ASTM D4430-00e1

Standard Practice for Determining the Operational Comparability of Meteorological Measurements

SCOPE
1.1 Sensor systems used for making meteorological measurements may be tested for laboratory accuracy in environmental chambers or wind tunnels, but natural exposure cannot be fully simulated. Atmospheric quantities are continuously variable in time and space; therefore, repeated measurements of the same quantities as required by Practice E177 to determine precision are not possible. This practice provides standard procedures for exposure, data sampling, and processing to be used with two measuring systems in determining their operational comparability (1, 2).  
1.2 The procedures provided produce measurement samples that can be used for statistical analysis. Comparability is defined in terms of specified statistical parameters. Other statistical parameters may be computed by methods described in other ASTM standards or statistics handbooks (3).  
1.3 Where the two measuring systems are identical, that is, same make, model, and manufacturer, the operational comparability is called functional precision.  
1.4 Meteorological determinations frequently require simultaneous measurements to establish the spatial distribution of atmospheric quantities or periodically repeated measurement to determine the time distribution, or both. In some cases, a number of identical systems may be used, but in others a mixture of instrument systems may be employed. The procedures described herein are used to determine the variability of like or unlike systems for making the same measurement.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 8.1 for more specific safety precautionary information.)

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2000
• ICS: 07.060 - Geology. Meteorology. Hydrology
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.11 - Meteorology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4430-00 - Standard Practice for Determining the Operational Comparability of Meteorological Measurements
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2000
• Replaced By: ASTM D4430-00(2006) - Standard Practice for Determining the Operational Comparability of Meteorological Measurements
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:D4430–00
Standard Practice for
Determining the Operational Comparability of
1
Meteorological Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4430; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Equation 4 was editorially corrected in February 2001.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 Sensor systems used for making meteorological mea- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
surements may be tested for laboratory accuracy in environ- D 1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
3
mental chambers or wind tunnels, but natural exposure cannot Atmospheres
be fully simulated. Atmospheric quantities are continuously E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
4
variable in time and space; therefore, repeated measurements ASTM Test Methods
of the same quantities as required by Practice E 177 to
3. Terminology
determine precision are not possible. This practice provides
3.1 For additional definitions of terms, refer toTerminology
standard procedures for exposure, data sampling, and process-
ingtobeusedwithtwomeasuringsystemsindeterminingtheir D 1356.
2
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
operational comparability (1,2).
1.2 The procedures provided produce measurement samples 3.2.1 difference (D)—the difference between the systematic
difference (d) of a set of samples and the true mean (µ) of the
that can be used for statistical analysis. Comparability is
defined in terms of specified statistical parameters. Other population:
statistical parameters may be computed by methods described
D 5 d 2 µ (1)
in other ASTM standards or statistics handbooks (3).
3.2.2 systematic difference (d)—the mean of the differences
1.3 Where the two measuring systems are identical, that is,
in the measurement by the two systems:
same make, model, and manufacturer, the operational compa-
N
1
rability is called functional precision.
d 5 ~X 2 X ! (2)
(
ai bi
N
i 5 1
1.4 Meteorologicaldeterminationsfrequentlyrequiresimul-
taneous measurements to establish the spatial distribution of
3.2.3 operational comparability (C)—the root mean square
atmosphericquantitiesorperiodicallyrepeatedmeasurementto
(rms) of the difference between simultaneous readings from
determine the time distribution, or both. In some cases, a
two systems measuring the same quantity in the same environ-
number of identical systems may be used, but in others a
ment:
mixture of instrument systems may be employed. The proce-
N
1
2
dures described herein are used to determine the variability of
C56 ~X 2 X ! (3)
Π(
ai bi
N
i 5 1
like or unlike systems for making the same measurement.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
where:
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
X = ith measurement made by one system,
ai
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
X = ith simultaneous measurement made by another
bi
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
system, and
limitations prior to use. (See 8.1 for more specific safety
N = number of samples used.
precautionary information.)
3.2.3.1 functional precision—the operational comparability
of identical systems.
3.2.4 estimated standard deviation of the difference (s)—a
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Sampling
measureofthedispersionofaseriesofdifferencesaroundtheir
and Analysis of Atmospheres and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
mean.
D22.11 on Meteorology.
Current edition approved September 10, 2000. Published November 2000.
Originally published as D 4430 – 84. Last previous edition D 4430 – 96.
2 3
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.
4
this practice. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4430–00
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samples to represent the class. The change in rms difference
s56 =C 2 d (4)
between classes indicates the dependence of the measurement
3.2.5 skewness (M)—the symmetry of the distribution (the
difference on the magnitude of the measurement.
third moment about the mean).
N
5. Significance and Use
3
~~X 2 X ! 2 d!
( ai bi
i 5 1 5.1 This practice provides data needed for selection of
M 5 (5)
3
N instrumentsystemstomeasuremeteorologicalquantitiesandto
provide an estimate of the precision of measurements made by
M = 0 for normal distribution.
such systems.
3.2.6 kurtosis (K)—the peake
...