ASTM A252-98e1

Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nominal (average) wall steel pipe piles of cylindrical shape and applies to pipe piles in which the steel cylinder acts as a permanent load-carrying member, or as a shell to form cast-in-place concrete piles.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions of the values in inch-pound units to values in SI units.
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 16 of this specification.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-1998
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.09 - Carbon Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A252-98(2002) - Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-1998
• Referred By: ASTM A972/A972M-00(2021) - Standard Specification for Fusion Bonded Epoxy-Coated Pipe Piles
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F2015-00(2019) - Standard Specification for Lap Joint Flange Pipe End Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F2014-00(2019) - Standard Specification for Non-Reinforced Extruded Tee Connections for Piping Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: A 252 – 98 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 252; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Table 3 was editorially corrected October 2000.
1. Scope 3.1.1 defect—an imperfection of sufficient size or magni-
tude to be cause for rejection.
1.1 This specification covers nominal (average) wall steel
3.1.2 imperfection—any discontinuity or irregularity found
pipe piles of cylindrical shape and applies to pipe piles in
in the pipe.
which the steel cylinder acts as a permanent load-carrying
member, or as a shell to form cast-in-place concrete piles.
4. Ordering Information
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall contain
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
information concerning as many of the following items as are
conversions of the values in inch-pound units to values in SI
required to describe the desired material adequately:
units.
4.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes and foot-
4.1.2 Name of material (steel pipe piles),
notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and foot-
4.1.3 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded),
notes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any
4.1.4 Grade (Tables 1 and 2),
mandatory requirements.
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
4.1.6 Lengths (single random, double random, or uniform)
test method portion, Section 16 of this specification. This
(see Section 13),
standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,
4.1.7 End finish (Section 15), and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
4.1.8 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
4.1.9 Location of purchaser’s inspection (see 19.1), and
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
4.1.10 Bar coding (see 22.2).
tions prior to use.
5. Materials and Manufacture
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The piles shall be made by the seamless, electric
2.1 ASTM Standards:
resistance welded, flash welded, or fusion welded process. The
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
seams of welded pipe piles shall be longitudinal, helical-butt,
of Steel Products
or helical-lap.
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
NOTE 1—For welded pipe piles, the weld should not fail when the
A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re- product is properly fabricated and installed and subjected to its intended
end use.
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
6. Process
Determine Conformance with Specification
6.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following
3. Terminology
processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this specifica-
7. Chemical Composition
tion shall be in accordance with Terminology A 941.
7.1 The steel shall contain no more than 0.050 % phospho-
rous.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
8. Heat Analysis
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
8.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirement
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1998. Published September 1998. Originally
published as A 252 – 44 T. Last previous edition A 252 – 96. specified in 7.1. When requested by the purchaser, the appli-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
cable heat analyses shall be reported to the purchaser ro the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
purchaser’s representative.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 252
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
NOTE—Where an ellipsis (.) appears in this table, there is no requirement.
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 50 000 (345) 60 000 (415) 66 000 (455)
Yield point or yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 30 000 (205) 35 000 (240) 45 000 (310)
Basic minimum elongation for nominal wall thicknesses ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) or more:
Elongation in 8 in. (203.2 mm), min, % 18 14 . . .
Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, % 30 25 20
A A A
For nominal wall thicknesses less than ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm), the deduction from 1.50 1.25 1.0
the basic minimum elongation in 2 in. (50.08 mm) for each ⁄32 - in. (0.8 mm)
decrease in nominal wall thickness below ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm), in percentage points
A
Table 2 gives the computed minimum values:
A
TABLE 2 Calculated Minimum Elongation Values
Nominal Wall Thickness Elongation in 2 in.(50.8 mm), min, %
in. mm Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
⁄16 or 0.312 7.9 30.00 25.00 20.00
⁄32 or 0.281 7.1 28.50 23.75 19.00
⁄4 or 0.250 6.4 27.00 22.50 18.00
⁄32 or 0.219 5.6 25.50 21.25 17.00
⁄16 or 0.188 4.8 24.00 20.00 16.00
⁄64 or 0.172 4.4 23.25 19.50 15.50
⁄32 or 0.156 4.0 22.50 18.75 15.00
⁄64 or 0.141 3.6 21.75 18.25 14.50
⁄8 or 0.125 3.2 21.00 17.50 14.00
⁄64 or 0.109 2.8 20.25 16.75 13.50
A
The above table gives the calculated minimum elongation values for various nominal wall thicknesses. Where the specified nominal wall thickness is intermediate to
those shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined as follows:
Grade
1 E =48t + 15.00
2 E =40t + 12.50
3 E =32t + 10.00
where:
E = elongation in 2 in., %, and
t = specified nominal wall thickness, in.
9. Product Analysis 10.2 The yield point shall be determined by the drop of the
beam, by the halt in the gage of the testing machine, by the use
9.1 Chemical analysis shall be in accordance with Test
of dividers, or by other approved methods. When a definite
Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
yield point is not exhibited, the yield strength corresponding to
9.2 It shall be permissible for the purchaser to make product
a permanent offset of 0.2 % of the gage length of the specimen,
analyses using samples from lots of pipe piles as follows:
or to a total extension of 0.5 % of the gage length under load
Pipe Size Outside Number of Samples and Size of Lot
shall be determined.
Diameter, in. (mm)
Under 14 (355.6) 2 from 200 pipe or fraction thereof
14 to 36, incl (355.6 2 from 100 pipe or fraction thereof 11. Weights Per Unit Length
to 914)
11.1 The weights per unit length for various sizes of pipe
Over 36 (914) 2 from 3000 ft (914 m)or fraction thereof
piles are listed in Table 3.
The product analyses shall conform to the requirement in
11.2 For pipe pile sizes not listed in Table 3, the weight per
7.1.
unit length shall be calculated as follows:
9.3 If the chemical compositions of both of the samples
W5 10.69~D 2 t!t
representing a lot fail to conform to the specified requirement,
the lot shall be rejected or analyses of four additional samples
selected from the lot shall be made, and each shall conform to
where:
the specified requirement. If the chemical composition of only
W = weight per unit length, lb/ft,
one of the samples representing a lot fails to conform to the
D = specified outside diameter, in., and
specified requirement, the lot shall be rejected or analyses of
t = specified nominal wall thickness, in.
two additional samples selected from the lot shall be made, and
12. Permissible Variations in Weights and Dimensions
each shall conform to the specified requirement.
12.1 Weight—Each length of pipe pile shall be weighed
10. Tensile Requirements
separately and its weight shall not vary more than 15 % over or
10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to 5 % under its theoretical weight, calculated using its length and
tensile properties prescribed in Tables 1 and 2. its weight per unit length (see Section 11).
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 252
12.2 Outside Diameter—The outside diameter of pipe piles
Single random lengths 16 to 25 ft (4.88 to 7.62 mm), incl
Double random lengths over 25 ft (7.62 m) with a minimum average
shall not vary more than 61 % from the specified outside
of 35 ft (10.67 m)
diameter.
Uniform lengths length as specified with a permissible varia-
12.3 Wall Thickness—The wall thickness at any point shall
tion of 61 in.
not be more than 12.5 % under the specified nominal wall
13.2 Lengths that have been spliced at the mill by welding
thickness.
shall be acceptable as the equivalent of unspliced lengths
NOTE 2—The minimum permissible wall thickness on inspection is
provided tension test specimens cut from sample splices
shown in Table X1.1 (see Appendix) for various nominal wall thicknesses.
conform to the tensile strength requirements prescribed in
Tables 1 and 2. The welding bead shall not be removed for this
13. Lengths
test. Such specimens shall be made in accordance with the
13.1 Pipe piles shall be furnished in single random lengths,
provisions specified in Sections 16-18.
double random lengths, or in uniform lengths as specified in
the purchase order, in accordance with the following limits:
A
TABLE 3 Common Sizes and Weights Per Unit Length
B
Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths, Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths,
B C B C
in. lb/ft in. lb/ft
6 0.134 8.40 12 0.134 17.00
0.141 8.83 0.141 17.87
0.156 9.75 0.150 19.00
0.164 10.23 0.164 20.75
0.172 10.72 0.172 21.75
0.179 22.62
8 0.141 11.85 0.188 23.74
0.172 14.39 0.203 25.60
0.219 27.58
8 ⁄8 0.109 9.92 0.230 28.94
0.141 12.79 0.250 31.40
0.172 15.54 0.281 35.20
0.188 16.96 0.312 38.98
0.203 18.28
0.219 19.68 12 ⁄4 0.109 14.73
0.250 22.38 0.134 18.07
0.277 24.72 0.141 19.01
0.312 27.73 0.150 20.20
0.322 28.58 0.164 22.07
0.344 30.45 0.172 23.13
0.375 33.07 0.179 24.05
0.438 38.33 0.188 25.25
0.500 43.43 0.203 27.23
0.219 29.34
10 0.109 11.53 0.230 30.78
0.120 12.67 0.250 33.41
0.134 14.13 0.281 37.46
0.141 14.86 0.312 41.48
0.150 15.79 0.330 43.81
0.164 17.24 0.344 45.62
0.172 18.07 0.375 49.61
0.179 18.79 0.438 57.65
0.188 19.72 0.500 65.48
0.203 21.26
0.219 22.90 14 0.134 19.86
0.230 24.02 0.141 20.89
0.250 26.06 0.150 22.21
0.164 24.26
10 ⁄4 0.109 12.40 0.172 25.43
0.120 13.64 0.179 26.45
0.134 15.21 0.188 27.76
0.141 15.99 0.203 29.94
0.150 17.00 0.219 32.26
0.164 18.56 0.230 33.86
0.172 19.45 0.250 36.75
0.179 20.23 0.281 41.21
0.188 21.23 0.312 45.65
0.203 22.89 0.344 50.22
0.219 24.65 0.375 54.62
0.230 25.87 0.438 63.50
0.250 28.06 0.469 67.84
0.279 31.23 0.500 72.16
0.307 34.27
0.344 38.27 16 0.134 22.73
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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A 252
TABLE 3 Continued
B
Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths, Outside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness, Weight per Unit Lengths,
B C B C
in. lb/ft in. lb/ft
0.141 23.90
0.150 25.42
0.164 27.76
16 0.172 29.10 20 0.188 31.78
0.179 30.27 0.219 46.31
0.250 52.78
0.188 30.61 0.281 59.23
0.203 34.28 0.312 65.66
0.219 36.95 0.344 72.28
0.230 38.77 0.375 78.67
0.250 42.09 0.438 91.59
0.281 47.22 0.469 97.92
0.312 52.32 0.500 104.23
0.344 57.57
0.375 62.64 22 0.172 40.13
0.438 72.86 0.188 43.84
0.469 77.87 0.219 50.99
0.500 82.85 0.250 58.13
0.281 65.24
18 0.141 26.92 0.312 72.34
0.172 32.78 0.375 86.69
0.188 35.80 0.438 100.96
0.219 41.63 0.469 107.95
0.230 43.69 0.500 114.92
0.250 47.44
0.281 53.23 24 0.172 43.81
0.312 58.99 0.188 47.86
0.344 64.93 0.219 55.67
0.375 70.65 0.250 63.47
0.438 82.23 0.281 71.25
0.469 87.89 0.312 79.01
0.500 93.54 0.375 94.71
0.438 110.32
20 0.141 29.93 0.469 117.98
0.172 36.46 0.500 125.62
A
Subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, sizes and weights per unit length other than those listed shall be permitted.
B
1 in. = 25.4 mm
C
1 lb/ft = 1.49 kg/m.
14. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance each lot of 200 lengths or fraction thereof of each size.
16.2 A retest shall be allowed if the percentage of elonga-
14.1 The finished pipe piles shall be reasonably straight and
tion of any test tension specimen is less than that prescribed in
shall not contain imperfections in such number or of such
Tables 1 and 2 and any part of the fracture is more than ⁄4 in.
character as to render the pipe unsuitable for pipe piles.
(19 mm) from the center of the gage length for test specimens
14.2 Surface imperfections having a depth not in excess of
having a 2–in. (50 mm) gage length, or is outside of the middle
25 % of the specified nominal wall thickness shall be accept-
third of the gage length for test specimens having an 8–in. (200
able. It shall be permissible to establish the depth of such
mm) gage length, as indicated by scribe scratches marked on
imperfections by grinding or filing.
the specimen before testing. A retest shall also be allowed if
14.3 Surface imperfections having a depth in excess of 25 %
any part of the fracture is in an inside or outside surface
of the specified nominal wall thickness shall be considered to
imperfection.
be defects. It shall be permissible for defects not deeper than
1 16.3 It shall be permissible to discard any test specimen that
33 ⁄3 % of the specified nominal wall thickness to be repaired
shows defective machining or develops imperfections and
by welding, provided that the defect is completely removed
substitute another test specimen.
prior to welding.
17. Retests
15. Ends
17.1 If the results of the tension test representing any lot fail
15.1 Pipe piles shall be furnished with plain ends. Unless
to conform to the applicable requirements prescribed in Tables
otherwise specified, pipe piles shall have either flame–cut or
1 and 2, the lot shall be rejected or retested using two
machine–cut ends, with the burrs at the ends removed. Where
additional lengths from the lot, with each such test being
ends are specified to be beveled, they shall be beveled to an
required to c
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