ASTM D5994-10

Standard Test Method for Measuring Core Thickness of Textured Geomembrane

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thickness is one of the basic index properties used to control and track the quality of many geomembranes. Additionally, many mechanical properties (for example, tensile yield strength, puncture strength, etc.) can be related to core thickness. Core thickness values may also be required in calculation of some parameters such as diffusion coefficients or tensile stresses.
The measured core thickness of geomembranes may vary considerably depending on the pressure applied to the specimen during measurement. To reduce variation in measurements and the chance of unrealistically low values due to excessively high pressures, a specific gauge point geometry and applied force are prescribed in this test method.  
The test method is applicable to all commonly available textured geomembranes that are deployed as manufactured geomembrane sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure to measure the core thickness of textured geomembranes.
1.2 This test method does not provide thickness values for geomembranes under variable normal stresses.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2010
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.10 - Geomembranes

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5994-98(2003) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Core Thickness of Textured Geomembrane
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5514/D5514M-18 - Standard Test Method for Large-Scale Hydrostatic Puncture Testing of Geosynthetics
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5994 − 10
StandardTest Method for
1
Measuring Core Thickness of Textured Geomembranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5994; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.2 geomembrane, n—anessentiallyimpermeablegeosyn-
thetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets. D4439
1.1 This test method covers a procedure to measure the core
thickness of textured geomembranes.
3.2.3 pressure, n—the force or load per unit area.
1.2 This test method does not provide thickness values for
3.2.4 textured geomembrane, n—a geomembrane having
geomembranes under variable normal stresses.
one or both surfaces intentionally manufactured with projec-
tions or indentations, most commonly for the purpose of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
providing increased shear strength against adjacent materials.
standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are for
information only.
3.2.5 thickness, n—the perpendicular distance between one
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
surface and its opposite.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.6 thickness gauge points, n—the tips of a thickness
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
gauge which contact the upper and lower geomembrane
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
surfaces, and between which the thickness is measured.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 The core thickness of a textured geomembrane is
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled
calculated as the average value of measurements taken on
Erosion Control Products(RECPs) for Testing
replicate specimens of the sample under investigation. The
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
thicknessofeachspecimenismeasuredataspecificlocationas
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
thedistancebetweentwogaugepoints.Theopposingthickness
ASTM Test Methods
gauge points are manufactured to a defined geometry, with a
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
specified force of 0.56 6 0.05 N (2.0 6 0.2 oz) applied along
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
their axis.
E2554 Practice for Estimating and Monitoring the Uncer-
tainty of Test Results of a Test Method Using Control
5. Significance and Use
Chart Techniques
5.1 Thickness is one of the basic index properties used to
3. Terminology control and track the quality of many geomembranes.
Additionally, many mechanical properties (for example, tensile
3.1 For definitions of other terms relating to geomembranes
yield strength, puncture strength, etc.) can be related to core
used in this test method, refer to the Terminology D4439.
thickness. Core thickness values may also be required in
3.2 Definitions:
calculation of some parameters such as diffusion coefficients or
3.2.1 core thickness, n—the average thickness of a textured
tensile stresses.
geomembrane as measured using this particular test method.
5.2 The measured core thickness of geomembranes may
vary considerably depending on the pressure applied to the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
specimenduringmeasurement.Toreducevariationinmeasure-
GeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.10onGeomem-
ments and the chance of unrealistically low values due to
branes.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originally
excessively high pressures, a specific gauge point geometry
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5994–98(2003).
and applied force are prescribed in this test method.
DOI: 10.1520/D5994-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.3 The test method is applicable to all commonly available
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
textured geomembranes that are deployed as manufactured
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. geomembrane sheets.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5994 − 10
6. Apparatus beyond the edge of the gauge points by 10 mm (0.4 in.) in all
directions. It is recommended to use circular test specimens of
6.1 Thickness Gauge—The thickness gauge shall be of the
approximately 75 mm (3 in.) diameter.
dead-weight type capable of measuring to an accuracy of at
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5994–98 (Reapproved 2003) Designation:D5994–10
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Core Thickness of Textured Geomembranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5994; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure to measure the core thickness of textured geomembranes.
1.2 This test method does not provide thickness values for geomembranes under variable normal stresses.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics Terminology for Geosynthetics
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E2554 Practice for Estimating and Monitoring the Uncertainty of Test Results of a Test Method in a Single Laboratory Using
a Control Sample Program
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions:
3.1.1
3.1 For definitions of other terms relating to geomembranes used in this test method, refer to the Terminology D4439.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 core thickness, n—the average thickness of a textured geomembrane as measured using this particular test method.
3.1.2
3.2.2 geomembrane, n—an essentially impermeable geosynthetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets. (D4439)
3.1.3thickness gage points, n—the tips of a thickness gage which contact the upper and lower geomembrane surfaces, and
between which the thickness is measured.
3.1.4—an essentially impermeable geosynthetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets. D4439
3.2.3 pressure, n—the force or load per unit area.
3.1.5
3.2.4 textured geomembrane, n—a geomembrane having one or both surfaces intentionally manufactured with projections or
indentations, most commonly for the purpose of providing increased shear strength against adjacent materials.
3.1.6
3.2.5 thickness, n—the perpendicular distance between one surface and its opposite.
3.1.7For definitions of other terms relating to geomembranes used in this test method, refer to the Terminology D4439.
3.2.6 thickness gauge points, n—the tips of a thickness gauge which contact the upper and lower geomembrane surfaces, and
between which the thickness is measured.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.
Current edition approved May 10, 1998. Published January 1999. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D5994–98 DOI:
10.1520/D5994-98R03.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5994–98(2003). DOI:
10.1520/D5994-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5994–10
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The core thickness of a textured geomembrane is calculated as the average value of measurements taken on replicate
specimens of the sample under investigation. The thickness of each specimen is measured at a specific location as the distance
between two gauge points. The opposing thickness gauge points are manufactured to a defined geometry, with a specified force
of 0.56 6 0.05 N (2.0 6 0.2 oz) applied along their axis.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Thickness is one of the basic index properties used to control and track the quality of many geomembranes. Additionally,
many mechanical properties (for example, tensile yield strength, puncture strength, etc.) can
...