detector Tube—This proposed test method was designed to measure gases migrating into an air space at a height of 10 units (for example, 10 ft) from a receiving or mixing pit of 10 units square (for example, 100 ft2). In essence, the total volume of the atmosphere is approximately 10 times the surface area of the sample and test solution.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are applicable to the screening of reactive sulfides in wastes, liquids, sludges, semisolids, and solids by using the following methods:    
Sections  
Test Method A—Lead Acetate Paper  
9 – 14  
Test Method B—Gas Detector Tube  
15 – 19  
1.2 These test methods are not applicable in determining the type and concentration of reactive sulfides.  
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine sulfide concentration. These test methods offer, to the user, the option and the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of reactive sulfide when the sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 7 and 11.3.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Most facilities disposing or utilizing waste materials are prohibited from handling wastes that contain radioactive materials. This practice provides the user a rapid method for screening waste material samples in the field or laboratory for the presence or absence of radioactivity at user-established criteria. It is important to these facilities to be able to verify generator-supplied information that radioactive or mixed wastes have not been included in shipments of waste materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the screening for α–, β–, and γ radiation above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials.  
1.2 This practice is intended to be a gross screening method for determining the presence or absence of radioactive materials in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques, but to provide a method for rapidly screening samples for radioactivity above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, for facilities prohibited from handling radioactive waste.  
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for applications such as site assessments and remediation activities.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Most facilities disposing or utilizing waste materials are prohibited from handling wastes that contain radioactive materials. This practice provides the user a rapid method for screening waste material samples in the field or laboratory for the presence or absence of radioactivity at user-established criteria. It is important to these facilities to be able to verify generator-supplied information that radioactive or mixed wastes have not been included in shipments of waste materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the screening for α–, β–, and γ radiation above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials.  
1.2 This practice is intended to be a gross screening method for determining the presence or absence of radioactive materials in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques, but to provide a method for rapidly screening samples for radioactivity above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, for facilities prohibited from handling radioactive waste.  
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for applications such as site assessments and remediation activities.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If a sample of the contaminant fuel is available for use in calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the fuel type is known but a sample of the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the contaminant fuel concentration can be calculated using average response factors based on composition of the fuel in the soil. If the composition of the contaminant fuel is unknown, a contaminant concentration cannot be calculated, and this practice can only be used only to indicate the presence or absence of fuel contamination.  
5.2 Fuels containing aromatic compounds, such as diesel fuel and gasoline, as well as other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials, such as crude oil, coal oil, and motor oil, can be determined by this practice. The quantitation limit for diesel fuel is about 75 mg/kg. Approximate quantitation limits for other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials that can be determined by this screening practice are given in Table 1. Quantitation limits for highly aliphatic materials, such as aviation gasoline and synthetic motor oil, are much higher than those for more aromatic materials, such as coal oil and diesel fuel.  
Note 1: The quantitation limits listed in Table 1 are estimated values because in this practice, the quantitation limit can be influenced by the particular fuel type and soil background. For information on how the values given in Table 1 were determined, see Appendix X1. Data generated during the development of this screening practice and other information pertaining to this practice can be found in the referenced research reports (1, 2).3  
5.3 When applying this practice to sites contaminated by diesel fuel, care should be taken in selecting the appropriate response factor from the list given in Table 2, with consideration given to whether or not t...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is a screening procedure for assessing the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If a sample of the contaminant fuel is available, the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be performed. If the contaminant fuel type is known but a sample of the contaminant fuel is not available, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be made using average response factors based on composition of the fuel in the soil. If the kind of contaminant fuel is unknown, this screening method can be used to identify the presence of contamination.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are intended for use by waste treatment, storage, disposal, and remedial facilities, in order to show the presence of potentially hazardous sulfide.
Method B: Gas Detector Tube—This proposed test method was designed to measure gases migrating into an air space at a height of 10 units (for example, 10 ft) from a receiving or mixing pit of 10 units square (for example, 100 ft2). In essence, the total volume of the atmosphere is approximately 10 times the surface area of the sample and test solution.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are applicable to the screening of reactive sulfides in wastes, liquids, sludges, semisolids, and solids by using the following methods:SectionsTest Method A-Lead Acetate PaperTest Method B-Gas Detector Tube
1.2 These test methods are not applicable in determining the type and concentration of reactive sulfides.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine sulfide concentration. These test methods offer, to the user, the option and the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of reactive sulfide when the sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 7 and 11.3.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
These test methods were applicable to the screening of reactive sulfides in wastes, liquids, sludges, semisolids, and solids by using lead acetate paper or gas detector tube.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D34 on Waste Management, these test methods were withdrawn in January 2016 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in identifying the flammability potential or waste materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids:    
Sections  
Test Method A—Test Sample Exposed to Heat and Flame  
7-9  
Test Method B—Test Sample Exposed to Spark Source  
10 and 11
1.2 These test methods should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials under actual fire conditions. However, results of these tests may be used in addition to all other factors that are pertinent to a fire hazard assessment of a particular end use.  
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as preliminary tests to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine flammability. These test methods offer the option and the ability to screen waste for hazardous flammability potential when the analytical techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific hazard information is given in Section 5, 8.3.1 and 9.4.3.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in waste management industries to avoid potentially harmful reactions due to oxidizing compounds in wastes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use prior to preparation of waste samples for organic analysis. Waste samples that have oxidizing compounds may react with certain reagents in the laboratory (for example, organic solvents).  
1.2 This test method is applicable to the analysis of waste liquids, sludges, and solids.  
1.3 This test method can neither identify specific oxidizing compounds nor measure concentrations. Since no acid or base is added in this test method, potential oxidizers that require the presence of acid or base will not be detected by this test method.  
1.4 It is recommended that, prior to this test, waste samples be screened for water compatibility; see Test Methods D5058.  
1.5 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine the presence of oxidizers in wastes. This test method offers the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous reactions due to oxidizer content when the more sophisticated techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in describing the physical characteristics of waste.  
5.2 This test method has two uses. One is to visually screen wastes being received at the laboratory to identifying discrepancies between the waste, manifest, and historical descriptions. The other use is to visually examine soil and water samples while they are being collected. This information, along with professional judgment during sample collection, can be used to increase the knowledge of the site contamination by increasing or reducing the number of samples collected based on visible indication of contamination or lack of visible indication of contamination. For example, if a soil or groundwater sample is collected “up gradient” of the area of known or suspected contamination to obtain site background concentrations, and the sample appears contaminated, the up gradient area can be relocated during that sampling event. Visual observation could also show that the sampling parameters need to be increased or decreased. This may reduce or eliminate the need for additional sampling trips to the field.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to identify wastes by describing certain physical properties. It has been developed as a rapid but effective means for visually screening wastes when received in the laboratory or during collection at the sampling site.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard and warning information is given in 9.1.6.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in determining the compatibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual practices are as follows:
  Sections Practice ACommingled Waste Compatibility 8-12  Practice BPolymerization Potential (Reaction with   Triethylamine)13-18 Practice CWater Compatibility 19-25
1.2 These practices are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These practices are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the composition is known. (WarningDelayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.)
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard and warning statements, see Sections 1.3, 6.1, 10, 11.2.3, 11.5.2, 16 and 23.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The heated diode sensor device used in this practice is selective for HVOCs. Other electronegative compounds, such as alcohols, ketones, nitrates, and sulfides, may cause a positive interference with the performance of the heated diode sensor to detect HVOCs, but to do so, they must be present at much higher concentrations than the HVOCs.
Note 2—For volatile organic compound (VOC) screening purposes, a flame ionization detector (FID) selectively responds to flammable VOCs; a photoionization detector (PID) selectively responds to VOCs having a double bond; and a heated diode sensor selectively responds to halogenated VOCs.
This practice can be used for screening media known to contain TCE to estimate the concentration of TCE in the media. Procedure A is to be used for screening soil known to contain TCE and Procedure B is to be used for screening water known to contain TCE. Both Procedures A and B involve measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the sample can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the sample is not measured by this practice. Any other HVOC present in the sample will be reported as TCE.
This practice can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil or water suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil (Procedure A) or water (Procedure B). Any HVOC contamination remaining in the sample is not detected by this practice.
Detection Limit—The detection limit of the heated diode sensor for TCE is 0.1 mg/m3 in air, based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 2. For a 25-g TCE-contaminated soil sample in a 250-mL container, the detection limit of Procedure A for TCE is 0.001 mg/Kg, assuming complete partitioning of TCE into the headspace. For a 25-g TCE-contaminated water sample in a 250-mL container, the detection limit of Procedure B for TCE is 0.001 mg/L, assuming complete partitioning of TCE into t...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for screening media known to contain the halogenated volatile organic compound (HVOC), trichloroethylene (TCE). Procedure A is to be used for screening soil known to contain TCE and Procedure B is to be used for screening water known to contain TCE.
1.1.1 Both Procedures A and B involve measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample using a heated diode sensor device. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the sample can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the sample is not measured. Any other HVOC present in the sample will be reported as TCE.
1.2 Procedure A can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil. Procedure B can also be used for screening the headspace above a water suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the water. For both procedures, any HVOC contamination remaining in the soil or water is not detected by this practice.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—Certain inch-pound units are provided for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the application of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—The diode sensor is heated to temperatures ranging between approximately 600 and 1000 ºC (see 6.1.5) and as a result could be a source of ignition.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured volumes to weights.
The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character of the waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of this test method, materials to be measured will be classified into three groups:
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders and water reactive liquids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).  
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Most facilities disposing or utilizing waste materials are prohibited from handling wastes that contain radioactive materials. This test method provides the user a rapid method for screening waste material samples in the field or laboratory for the presence or absence of radioactivity at user-established criteria. It is important to these facilities to be able to verify generator-supplied information that radioactive or mixed wastes have not been included in shipments of waste materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the screening for α–, β–, and γ radiation above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials.
1.2 This test method is intended to be a gross screening method for determining the presence or absence of radioactive materials in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques, but to provide a method for rapidly screening samples for radioactivity above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, for facilities prohibited from handling radioactive waste.
1.3 This test method may not be suitable for applications such as site assessments and remediation activities.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the contaminant fuel concentration can be calculated using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, a contaminant concentration cannot be calculated, and the test method can only be used only to indicate the presence or absence of fuel contamination.
Fuels containing aromatic compounds, such as diesel fuel and gasoline, as well as other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials, such as crude oil, coal oil, and motor oil, can be determined by this test method. The quantitation limit for diesel fuel is about 75 mg/kg. Approximate quantitation limits for other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials that can be determined by this screening test method are given in Table 1. Quantitation limits for highly aliphatic materials, such as aviation gasoline and synthetic motor oil, are much higher than those for more aromatic materials, such as coal oil and diesel fuel.
Note 1—The quantitation limits listed in Table 1 are approximate values because in this test method, the quantitation limit can be influenced by the particular fuel type and soil background levels. For information on how the values given in Table 1 were determined, see Appendix X1. Data generated during the development of this screening test method and other information pertaining to this test method can be found in the research reports. (1,2)  
When applying this test method to sites contaminated by diesel fuel, care should be taken in selecting the appropriate response factor from the list given in Table 2, with consideration given to whether or not the fuel contamination is fresh or has undergone weathering/or biodegradatio...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the contaminant fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, this screening test method can be used to identify the possible presence of contamination.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in waste management industries to avoid potentially harmful reactions due to oxidizing compounds in wastes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use prior to preparation of waste samples for organic analysis. Waste samples that have oxidizing compounds may react with certain reagents in the laboratory (for example, organic solvents).
1.2 This test method is applicable to the analysis of waste liquids, sludges, and solids.
1.3 This test method can neither identify specific oxidizing compounds nor measure concentrations. Since no acid or base is added in this test method, potential oxidizers that require the presence of acid or base will not be detected by this test method.
1.4 It is recommended that, prior to this test, waste samples be screened for water compatibility; see Test Methods D 5058.
1.5 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine the presence of oxidizers in wastes. This test method offers the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous reactions due to oxidizer content when the more sophisticated techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in describing the physical characteristics of waste.
This test method has two uses. One is to visually screen wastes being received at the laboratory to identifying discrepancies between the waste, manifest, and historical descriptions. The other use is to visually examine soil and water samples while they are being collected. This information, along with professional judgment during sample collection, can be used to increase the knowledge of the site contamination by increasing or reducing the number of samples collected based on visible indication of contamination or lack of visible indication of contamination. For example, if a soil or groundwater sample is collected “up gradient” of the area of known or suspected contamination to obtain site background concentrations, and the sample appears contaminated, the up gradient area can be relocated during that sampling event. Visual observation could also show that the sampling parameters need to be increased or decreased. This may reduce or eliminate the need for additional sampling trips to the field.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to identify wastes by describing certain physical properties. It has been developed as a rapid but effective means for visually screening wastes when received in the laboratory or during collection at the sampling site.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard and warning information is given in 8.1.6.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the contaminant fuel concentration can be calculated using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, a contaminant concentration cannot be calculated, and the test method can only be used only to indicate the presence or absence of fuel contamination.
Fuels containing aromatic compounds, such as diesel fuel and gasoline, as well as other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials, such as crude oil, coal oil, and motor oil, can be determined by this test method. The quantitation limit for diesel fuel is about 75 mg/kg. Approximate quantitation limits for other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials that can be determined by this screening test method are given in Table 1. Quantitation limits for highly aliphatic materials, such as aviation gasoline and synthetic motor oil, are much higher than those for more aromatic materials, such as coal oil and diesel fuel.
Note 1—The quantitation limits listed in Table 1 are approximate values because in this test method, the quantitation limit can be influenced by the particular fuel type and soil background levels. For information on how the values given in Table 1 were determined, see Appendix X1. Data generated during the development of this screening test method and other information pertaining to this test method can be found in the research reports. (1,2)  
When applying this test method to sites contaminated by diesel fuel, care should be taken in selecting the appropriate response factor from the list given in Table 2, with consideration given to whether or not the fuel contamination is fresh or has undergone weathering/or biodegradatio...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the contaminant fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, this screening test method can be used to identify the possible presence of contamination.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in determining the compatibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods are as follows:  SectionsTest Method A-Commingled Waste Compatibility Test Method B-Polymerization Potential (Reaction with  Triethylamine)Test Method C-Water Compatibility
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the composition is known. ( Warning-Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.)
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard and warning statements, see Sections 1.3, 6.1, 10, 11.2.3, 11.5.2, 16 and 23.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in identifying the flammability potential or waste materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids:SectionsTest Method A-Test Sample Exposed to Heat and FlameTest Method B-Test Sample Exposed to Spark Source
1.2 These test methods should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials under actual fire conditions. However, results of these tests may be used in addition to all other factors that are pertinent to a fire hazard assessment of a particular end use.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as preliminary tests to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine flammability. These test methods offer the option and the ability to screen waste for hazardous flammability potential when the analytical techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific hazard information is given in Section 5, 8.3.1 and 9.4.3.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes procedures for screening media known to contain the halogenated volatile organic compound (HVOC), trichloroethylene (TCE). Procedure A is to be used for screening soil known to contain TCE and Procedure B is to be used for screening water known to contain TCE.
1.1.1 Both Procedures A and B involve measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample using a heated diode sensor device. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the sample can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the sample is not measured. Any other HVOC present in the sample will be reported as TCE.
1.2 Procedure A can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil. Procedure B can also be used for screening the headspace above a water suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the water. For both procedures, any HVOC contamination remaining in the soil or water is not detected by this test method.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the application of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1
The diode sensor is heated to temperatures ranging between approximately 600 and 1000 C (see ) and as a result could be a source of ignition.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes procedures for screening media known to contain the halogenated volatile organic compound (HVOC), trichloroethylene (TCE). Procedure A is to be used for screening soil known to contain TCE and Procedure B is to be used for screening water known to contain TCE.
1.1.1 Both Procedures A and B involve measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample using a heated diode sensor device. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the sample can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the sample is not measured. Any other HVOC present in the sample will be reported as TCE.
1.2 Procedure A can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil. Procedure B can also be used for screening the headspace above a water suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the water. For both procedures, any HVOC contamination remaining in the soil or water is not detected by this test method.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the application of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1
The diode sensor is heated to temperatures ranging between approximately 600 and 1000 C (see ) and as a result could be a source of ignition.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured volumes to weights.
The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character of the waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of this test method, materials to be measured will be classified into three groups:
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders and water reactive liquids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for screening soil known to contain the halogenated volatile organic compound (HVOC), trichloroethylene (TCE), by measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample of the soil using a heated diode sensor device. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the soil can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the soil sample is not measured by this test method. Any other HVOC present in the soil will be reported as TCE.
1.2 This test method can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil. Any HVOC contamination remaining in the soil is not detected by this test method.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the application of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1
The diode sensor is heated to temperatures ranging between approximately 600 and 1000 C (see ) and as a result could be a source of ignition.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the contaminant fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, the screening test method can be used to identify the possible presence of contamination.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Most facilities disposing or utilizing waste materials are prohibited from handling wastes that contain radioactive materials. This test method provides the user a rapid method for screening waste material samples in the field or laboratory for the presence or absence of radioactivity at userestablished criteria. It is important to these facilities to be able to verify generator-supplied information that radioactive or mixed wastes have not been included in shipments of waste materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the screening for , , and radiation above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials.
1.2 This test method is intended to be a gross screening method for determining the presence or absence of radioactive materials in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques, but to provide a method for rapidly screening samples for radioactivity above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, for facilities prohibited from handling radioactive waste.
1.3 This test method may not be suitable for applications such as site assessments and remediation activities.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in waste management industries to avoid potentially harmful reactions due to oxidizing compounds in wastes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use prior to preparation of waste samples for organic analysis. Waste samples that have oxidizing compounds may react with certain reagents in the laboratory (for example, organic solvents).
1.2 This test method is applicable to the analysis of waste liquids, sludges, and solids.
1.3 This test method can neither identify specific oxidizing compounds nor measure concentrations. Since no acid or base is added in this test method, potential oxidizers that require the presence of acid or base will not be detected by this test method.
1.4 It is recommended that, prior to this test, waste samples be screened for water compatibility; see Test Methods D 5058.
1.5 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine the presence of oxidizers in wastes. This test method offers the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous reactions due to oxidizer content when the more sophisticated techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statement is given in Section and 8 and 11.2.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the contaminant fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, the screening test method can be used to identify the possible presence of contamination.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the contaminant fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, the screening test method can be used to identify the possible presence of contamination.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are applicable to the screening of reactive sulfides in wastes, liquids, sludges, semisolids, and solids by using the following methods:SectionsTest Method A--Lead Acetate Paper9-14 Test Method B--Gas Detector Tube15-19
1.2 These test methods are not applicable in determining the type and concentration of reactive sulfides.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine sulfide concentration. These test methods offer, to the user, the option and the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of reactive sulfide when the sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 7 and 11.3.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods are as follows:  SectionsTest Method A-Commingled Waste Compatibility8-12 Test Method B-Polymerization Potential (Reaction with  Triethylamine)13-18Test Method C-Water Compatibility19-25
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the composition is known.
Note 1--Warning: Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 10, 15, and 23 and Notes 1 and 2.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determining the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds in soils. If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration, the approximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can be calculated. If the contaminant fuel type is known, but the contaminant fuel is not available for calibration, an estimate of the concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined using average response factors. If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown, the screening test method can be used to identify the possible presence of contamination.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids: SectionsTest Method A--Test Sample Exposed to Heat and Flame7-9Test Method B--Test Sample Exposed to Spark Source10 and 11
1.2 These test methods should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials under actual fire conditions. However, results of these tests may be used in addition to all other factors that are pertinent to a fire hazard assessment of a particular end use.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as preliminary tests to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine flammability. These test methods offer the option and the ability to screen waste for hazardous flammability potential when the analytical techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific hazard information is given in Section 5 and Note 2.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are applicable to the screening of reactive sulfides in wastes, liquids, sludges, semisolids, and solids by using the following methods:SectionsTest Method A--Lead Acetate Paper9-14 Test Method B--Gas Detector Tube15-19
1.2 These test methods are not applicable in determining the type and concentration of reactive sulfides.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine sulfide concentration. These test methods offer, to the user, the option and the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of reactive sulfide when the sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 7 and 11.3.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to indicate the fire-producing or fire-sustaining potential of wastes. The following test methods can be applied to waste liquids, sludges, or solids: SectionsTest Method A--Test Sample Exposed to Heat and Flame7-9Test Method B--Test Sample Exposed to Spark Source10 and 11
1.2 These test methods should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials under actual fire conditions. However, results of these tests may be used in addition to all other factors that are pertinent to a fire hazard assessment of a particular end use.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as preliminary tests to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine flammability. These test methods offer the option and the ability to screen waste for hazardous flammability potential when the analytical techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific hazard information is given in Section 5 and Note 2.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods are as follows:  SectionsTest Method A-Commingled Waste Compatibility8-12 Test Method B-Polymerization Potential (Reaction with  Triethylamine)13-18Test Method C-Water Compatibility19-25
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the composition is known.
Note 1--Warning: Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 10, 15, and 23 and Notes 1 and 2.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of this test method, materials to be measured will be classified into three groups:
1.1.1 Group A --Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B--Granules, powders and water reactive liquids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C--Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of this test method, materials to be measured will be classified into three groups:
1.1.1 Group A --Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B--Granules, powders and water reactive liquids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C--Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the screening for a, b and y (Greek) radiation above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both, in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials.  
1.2 this test method is intended to be a gross screening method for determining the presence or absence of radioactive materials in liquid, sludge, or solid waste materials. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques, but to provide a method for rapidly screening samples for radioactivity above ambient background levels or user-defined criteria, or both for facilities prohibited from handling radioactive waste.  
1.3 This test method may not be suitable for applications such as site assessments and remediation activities.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in describing the physical characteristics of waste.
This test method can be used in identifying discrepancies between the waste, manifest, and historical descriptions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to identify wastes by describing certain physical properties. It has been developed as a rapid but effective means for visually screening wastes.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard and warning information is given in Section 7 and 9.1.6.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to identify wastes by describing certain physical properties. It has been developed as a rapid but effective means for visually screening wastes.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 7 and 9.1.6.1.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use prior to preparation of waste samples for organic analysis. Waste samples that have oxidizing compounds may react with certain reagents in the laboratory (for example, organic solvents).
1.2 This test method is applicable to the analysis of waste liquids, sludges, and solids.
1.3 This test method can neither identify specific oxidizing compounds nor measure concentrations. Since no acid or base is added in this test method, potential oxidizers that require the presence of acid or base will not be detected by this test method.
1.4 It is recommended that, prior to this test, waste samples be screened for water compatibility; see Test Methods D5058.
1.5 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine the presence of oxidizers in wastes. This test method offers the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous reactions due to oxidizer content when the more sophisticated techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statement is given in Section 8 and 11.2.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to determine the pH of a hazardous waste liquid, sludge, semisolid and solid.  Sections Test Method A---pH Screening by pH Paper 9 to 14 Test Method B---pH Screening by Electrometric 15 to 22 Measurement
1.2 Test Method A uses a wide-range pH paper for a rapid indication of pH to within about 1 pH unit.
1.3 Test Method B uses a pH meter to measure within about 0.1 pH unit.
1.4 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine pH. These test methods offer, to the user, the option and the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of acidity and alkalinity when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 6.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The heated diode sensor device used in this practice is selective for HVOCs. Other electronegative compounds, such as alcohols, ketones, nitrates, and sulfides, may cause a positive interference with the performance of the heated diode sensor to detect HVOCs, but to do so, they must be present at much higher concentrations than the HVOCs.
Note 2: For volatile organic compound (VOC) screening purposes, a flame ionization detector (FID) selectively responds to flammable VOCs; a photoionization detector (PID) selectively responds to VOCs having a double bond; and a heated diode sensor selectively responds to halogenated VOCs.  
5.2 This practice can be used for screening media known to contain TCE to estimate the concentration of TCE in the media. Procedure A is to be used for screening soil known to contain TCE and Procedure B is to be used for screening water known to contain TCE. Both Procedures A and B involve measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the sample can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the sample is not measured by this practice. Any other HVOC present in the sample will be reported as TCE.  
5.3 This practice can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil or water suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil (Procedure A) or water (Procedure B). Any HVOC contamination remaining in the sample is not detected by this practice.  
5.4 Detection Limit—The detection limit of the heated diode sensor for TCE is 0.1 mg/m3 in air, based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 2. For a 25-g TCE-contaminated soil sample in a 250-mL container, the detection limit of Procedure A for TCE is 0.001 mg/Kg, assuming complete partitioning of TCE into the headspace. For a 25-g TCE-contaminated water sample in a 250-mL container, the detection limit of Procedure B for TCE is 0.001 mg/L, assuming complete partiti...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for screening media known to contain the halogenated volatile organic compound (HVOC), trichloroethylene (TCE). Procedure A is to be used for screening soil known to contain TCE and Procedure B is to be used for screening water known to contain TCE.  
1.1.1 Both Procedures A and B involve measuring the TCE concentration in the headspace above a sample using a heated diode sensor device. From this measurement, an estimated concentration of TCE in the sample can be determined. Any TCE remaining in the sample is not measured. Any other HVOC present in the sample will be reported as TCE.  
1.2 Procedure A can also be used for screening the headspace above a soil suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the soil. Procedure B can also be used for screening the headspace above a water suspected of containing HVOC contamination to indicate the presence or absence of HVOC contamination in the water. For both procedures, any HVOC contamination remaining in the soil or water is not detected by this practice.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—Certain inch-pound units are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: The diode sensor is heated to temperatures ranging between approximately 600 and 1000 °C (see 6.1.5) and as a result could be a source of ignition.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to characterize waste streams by pH. These methods will identify those waste materials that may dictate a specific waste management procedure due to high acidity or alkalinity.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are used to determine the pH of a hazardous waste liquid, sludge, semisolid and solid.SectionsTest Method A-pH Screening by pH Paper9-14Test Method B-pH Screening by Electrometric Measurement15-22
1.2 Test Method A uses a wide-range pH paper for a rapid indication of pH to within about 1 pH unit.
1.3 Test Method B uses a pH meter to measure within about 0.1 pH unit.
1.4 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine pH. These test methods offer, to the user, the option and the ability to screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of acidity and alkalinity when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 6.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
These test methods are used to determine the pH of a hazardous waste liquid, sludge, semisolid and solid.
These test methods are being withdrawn because the D34.01.05 task group has concluded that this standard is neither a complete screening method nor a complete laboratory method and does not match the scope of the D34.01.05 task group on Screening Methods. These methods are, for all intents and purposes, a combination of the USEPA SW-846 Method 9041a (using pH paper) and Method 9045d (using pH meters). Since existing and readily available methods, although not ASTM methods, more than adequately cover the topic, the D34.01 subcommittee is balloting this standard for withdrawal so as not to duplicate efforts or infringe on intellectual property of others.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D34 on Waste Management, and Subcommittee D34.01.05 on Screening Methods, these test methods were withdrawn in February 2009.