ASTM E1494-18
(Practice)Standard Practice for Testing Physical Properties of Friable Surfacing Materials
Standard Practice for Testing Physical Properties of Friable Surfacing Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide test methods and performance criteria involving encapsulants for surfacing material on an asbestos abatement project in accordance with Practice E1368, including the application of encapsulants to the surfacing material as an abatement measure and the removal of existing encapsulated surfacing material.
4.1.1 Abatement projects involving application of encapsulants require coverage, penetration, and cohesion/adhesion tests to determine encapsulation requirements during project design, on test patches, and at conclusion of the project to determine completeness of abatement.
4.1.2 Removal projects requires penetration tests during project design on test patches to determine thicknesses of encapsulated and un-encapsulated surfacing material.
4.2 The test methods and performance criteria described in this practice may also be used during a Project Design Survey in accordance with Practice E2356 to provide information for preparing the plans and specifications for applying or removing the encapsulated surfacing material.
4.3 Asbestos-containing surfacing materials installed in buildings may include fireproofing, acoustical and decorative plaster, and soundproofing. Properties not directly addressed in this practice may be important and appropriate test methods should be considered. See Test Methods E84, E119, and E605, and 1-GP-205M2003.
4.4 The test methods described in this practice are designed to (1) determine the depth of penetration, or lack thereof, of the encapsulant into the matrix of the surfacing material, (2) determine the coverage of the encapsulant on the surfacing material, and (3) to determine the adhesive and cohesive properties of the encapsulated surfacing material.
4.5 Compliance with the acceptance criteria in this practice and with referenced specifications does not guarantee that the abatement project will pass the visual inspection for completeness of clean-up in Practice E1368, or t...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers encapsulants intended to reduce or eliminate the release of asbestos fibers from a matrix of friable spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing surfacing material.
1.2 This practice includes a series of determinations to be conducted in the field on asbestos abatement projects for which encapsulation is being considered or has been performed.
1.3 This practice is to be used to determine the appropriateness of encapsulation as an abatement measure in accordance with Practice E1368, as part of a Project Design Survey in accordance with Practice E2356, and to demonstrate completeness of abatement in accordance with Practice E1368. Performance of the encapsulated surfacing material for other purposes is not within the scope of this practice. Use Test Methods E84, E119, and E605 to determine other properties of the material.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 Warning—Asbestos fibers are acknowledged carcinogens. Breathing asbestos fibers can result in disease of the lungs including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.2 Precautions in this standard practice should be taken to avoid creating and breathing airborne particles from materials known or suspected to contain asbestos. See 2.3 for regulatory requirements addressing asbestos.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles fo...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1494 − 18
Standard Practice for
1
Testing Physical Properties of Friable Surfacing Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1494; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This practice covers encapsulants intended to reduce or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
eliminate the release of asbestos fibers from a matrix of friable
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing surfacing mate-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
rial.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This practice includes a series of determinations to be
2. Referenced Documents
conductedinthefieldonasbestosabatementprojectsforwhich
3
encapsulation is being considered or has been performed.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
1.3 This practice is to be used to determine the appropriate-
Building Materials
ness of encapsulation as an abatement measure in accordance
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
with Practice E1368, as part of a Project Design Survey in
and Materials
accordance with Practice E2356, and to demonstrate complete-
E605 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Sprayed
ness of abatement in accordance with Practice E1368. Perfor-
Fire-Resistive Material (SFRM) Applied to Structural
mance of the encapsulated surfacing material for other pur-
Members
posesisnotwithinthescopeofthispractice.UseTestMethods
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E84, E119, and E605 to determine other properties of the
E736 Test Method for Cohesion/Adhesion of Sprayed Fire-
material.
Resistive Materials Applied to Structural Members
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E1368 Practice for Visual Inspection ofAsbestosAbatement
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Projects
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
E2356 Practice for Comprehensive Building Asbestos Sur-
tion only and are not considered standard.
veys
2.2 Other Standards:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1-GP-205M2003 Sealer for Application to Asbestos-Fiber
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4
Releasing Materials
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.3 EPA and OSHA Regulations:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
40 CFR Part 763 Subpart E, Appendix C (Model Accredita-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tion Plan) Environmental Protection Agency, February 3,
1.6 Warning—Asbestos fibers are acknowledged carcino-
5
1994
gens. Breathing asbestos fibers can result in disease of the
2
29CFR1926.1101 OccupationalExposuretoAsbestos(Con-
lungs including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.
struction Industry Standard), Occupational Safety and
Precautions in this standard practice should be taken to avoid
6
Health Administration, August 10, 1994
creating and breathing airborne particles from materials known
or suspected to contain asbestos. See 2.3 for regulatory
requirements addressing asbestos.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 4
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM D22 on Air Quality and is the Available from Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), 11 Laurier St.,
direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling and Analysis of Phase III, Place du Portage, Gatineau, Quebec K1A0S5, Canada, http://www.tpsgc-
Asbestos. pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb.
5
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published July 2018. Originally approved AvailablefromUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),William
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1494 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/ Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
E1494-18. http://www.epa.gov.
2 6
“Elimination of Asbestos-Related Diseases,” World Health Organization, Sep- Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200
tember 2006. Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, htt
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1494 − 12 E1494 − 18
Standard Practice for
Encapsulation Testing Physical Properties of Friable
1
Asbestos-Containing Surfacing Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1494; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers encapsulants intended to reduce or eliminate the release of asbestos fibers from a matrix of friable
spray- or trowel-applied asbestos-containing surfacing material.
1.2 This practice includes a series of determinations to be conducted in the field on asbestos abatement projects for which
encapsulation is being considered or has been performed.
1.3 This practice is to be used to determine the appropriateness of encapsulation as an abatement measure in accordance with
Practice E1368, as part of a Project Design Survey in accordance with Practice E2356, and to demonstrate completeness of
abatement in accordance with Practice E1368. Performance of the encapsulated surfacing material for other purposes is not within
the scope of this practice. Use Test Methods E84, E119, and E605 to determine other properties of the material.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 Warning—Asbestos fibers are acknowledged carcinogens. Breathing asbestos fibers can result in disease of the lungs
2
including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. Precautions in this standard practice should be taken to avoid creating and
breathing airborne particles from materials known or suspected to contain asbestos. See 2.3 for regulatory requirements addressing
asbestos.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
E605 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material (SFRM) Applied to Structural Members
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E736 Test Method for Cohesion/Adhesion of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Materials Applied to Structural Members
E1368 Practice for Visual Inspection of Asbestos Abatement Projects
E2356 Practice for Comprehensive Building Asbestos Surveys
2.2 Other Standards:
4
1-GP-205M2003 Sealer for Application to Asbestos-Fiber Releasing Materials
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012July 1, 2018. Published July 2012July 2018. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20102012 as
E1494 – 92 (2010).E1494 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/E1494-12.10.1520/E1494-18.
2
“Elimination of Asbestos-Related Diseases,” World Health Organization, September 2006.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), Place du Portage III, 6B1 11 Laurier Street Gatineau, QuebecK1A 1G6 Canada, http://www.tpsgc-
pwgsc.gc.ca/cgsb.11 Laurier St., Phase III, Place du Portage, Gatineau, Quebec K1A 0S5, Canada, http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E1494 − 18
2.3 EPA and OSHA Regulation
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