07.060 - Geology. Meteorology. Hydrology
ICS 07.060 Details
Geology. Meteorology. Hydrology
Geologie. Meteorologie. Hydrologie
Géologie. Météorologie. Hydrologie
Geologija. Meteorologija. Hidrologija
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This document specifies the minimum requirements and the test methods for meteorological balloons made from natural rubber latex or natural rubber latex compounded with synthetic rubber emulsion. This document applies to two types of balloons: — Type 1: meteorological balloon by dipping process; — Type 2: meteorological balloon by moulding process.
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This document specifies the terminology and performance requirements for all sensor components of stationary equipment within a Road Weather Information System (RWIS).
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This document specifies the test methods, the experimental set-up and result analysis for the laboratory qualification of stationary equipment within a RWIS.
- Technical specification42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the terminology and performance requirements for all sensor components of stationary equipment within a Road Weather Information System (RWIS).
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the test methods, the experimental set-up and result analysis for the laboratory qualification of stationary equipment within a RWIS.
- Technical specification42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Non-catching type gauges are the emerging class of in situ precipitation measurement instruments. For these instruments, rigorous testing and calibration are more challenging than for traditional gauges. Hydrometeors’ characteristics like particle size, shape, fall velocity and density need to be reproduced in a controlled environment to provide the reference precipitation, instead of the equivalent water flow used for catching-type gauges. They are generally calibrated by the manufacturers using internal procedures developed for the specific technology employed. No agreed methodology exists, and the adopted procedures are rarely traceable to internationally recognized standards. This document describes calibration and accuracy issues of non-catching instruments used for liquid/solid atmospheric precipitation measurement. An overview of the existing models of non-catching type instruments is included, together with an overview and a description of their working principles and the adopted calibration procedures. The literature and technical manuals disclosed by manufacturers are summarized and discussed, while current limitations and metrological requirements are identified.
- Technical report25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Non-catching type gauges are the emerging class of in situ precipitation measurement instruments. For these instruments, rigorous testing and calibration are more challenging than for traditional gauges. Hydrometeors’ characteristics like particle size, shape, fall velocity and density need to be reproduced in a controlled environment to provide the reference precipitation, instead of the equivalent water flow used for catching-type gauges. They are generally calibrated by the manufacturers using internal procedures developed for the specific technology employed. No agreed methodology exists, and the adopted procedures are rarely traceable to internationally recognized standards. This document describes calibration and accuracy issues of non-catching instruments used for liquid/solid atmospheric precipitation measurement. An overview of the existing models of non-catching type instruments is included, together with an overview and a description of their working principles and the adopted calibration procedures. The literature and technical manuals disclosed by manufacturers are summarized and discussed, while current limitations and metrological requirements are identified.
- Technical report25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines for the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of a WPR. It describes the following:
— Measurement principle (Clause 5). Scatterers that produce echoes and methods of wind velocity measurement are described. The description of the measurement principle mainly aims at providing the information necessary for describing the guidelines in Clauses 6 to 11.
— Guidelines for WPR system (Clause 6). Frequency, hardware, software, and signal processing are described. They are mainly applied in designing and manufacturing the hardware and software of WPR.
— Guidelines for system performance (Clause 7). Measurement resolution, range sampling, radar sensitivity evaluation, and measurement accuracy are described. They can be used for estimating the measurement performance of a WPR’s system design and operation.
— Guidelines for quality control (QC) in digital signal processing (Clause 8).
— Guidelines for measurement products and data format (Clause 9). Measurement products obtained by a WPR and their data levels are defined. Guidelines for data file formats are also described.
— Guidelines for installation (Clause 10) and maintenance (Clause 11).
This document does not aim at providing a thorough description of the measurement principle, WPR systems, and WPR applications. For further details of these items, users are referred to technical books (e.g. References [1],[2],[3]).
WPRs are referred to by various names (e.g. radar wind profiler, wind profiler radar, wind profiling radar, atmospheric radar, or clear-air Doppler radar). Conventional naming for WPRs should be allowed.
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This European standard specifies general requirements, minimum performance requirements and test procedures for open channelinstrumentation used to determine either volumetric flow-rate and/or total volume passed of waters in artificial open channels. Itcovers the following technology categories:
−Level sensors with associated electronics designed to be used with a conventional gauging structure (e.g. weir or flumefor which the stage discharge characteristics are established and published in a national or international standard) or afluid velocity sensor.
−Integrated velocity area devices comprising level and velocity sensors that may be separate or combined in a single assembly;
−Velocity sensors that determine the mean water velocity through a channel.
It is recognised that for some OCIs certain tests cannot be carried out.
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This European standard specifies general requirements, minimum performance requirements and test procedures forinstrumentation used to measure either volumetric flow-rate and/or total volume passed of water in closed conduits. It covers all closed conduit instrument (CCI) technologies intended to operate in closed pressurised pipes and partially filled pipes.
It is recognised that for some CCIs certain tests cannot be carried out.
The data obtained from the testing of CCIs in accordance with the requirements of the Measuring Instruments Directive [4] or ISO4064-1 [5] can be used to meet, in part, the requirements specified in this European Standard. However, for the avoidance of doubt,compliance with the requirements of this European Standard does not equate to compliance with the requirements of theMeasuring Instruments Directive or ISO 4064-1.
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This document specifies general requirements, minimum performance requirements and test procedures for open channel instrumentation used to determine either volumetric flow-rate and/or total volume passed of waters in artificial open channels. It covers the following technology categories:
- Level sensors with associated electronics designed to be used with a conventional gauging structure. (The requirements and test procedures for gauging structures, such as weirs and flumes, are excluded. The stage discharge characteristics for many of these structures are established and published in national and international standards).
- Water velocity sensors.
- Integrated velocity area instruments comprising level and velocity sensors that may be separate or combined in a single assembly.
- Velocity sensors that determine the mean water velocity through a channel.
It is recognized that for some OCIs, certain tests cannot be carried out.
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This document specifies general requirements, minimum performance requirements and test procedures for instrumentation used to measure either volumetric flow-rate and/or total volume passed of water in closed conduits. It covers all closed conduit instrument (CCI) technologies intended to operate in closed pressurized pipes and partially filled pipes. Requirements are expressed in volumetric units which may be converted to mass using the density of the water.
It is recognized that for some CCIs certain tests cannot be carried out.
The data obtained from the testing of CCIs in accordance with the requirements of the Measuring Instruments Directive [1] or EN ISO 4064-1 [2] can be used to meet, in part, the requirements specified in this document. However, for the avoidance of doubt, compliance with the requirements of this document does not equate to compliance with the requirements of the Measuring Instruments Directive or EN ISO 4064-1.
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This document covers standardization in the field of geological and environmental aspects, design, drilling, construction, completion, operation, monitoring, maintenance, rehabilitation and decommissioning of borehole heat exchangers for uses of geothermal energy.
The direct expansion and thermal syphon techniques are excluded from this document
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This document covers standardization in the field of geological and environmental aspects, design, construction, operation, monitoring, maintenance and decommissioning of grouted borehole heat exchangers for uses in geothermal energy systems.
This document is only applicable for backfilled and grouted boreholes, it is not applicable for groundwater-filled boreholes.
Direct expansion and thermal syphon techniques are excluded from this document.
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This document defines the requirements for on-site measurements of snow depth and depth of snowfall. It provides guidance on manual and automatic measuring techniques, and information about sources of errors and measurement uncertainty.
- Technical report34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines the requirements for on-site measurements of snow depth and depth of snowfall. This document provides guidance on manual and automatic measuring techniques, and information about sources of errors and measurement uncertainty.
- Technical report34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines for the design, manufacture, installation, and maintenance of a WPR. It describes the following: — Measurement principle (Clause 5). Scatterers that produce echoes and methods of wind velocity measurement are described. The description of the measurement principle mainly aims at providing the information necessary for describing the guidelines in Clauses 6 to 11. — Guidelines for WPR system (Clause 6). Frequency, hardware, software, and signal processing are described. They are mainly applied in designing and manufacturing the hardware and software of WPR. — Guidelines for system performance (Clause 7). Measurement resolution, range sampling, radar sensitivity evaluation, and measurement accuracy are described. They can be used for estimating the measurement performance of a WPR’s system design and operation. — Guidelines for quality control (QC) in digital signal processing (Clause 8). — Guidelines for measurement products and data format (Clause 9). Measurement products obtained by a WPR and their data levels are defined. Guidelines for data file formats are also described. — Guidelines for installation (Clause 10) and maintenance (Clause 11). This document does not aim at providing a thorough description of the measurement principle, WPR systems, and WPR applications. For further details of these items, users are referred to technical books (e.g. References [1],[2],[3]). WPRs are referred to by various names (e.g. radar wind profiler, wind profiler radar, wind profiling radar, atmospheric radar, or clear-air Doppler radar). Conventional naming for WPRs should be allowed.
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This document describes a rake method with a boat for removing nuisance rooting aquatic plants and for managing their growth. It also describes the requirements for this method, and sets out how work should be carried out in the field.
The rake method can be used for inland waterways with a depth of 0.6 m or more.
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This Technical Report (TR) provides guidance to assist with the planning and design of Hydrometric networks, to ensure a better understanding of the water cycle, and that any data are observed and collated in an effective and appropriate manner. The TR is intended for use when:-
• a new network is being planned and designed;
• the nature, value and extent of an existing network is being reviewed;
• a redundant network is being decommissioned or modified.
This is to ensure that the impacts of these changes are considered objectively, and all changes are adequately monitored and recorded.
This TR covers all aspects that are considered pertinent to the evaluation. The information will be used to inform the decision-making process employed by the network’s owners and operators. The objective nature of the review will ensure that all influential factors, both beneficial and otherwise, are considered. This will ensure that primary and potential alternative uses of the network are considered. It will also ensure compliance with any extant environmental legislation.
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This document provides requirements for the evaluation and use of test method for snow depth sensors. This document is applicable to the following types of automatic snow depth sensors which employ different ranging technologies by which the sensors measure the distance from the snow surface to the sensor: a) Ultrasonic type, also known as sonic ranging depth sensors; b) Optical laser snow depth sensors including single point and multipoint snow depth sensors; c) Other snow depth sensors. This document mainly covers two major tests: a laboratory(indoor) test and a field (outdoor) test. The laboratory test includes the basic performance test and other tests under various environmental changes. The field test is proposed to ensure the performance of the snow depth sensors in field measurement conditions. For the field test, both the natural ground and artificial target surface such as snow plates are considered for the procedures defined in this document.
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This Technical Report (TR) provides guidance to assist with the planning and design of Hydrometric networks, to ensure a better understanding of the water cycle, and that any data are observed and collated in an effective and appropriate manner. The TR is intended for use when:-
• a new network is being planned and designed;
• the nature, value and extent of an existing network is being reviewed;
• a redundant network is being decommissioned or modified.
This is to ensure that the impacts of these changes are considered objectively, and all changes are adequately monitored and recorded.
This TR covers all aspects that are considered pertinent to the evaluation. The information will be used to inform the decision-making process employed by the network’s owners and operators. The objective nature of the review will ensure that all influential factors, both beneficial and otherwise, are considered. This will ensure that primary and potential alternative uses of the network are considered. It will also ensure compliance with any extant environmental legislation.
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This document provides guidance to potential users for the specification of the global distribution of ionosphere densities and temperatures, as well as the total content of electrons in the height interval from 50 km to 1 500 km. It includes and explains several options for a plasmaspheric extension of the model, embracing the geographical area between latitudes of 80°S and 80°N and longitudes of 0°E to 360°E, for any time of day, any day of year, and various solar and magnetic activity conditions. A brief introduction to ionospheric and plasmaspheric physics is given in Annex A. Annex B provides an overview over physical models, because they are important for understanding and modelling the physical processes that produce the ionospheric plasma.
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The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for X band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) is not greater than 250 kW (i.e. 84 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR90/WG16 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 915 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.475B of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 9 300 MHz to 9 500 MHz have priority over other radiolocation
uses.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
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present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for S band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR284/WG10 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 2 886 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.423 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 2 700 MHz to 2 900 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the aeronautical radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
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The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for C band meteorological radar
systems intended for the surveillance and classification of hydrometeors with the following characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 5 250 MHz to 5 850 MHz.
• Utilizing unmodulated pulses or phase/frequency modulated pulses also known as pulse compression.
• The maximum output power (PEP) does not exceed 1 MW (i.e. 90 dBm).
• The transceiver antenna connection and its feeding RF line use a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide.
• The antenna rotates and can be changed in elevation.
• The used waveguide is WR187/WG12 waveguide according to IEC 60153-2 [i.2] with a minimum length
between the output of the transmitter and the input of the antenna of 1 902 mm (20 times the wavelength of the
waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna feed is waveguide based and the antenna is passive.
• The orientation of the transmitted field from the antenna can be vertical or horizontal polarized or it can be
both simultaneously.
• At the transceiver output an RF circulator is used.
NOTE 1: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics
remain independent from the antenna.
NOTE 2: According to provision 5.452 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7], ground-based radars used for
meteorological purposes in the band 5 600 MHz to 5 650 MHz are authorized to operate on a basis of
equality with stations of the maritime radio navigation service.
NOTE 3: Further technical and operational characteristics of meteorological radar systems can be found in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1849-1 [i.3].
NOTE 4: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in Annex A.
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This document is focused on the structural features of rivers, on geomorphological and hydrological processes, and on river continuity. This document is focused on the structural features of rivers, on geomorphological and hydrological processes, and on river continuity. It provides guidance on the features and processes to be taken into account when characterizing and assessing the hydromorphology of rivers. The word ‘river’ is used as a generic term to describe flowing watercourses of all sizes, with the exception of artificial water bodies such as canals. The document is based on methods developed, tested, and compared in Europe, including the pan-European REFORM project (https://reformrivers.eu/). Its main aim is to improve the comparability of hydromorphological assessment methods, data processing and interpretation. It provides broad recommendations for the types of parameters that should be assessed, and the methods for doing this, within a framework that offers the flexibility to plan programmes of work that are affordable. Although this document does not constitute CIS guidance for the WFD, relevant references provided by the CIS expert group on hydromorphology have been included in the Bibliography.
Although it has particular importance for the WFD by providing guidance on assessing hydromorphological quality, this document has considerably wider scope for other applications. It does not attempt either to describe methods for defining high status for hydromorphology under the WFD, or to link broadscale hydromorphological classification to assessments of ecological status. In addition, while recognizing the important influence of hydromorphology on plant and animal ecology, no attempt is made to provide guidance in this area, but where the biota have an important influence on hydromorphology, these influences are included.
NOTE A case study illustrating the application of this document is given in Gurnell and Grabowski[1].
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This document is focused on the structural features of rivers, on geomorphological and hydrological processes, and on river continuity. It provides guidance on the features and processes to be taken into account when characterizing and assessing the hydromorphology of rivers. It is based on methods developed, tested, and compared in Europe. Its main aim is to improve the comparability of hydromorphological assessment methods, data processing and interpretation. Although it has particular importance for the WFD by providing guidance on assessing hydromorphological quality, it has considerably wider scope for other applications. In addition, while recognizing the important influence of hydromorphology on plant and animal ecology, no attempt is made to provide guidance in this area, but where the biota have an important influence on hydromorphology these influences are included.
NOTE A case study illustrating the application of this standard is given in Gurnell and Grabowski[1].
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This document considers liquid atmospheric precipitation and defines the procedures and equipment to perform laboratory and field tests, in steady-state conditions, for the calibration, check and metrological confirmation of liquid precipitation measurement instruments. It provides a classification of catching-type measurement instruments based on their laboratory performance. The classification does not relate to the physical principle used for the measurement, nor does it refer to the technical characteristics of the instrument assembly, but is solely based on the instrument calibration. Attribution of a given class to an instrument is not intended as a high/low ranking of its quality but rather as a quantitative standardized method to declare the achievable measurement accuracy in order to provide guidance on the suitability for a particular purpose, while meeting the user’s requirements.
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This document provides guidance for survey design, equipment specification, survey methods, sampling and data handling of macroalgae and marine angiosperms such as Zostera in the intertidal soft bottom environment. It does not include polyeuryhaline terrestrial angiosperms that are found in saltmarshes. Ruppia is a genus of angiosperms that can be found in brackish water. This document can also be applied to the study of Ruppia in these environments.
The document comprises:
- development of a mapping and sampling programme;
- requirements for mapping and sampling equipment;
- procedures for remote sensing data collection;
- procedures for direct mapping and sampling in the field;
- recommendations for taxon identification and biomass determination;
- data handling.
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This standard considers liquid precipitation and defines a classification for catching-type RI measurement instruments based on their laboratory performance. Standardised calibration tests are described for the assessment of the accuracy of these raingauges both in the laboratory and in the field. The classification does not relate to the physical principle used for the measurement nor does it refer to the technical characteristics of the instrument assembly. The classification is solely based on the accuracy of the raingauge rainfall intensity calibration.
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ISO 35106:2017 specifies requirements and provides recommendations and guidance for the collection, analysis and presentation of relevant physical environmental data for activities of the petroleum and natural gas industries in arctic and cold regions. Activities include design and operations, which involve planning and actual execution.
Reference to arctic and cold regions in this document is deemed to include both the Arctic and other locations characterized by low ambient temperatures and the presence or possibility of sea ice, icebergs, shelf ice, glaciers, icing conditions, persistent snow cover, frozen surfaces of lakes and rivers, localized and rapidly changing weather systems and/or permafrost.
ISO 35106:2017 outlines requirements for a range of different operations that have been or are presently being undertaken and for existing design concepts. This document can also be used for other operations and new design concepts in arctic and cold regions as long as it is recognized that all data requirements are not necessarily addressed.
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This document provides guidance for survey design, equipment specification, survey methods, sampling and data handling of macroalgae and marine angiosperms such as Zostera in the intertidal soft bottom environment. It does not include polyeuryhaline terrestrial angiosperms that are found in saltmarshes. Ruppia is a genus of angiosperms that can be found in brackish water. This document can also be applied to the study of Ruppia in these environments.
The document comprises:
- development of a mapping and sampling programme;
- requirements for mapping and sampling equipment;
- procedures for remote sensing data collection;
- procedures for direct mapping and sampling in the field;
- recommendations for taxon identification and biomass determination;
- data handling.
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This European Standard provides guidance on characterizing the modifications of the hydromorphological features of TraC waters described in EN 16503, enabling consistent comparisons of hydromorphological modification between TraC waters within a country and between different countries in Europe. Its primary aim is to assess ‘departure from naturalness’ as a result of human pressures on TraC hydromorphology, and it suggests suitable sources of information that may contribute to describing the modification of hydromorphological features. The procedures set out in this standard will encourage the objective assessment and reporting of the variability in transitional and coastal waters, and contribute to the work needed to implement the WFD and the MSFD; however, it does not replace methods that have been developed for local assessment and reporting.
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This document gives guidances on determining the degree of modification of the hydromorphological features of transitional and coastal waters
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ISO 19926-1:2019 specifies system performance of ground-based weather radar systems measuring the atmosphere using frequencies between 2 GHz and 10 GHz. These systems are suitable for the area-wide detection of precipitation and other meteorological targets at different altitudes. This document also describes ways to verify the different aspects of system performance, including infrastructure. ISO 19926-1:2019 is applicable to linear polarization parabolic radar systems, dual-polarization and single-polarization radars. It does not apply to fan-beam radars [narrow in azimuth (AZ) and broad in elevation (EL)], including marine and aeronautical surveillance radars, which are used for, but are not primarily designed for, weather applications. Phased-array radars with electronically formed and steered beams, including multi-beam, with non-circular off-bore sight patterns, are new and insufficient performance information is available. ISO 19926-1:2019 does not describe weather radar technology and its applications. Weather radar systems can be used for applications such as quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE), the classification of hydrometeors (e.g. hail), the estimation of wind speeds and the detection and surveillance of severe meteorological phenomena (e.g. microburst, tornado). Some of these applications have particular requirements for the positioning of the radar system or need specific measurement strategies. However, the procedures for calibration and maintenance described in this document apply here as well. ISO 19926-1:2019 addresses manufacturers and radar operators.
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This document specifies the requirements and performance test procedures for monostatic heterodyne continuous-wave (CW) Doppler lidar techniques and presents their advantages and limitations. The term "Doppler lidar" used in this document applies solely to monostatic heterodyne CW lidar systems retrieving wind measurements from the scattering of laser light by aerosols in the atmosphere. Performances and limits are described based on standard atmospheric conditions. This document describes the determination of the line-of-sight wind velocity (radial wind velocity). NOTE Derivation of wind vector from individual line-of-sight measurements is not described in this document since it is highly specific to a particular wind lidar configuration. One example of the retrieval of the wind vector can be found in ISO 28902-2:2017, Annex B. This document does not address the retrieval of the wind vector. This document can be used for the following application areas: — meteorological briefing for e.g. aviation, airport safety, marine applications, oil platforms; — wind power production, e.g. site assessment, power curve determination; — routine measurements of wind profiles at meteorological stations; — air pollution dispersion monitoring; — industrial risk management (direct data monitoring or by assimilation into micro-scale flow models); — exchange processes (greenhouse gas emissions). This document can be used by manufacturers of monostatic CW Doppler wind lidars as well as bodies testing and certifying their conformity. This document also provides recommendations for users to make adequate use of these instruments.
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This European Standard gives recommendations for the management of observed hydrometric data, including raw data
and other data and statistics derived from these observations.
- Technical specification38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for digitally modulated
radiosondes operating in the range from 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz.
NOTE 1: The present document does not cover radiosondes with an imbedded receiver.
NOTE 2: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in annex A.
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This document gives recommendations for the management of observed hydrometric data, including raw data and other data as well as statistics derived from these observations. Although the principles of data management can be applied to all hydrometric observations, particular focus is placed on measurements of precipitation, water level (including stage), volume and discharge in open channels.
NOTE The range of sites where water levels, and sometimes flow, are measured includes lakes, reservoirs, rivers, canals, tidal waters, sewers, wells, and boreholes.
The document covers metadata associated with hydrometric data, including recommendations for the production and management of descriptive, analytical and statistical material relating to sites where and measuring techniques, by which hydrometric data are collected. The recommendations of this document can be applied to some forms of data directly derived from observational records (for example, summary time series of monthly mean river flows). While not primarily designed for the management of data resulting from more complex numerical models or spatially aggregated data sets (for example, remotely-sensed data), many of the recommendations are applicable for such types of data.
This document does not cover the field collection of data or its transmission, but focuses on the management of data once they have been received in a hydrometric information management system.
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The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for digitally modulated
radiosondes operating in the range from 400,15 MHz to 406 MHz and with power levels ranging up to 200 mW.
NOTE 1: The present document does not cover radiosondes with an imbedded receiver.
NOTE 2: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in annex A.
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The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for digitally modulated
radiosondes operating in the range from 400,15 MHz to 406 MHz and with power levels ranging up to 200 mW.
NOTE: The present document does not cover radiosondes with an imbedded receiver.
The present document covers the essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU [i.1] under the
conditions identified in annex A.
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The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for digitally modulated
radiosondes operating in the range from 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz.
NOTE: The present document does not cover radiosondes with an imbedded receiver.
The present document covers the essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU [i.1] under the
conditions identified in annex A.
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- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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This European Standard provides guidance on determining the degree of modification of lake hydromorphological features described in EN 16039. It enables consistent comparisons of hydromorphology between lakes within a country and between different countries in Europe, providing a method for broad based characterization across a wide spectrum of hydromorphological modification. Its primary aim is to assess ‘departure from naturalness’ for a given type of lake as a result of human pressures, and it suggests suitable sources of information that may contribute to characterizing the degree of modification of hydromorphological features. For wholly artificial lakes or reservoirs formed by damming rivers the aim is to assess the extent to which processes approximate to those in comparable natural water bodies. However, this standard does not replace methods that have been developed within particular countries for local assessment and reporting. Decisions on management for individual lakes require expert local knowledge and vary according to lake type.
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ISO 28902-2:2017 specifies the requirements and performance test procedures for heterodyne pulsed Doppler lidar techniques and presents their advantages and limitations. The term "Doppler lidar" used in this document applies solely to heterodyne pulsed lidar systems retrieving wind measurements from the scattering of laser light onto aerosols in the atmosphere. A description of performances and limits are described based on standard atmospheric conditions. This document describes the determination of the line-of-sight wind velocity (radial wind velocity). NOTE Derivation of wind vector from individual line-of-sight measurements is not described in this document since it is highly specific to a particular wind lidar configuration. One example of the retrieval of the wind vector can be found in Annex B. ISO 28902-2:2017 does not address the retrieval of the wind vector. ISO 28902-2:2017 may be used for the following application areas: - meteorological briefing for, e.g. aviation, airport safety, marine applications and oil platforms; - wind power production, e.g. site assessment and power curve determination; - routine measurements of wind profiles at meteorological stations; - air pollution dispersion monitoring; - industrial risk management (direct data monitoring or by assimilation into micro-scale flow models); - exchange processes (greenhouse gas emissions). ISO 28902-2:2017 addresses manufacturers of heterodyne pulsed Doppler wind lidars, as well as bodies testing and certifying their conformity. Also, this document provides recommendations for the users to make adequate use of these instruments.
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This European Standard provides guidance on determining the degree of modification of lake hydromorphological features described in EN 16039. It enables consistent comparisons of hydromorphology between lakes within a country and between different countries in Europe, providing a method for broad based characterization across a wide spectrum of hydromorphological modification. Its primary aim is to assess ‘departure from naturalness’ for a given type of lake as a result of human pressures, and it suggests suitable sources of information that may contribute to characterizing the degree of modification of hydromorphological features. For wholly artificial lakes or reservoirs formed by damming rivers the aim is to assess the extent to which processes approximate to those in comparable natural water bodies. However, this standard does not replace methods that have been developed within particular countries for local assessment and reporting. Decisions on management for individual lakes require expert local knowledge and vary according to lake type.
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The application of geophysical methods is an evolving science that can address a variety of objectives in groundwater investigations. However, because the successful application of geophysical methods depends on the available technology, logistics, and expertise of the investigator, there can be no single set of field procedures or approaches prescribed for all cases. ISO/TR 21414:2016 provides guidelines that are useful for conducting geophysical surveys for a variety of objectives (including environmental aspects), within the limits of modern-day instrumentation and interpretive techniques, are provided. The more commonly used field techniques and practices are described, with an emphasis on electrical resistivity, electromagnetic, and seismic refraction techniques as these are widely used in groundwater exploration. Theoretical aspects and details of interpretational procedures are referred to only in a general way. For full details, reference is intended to be made to specialized texts listed in the Bibliography.
- Technical report55 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report55 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
The present document defines the technical requirements for transmitters used in Radiosondes operating in the range
from 400,15 MHz to 406 MHz and with power levels ranging up to 200 mW.
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REN/ERM-JTFEA-24
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The present document defines the technical requirements for transmitters used in Radiosondes operating in the range
from 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz.
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The present document applies to Radiosondes in the Meteorological Aids service to be used in the 400,15 MHz to
406 MHz frequency range with power levels ranging up to 200 mW.
The present document contains requirements to demonstrate that "... Radio equipment shall be so constructed that it
both effectively uses and supports the efficient use of radio spectrum in order to avoid harmful interference" [i.1].
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