ASTM C1358-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Monotonic Compressive Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperatures
Standard Test Method for Monotonic Compressive Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperatures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability assessment, and design data generation.
4.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CFCCs) are generally characterized by fine-grain sized (
4.3 Generally, ceramic and ceramic matrix composites have greater resistance to compressive forces than tensile forces. Ideally, ceramics should be compressively stressed in use, although engineering applications may frequently introduce tensile stresses in the component. Nonetheless, compressive behavior is an important aspect of mechanical properties and performance. The compressive strength of ceramic and ceramic composites may not be deterministic Therefore, test a sufficient number of test specimens to gain an insight into strength distributions.
4.4 Compression tests provide information on the strength and deformation of materials under uniaxial compressive stresses. Uniform stress states are required to effectively evaluate any nonlinear stress-strain behavior that may develop as the result of cumulative damage processes (for example, matrix cracking, matrix/fiber debonding, fiber fracture, delamination, etc.) that may be influenced by testing mode, testing rate, effects of processing or combination of constituent materials, or environmental influences. Some of these effects may be consequences of stress corrosion or sub-critical (slow) crack growth which can be minimized by testing at sufficiently rapid rates as outlined in this test method.
4.5 The results of compression tests of test specimens fabricated to standardized dimensions from a particulate material or selected portions of a part, or both, may not totally represent the strength and deformation properties of the entire, full-size product or its in-service behavior in different environments.
4.6 For quality control purposes, results derived from standardized compressive test specimens may be considered in...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of compressive strength including stress-strain behavior under monotonic uniaxial loading of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramics at ambient temperatures. This test method addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries as listed in the appendix. In addition, test specimen fabrication methods, testing modes (force, displacement, or strain control), testing rates (force rate, stress rate, displacement rate, or strain rate), allowable bending, and data collection and reporting procedures are addressed. Compressive strength as used in this test method refers to the compressive strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial loading where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement: uni-directional (1–D), bi-directional (2–D), and tri-directional (3–D) or other multi-directional reinforcements. In addition, this test method may also be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1–D, 2–D, 3–D, and other multi-directional continuous fiber reinforcements. This test method does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard and are in accordance with SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 .
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to Section 7 for specific precautions.
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Designation: C1358 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Monotonic Compressive Strength Testing of Continuous
Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular
1
Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperatures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1358; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to Section 7
for specific precautions.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of compres-
sive strength including stress-strain behavior under monotonic
2. Referenced Documents
uniaxial loading of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ce-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ramics at ambient temperatures. This test method addresses,
C1145Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
but is not restricted to, various suggested test specimen
D695Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
geometries as listed in the appendix. In addition, test specimen
Plastics
fabrication methods, testing modes (force, displacement, or
D3379TestMethodforTensileStrengthandYoung’sModu-
strain control), testing rates (force rate, stress rate, displace-
lus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials
ment rate, or strain rate), allowable bending, and data collec-
D3410/D3410MTest Method for Compressive Properties of
tion and reporting procedures are addressed. Compressive
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported
strength as used in this test method refers to the compressive
Gage Section by Shear Loading
strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial loading where
D3479/D3479MTest Method for Tension-Tension Fatigue
monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no
of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
1.2 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic
D6856Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Com-
matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement: uni-
posite Materials
directional (1–D), bi-directional (2–D), and tri-directional
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
(3–D) or other multi-directional reinforcements. In addition,
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
this test method may also be used with glass (amorphous)
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
matrix composites with 1–D, 2–D, 3–D, and other multi-
someter Systems
directional continuous fiber reinforcements. This test method
E337Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced,
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced ceramics, al-
peratures)
though the test methods detailed here may be equally appli-
E1012Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
cable to these composites.
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Force Application
standard and are in accordance with SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI
SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard
10 .
for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The
Modern Metric System
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The definitions of terms relating to compressive
testing, advanced ceramics, and fiber-reinforced composites,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on
2
Ceramic Matrix Composites. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013. Published March 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1358–11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1358-13 the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1358 − 13
appearing in Terminology E6, Test Method D695, Practice 3.2.12 slow crack growth (SCG), n—subcritical crack
E1012, Terminology C1145, Test Method D3410/D3410M, growth (extension) which may result from, but is not restricted
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1358 − 11 C1358 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Monotonic Compressive Strength Testing of Continuous
Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular
1
Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperatures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1358; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of compressive strength including stress-strain behavior under monotonic
uniaxial loading of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramics at ambient temperatures. This test method addresses, but is not
restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries as listed in the appendix. In addition, test specimen fabrication methods,
testing modes (force, displacement, or strain control), testing rates (force rate, stress rate, displacement rate, or strain rate),
allowable bending, and data collection and reporting procedures are addressed. Compressive strength as used in this test method
refers to the compressive strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial loading where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test
rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement:
uni-directional (1–D), bi-directional (2–D), and tri-directional (3–D) or other multi-directional reinforcements. In addition, this test
method may also be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1–D, 2–D, 3–D, and other multi-directional continuous
fiber reinforcements. This test method does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-
reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard and are in accordance with SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 .
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Refer to Section 7 for specific precautions.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
D695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
D3379 Test Method for Tensile Strength and Young’s Modulus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials
D3410/D3410M Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage
Section by Shear Loading
D3479/D3479M Test Method for Tension-Tension Fatigue of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D6856 Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Composite Materials
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force
Application
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on Ceramic Matrix
Composites.
Current edition approved July 15, 2011Feb. 15, 2013. Published August 2011March 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
C1358 – 05.C1358 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C1358-1110.1520/C1358-13
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1358 − 13
SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric
System
3. Terminology
3.1 Defin
...
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