ASTM D5085-21

Standard Test Method for Determination of Chloride, Nitrate, and Sulfate in Atmospheric Wet Deposition by Suppressed Ion Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is for the determination of the anions: chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in atmospheric wet deposition.  
5.2 Fig. X1.1 in the appendix represents cumulative frequency percentile concentration plots of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate obtained from analyses of over 5000 wet deposition samples. These data may be used as an aid in the selection of appropriate calibration solutions (2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in atmospheric wet deposition samples (rain, snow, sleet, and hail) by suppressed ion chromatography. For additional applications, see to Test Method D4327.  
1.2 The concentration ranges for this test method are as listed below. The range tested was confirmed using the interlaboratory collaborative test (see Table 1 for statistical summary of the collaborative test).    
Method
Detection
L (mg/L) (1)  
Range of
Method
(mg/L)  
Range
Tested
(mg/L)  
Chloride  
0.03  
0.09–2.0  
0.15–1.36  
Nitrate  
0.03  
0.09–5.0  
0.15–4.92  
Sulfate  
0.03  
0.09–8.0  
0.15–6.52  
1.3 The method detection limit (MDL) is based on single operator precision (1)2 and may be higher or lower for other operators and laboratories. The precision and bias data presented are insufficient to justify use at this low level; however, it has been reported that this test method is reliable at lower levels than those that were tested. The MDLs listed above were determined following the guidance in 40 CFR Part 136 Appendix B. Other approaches to the determination of MDLs may yield different MDLs.  
1.4 Method Detection Limits will vary depending on the type and length of column(s) used, the composition and strength of eluent used, the bore size of the instrumentation (that is, microbore or standard bore), eluent flow rate and other variables between instruments. The method detection limits listed above are those used in determining the Precision and Bias of this method as given in Table 1.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2021
• ICS: 07.060 - Geology. Meteorology. Hydrology
• ICS: 71.040.40 - Chemical analysis
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2020
• Refers: ASTM D1356-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5085 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Chloride, Nitrate, and Sulfate in
Atmospheric Wet Deposition by Suppressed Ion
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5085; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in atmospheric wet deposition
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
samples (rain, snow, sleet, and hail) by suppressed ion chro-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
matography. For additional applications, see to Test Method
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.
D4327.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 The concentration ranges for this test method are as dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
listed below. The range tested was confirmed using the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
interlaboratory collaborative test (see Table 1 for statistical Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
summary of the collaborative test).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Method Range of Range
Detection Method Tested
L (mg/L) (1) (mg/L) (mg/L)
2. Referenced Documents
Chloride 0.03 0.09–2.0 0.15–1.36
3
Nitrate 0.03 0.09–5.0 0.15–4.92
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Sulfate 0.03 0.09–8.0 0.15–6.52
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.3 The method detection limit (MDL) is based on single
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
2
operator precision (1) and may be higher or lower for other
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
operators and laboratories. The precision and bias data pre-
D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
sented are insufficient to justify use at this low level; however,
Atmospheres
it has been reported that this test method is reliable at lower
D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
levelsthanthosethatweretested.TheMDLslistedabovewere
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
determined following the guidance in 40 CFR Part 136
D3670Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias of
Appendix B. Other approaches to the determination of MDLs
Methods of Committee D22
may yield different MDLs.
D4210Practice for Intralaboratory Quality Control Proce-
dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data
1.4 Method Detection Limits will vary depending on the
4
(Withdrawn 2002)
type and length of column(s) used, the composition and
D4327Test Method forAnions in Water by Suppressed Ion
strength of eluent used, the bore size of the instrumentation
Chromatography
(thatis,microboreorstandardbore),eluentflowrateandother
D5012Practice for Preparation of Materials Used for the
variables between instruments. The method detection limits
Collection and Preservation of Atmospheric Wet Deposi-
listed above are those used in determining the Precision and
tion
Bias of this method as given in Table 1.
E694Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Appa-
ratus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient
3
Atmospheres and Source Emissions. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published April 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5085–02 (2013). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D5085-21. the ASTM website.
2 4
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to references at the end of this test The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
method. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5085 − 21
E1154Specification for Piston or Plunger Operated Volu- decreasing the eluent concentration or flow rate, or decreasing
metric Apparatus sample size will result in improved peak resolution.
IEEE/AST
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5085 − 02 (Reapproved 2013) D5085 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Chloride, Nitrate, and Sulfate in
Atmospheric Wet Deposition by Chemically Suppressed Ion
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5085; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in atmospheric wet deposition samples (rain,
snow, sleet, and hail) by chemically suppressed ion chromatographychromatography. (1).For additional applications
referapplications, see to Test Method D4327.
1.2 The concentration ranges for this test method are as listed below. The range tested was confirmed using the interlaboratory
collaborative test (see Table 1Table 1 for statistical summary of the collaborative test).
Range of Range
MDL Method Tested
(mg/L) (2) (mg/L) (mg/L)
Method Range of Range
Detection Method Tested
L (mg/L) (1) (mg/L) (mg/L)
Chloride 0.03 0.09–2.0 0.15–1.36
Nitrate 0.03 0.09–5.0 0.15–4.92
Sulfate 0.03 0.09–8.0 0.15–6.52
2
1.3 The method detection limit (MDL) is based on single operator precision (21) and may be higher or lower for other operators
and laboratories. The precision and bias data presented are insufficient to justify use at this low level, however, many workers have
foundlevel; however, it has been reported that this test method is reliable at lower levels than those that were tested. The MDLs
listed above were determined following the guidance in 40 CFR Part 136 Appendix B. Other approaches to the determination of
MDLs may yield different MDLs.
1.4 Method Detection Limits will vary depending on the type and length of column(s) used, the composition and strength of eluent
used, the bore size of the instrumentation (that is, microbore or standard bore), eluent flow rate and other variables between
instruments. The method detection limits listed above are those used in determining the Precision and Bias of this method as given
in Table 1.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheres
and Source Emissions.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013Sept. 1, 2021. Published October 2013April 2022. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D5085 – 02 (2008).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D5085-02R13.10.1520/D5085-21.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to references at the end of this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5085 − 21
TABLE 1 Precision and Bias for Chloride, Nitrate, and Sulfate Determined from the Synthetic Atmospheric Wet Deposition Samples
Used in the Interlaboratory Comparison Study
Precision mg/L
Amount Mean
Bias, Significant
A 95 % 95 %
Analyte Added, Recovery, n
B
C D
mg/L Bias
S Reproducibility S Repeatability
t o
mg/L mg/L
Limit Limit
Chloride 0.15 0.157 36 0.0535 0.150 0.0116 0.0325 0.007 no
0.30 0.293 35 0.0554 0.155 0.0291 0.0815 −0.007 no
0.68 0.652 36 0.0549 0.154 0.0237 0.0664 −0.028 biased low
1.36 1.368 36 0.1 0.28 0.0431 0.121 0.008 no
Nitrate 0.15 0.138 24 0.0362 0.101 0.0289 0.0809 −0.012 no
1.08 1.077 24 0.0495 0.139 0.0421 0.118 −0.003 no
2.44 2.486 22 0.0197 0.0552 0.0183 0.0512 0.046 biased high
4.92 4.999 24 0.126 0.353 0.075 0.21 0.079 biased high
Sulfate 0.15 0.172 36 0.055 0.154 0.0304 0.085 0.022 no
1.43 1.442 35 0.0683 0.191 0.0369 0.103 0.012 no
3.23 3.358 36 0.13 0.364 0.046 0.129 0.128 biased high
6.52 6.775 36 0.37 1.04 0.109 0.305 0.255 biased high
A
Number of samples included in final statistical analysis after removal of outlier data.
B
95 % confidence level.
C
Between laboratory precision, reproducibility.
D
Within laboratory precision (pooled single operator precision), repeatability.
1.6 This int
...