ASTM F1502-05(2016)

Standard Test Method for Static Measurements on Tires for Passenger Cars, Light Trucks, and Medium Duty Vehicles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Static measurements of tires are important to tire manufacturers, processing engineers, and vehicle design engineers for purposes of commerce (in consumer/vendor agreements) and in tire research and development.  
4.2 The procedures are sufficiently detailed to achieve commercially acceptable reproducibility among laboratories and may therefore be used for specification, compliance, or reference purposes.  
4.3 Changes attributable to growth after inflation may be obtained by comparing measurements made immediately after inflation with those made 18 to 24 h later.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers methods for performing certain mechanical static measurements on tires. The term “static” implies that the tire is not rotating while measurements are being made.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2015
• ICS: 83.160.10 - Road vehicle tyres
• Technical Committee: F09 - Tires
• Drafting Committee: F09.30 - Laboratory (Non-Vehicular) Testing

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1502 − 05 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Static Measurements on Tires for Passenger Cars, Light
Trucks, and Medium Duty Vehicles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 overall width, n—the maximum cross-sectional width
of a tire, including protective or decorative ribs.
1.1 This test method covers methods for performing certain
3.1.3 tire weight, n—the weight of an unmounted tire
mechanical static measurements on tires. The term “static”
without tube or flap.
implies that the tire is not rotating while measurements are
being made.
3.1.4 tread arc width, n—the length of the arc measured
from one extreme of the tread design proper to the opposite
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
extreme; that is, from shoulder to shoulder perpendicular to the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
circumferential center line.
only.
3.1.5 tread hardness, n—the hardness of an element in the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tread design as measured by a designated standard gage.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.6 tread radius, n—the radius of a circle whose arc best
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
fits the tread surface when the radius template used is held
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
perpendicular to the circumferential center line of an inflated
tire.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 For additional definitions of terms used in this test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
method, refer to Terminology F538.
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
ness
4. Significance and Use
F421 Test Method for Measuring Groove and Void Depth in
4.1 Static measurements of tires are important to tire
Passenger Car Tires
manufacturers, processing engineers, and vehicle design engi-
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-
neers for purposes of commerce (in consumer/vendor agree-
formance of Tires
ments) and in tire research and development.
F870 Practice for Tread Footprints of Passenger Car Tires
4.2 The procedures are sufficiently detailed to achieve
Groove Area Fraction and Dimensional Measurements
commercially acceptable reproducibility among laboratories
F1082 Practice for Tires—Determining Precision for Test
and may therefore be used for specification, compliance, or
Method Standards (Withdrawn 2005)
reference purposes.
3. Terminology
4.3 Changes attributable to growth after inflation may be
3.1 Definitions:
obtained by comparing measurements made immediately after
3.1.1 outside diameter, n—the maximum diameter of a tire
inflation with those made 18 to 24 h later.
when it is mounted and inflated.
5. Tire Marking
5.1 For measurements other than weight, the tire shall be
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-
marked at six equally spaced locations around the circumfer-
Vehicular) Testing.
ence. Starting at the DOT serial, make radial lines from bead to
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally
bead, perpendicular to the tread center line, at 60-degree
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F1502 – 05 (2010).
intervals. Number the resulting sections “1” through “6” in a
DOI: 10.1520/F1502-05R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
clockwise sequence as viewed from the side containing the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
serial number.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1502 − 05 (2016)
FIG. 1 Type C: Tread Contour with a Center-Low Oxbow
FIG. 3 Overall Width Measurement
6.2.4 Anchor the end of a “diameter” (pi) tape in the tread
center (or other maximum diameter location, that is, center low
oxbow (Fig. 1)), at any circumferential location. Use a thumb-
tack if necessary. See Fig. 2.
6.2.5 Carefully align the tape around the tire circumference
so that it is parallel to the plane of the tread center line. Read
FIG. 2 Outside Diameter Measurement
and record the indicated diameter.
6.3 Overall Width:
6.3.1 Mount and condition the test tire as in 6.2.1 – 6.2.3.
6. Procedures
6.3.2 Use an outside caliper or other direct-reading device
that is graduated in 0.25 mm (0.01 in.). See Figs. 3 and 4.
6.1 Tire Weight:
6.3.3 The measured overall width shall include protective
6.1.1 Weigh the test tire on a scale with accuracy to 0.045 kg
side ribs, bars, and decorations.
(0.1 lb) in the required range. A scale of 0-90 kg (0-200 lb) has
6.3.4 Section width can be obtained by subtracting heights
been found to be satisfactory for tires within the scope of this
of sidewall protuberances from the overall width obtained in
test method.
6.3.3.
6.1.2 The scale used should be calibrated with weights
6.3.5 Record individual and average overall width measure-
traceable to the National Institute of Standards Technology
ments from 6.3.3 to the nearest 0.25 mm (0.01 in.) from at least
(NIST).
three equally spaced circumferential locations as marked in
6.2 Outside Diameter:
5.1.
6.2.1 Mount the test tire on a rim of the correct diameter for
6.4 Tread Radius:
the tire size and the measuring rim width listed for that tire in
6.4.1 Prepare the tire as in 6.2.1 – 6.2.3.
the current yearbook of the Tire and Rim Association (or
5,6
6.4.2 Tread radius templates commonly have radii ranging
applicable document ), unless another width is chosen.
from 120 mm (4.75 in.) to 300 mm (12.0 in.) in 12.8-mm
6.2.2 Inflate the tire to the maximum pressure given on the
(0.50-in.) increments and from 300 mm (12.0 in.) to 900 mm
sidewall unless another pressure has been chosen. Do not
(35.5 in.) in 12.8-mm (0.50-in.) increments. Choose the one
exceed the maximum pressure given on the sidewall. Record
that most closely fits the tread arc defined by one of the
the value used. Allow 24 h for inflation growth and adjust
following types of contour. See Fig. 5.
pressure if necessary.
6.2.3 The assembly of wheel and inflated tire shall be in
NOTE 1—For tires outside or different from these most popular tread
radius contours, that is, extreme low profile types, identify those radii that
temperature equilibrium with the environment in which the
most closely define the tread contour.
measurements are to be made. This can usually be achieved in
3 h at room temperature, 24 6 8°C (75 6 15°F). Record 6.4.2.1 Type A Single (Primary) (seeFig. 6)—This type is
ambient temperature at the time of measurements.
characterized by a tread arc that can be uniformly contacted by
one of the templates. Choose the one that most closely fits the
arc defined by three points, the tread center, and two shoulders.
Since a perfectly uniform radius is not always attainable, other
Current yearbook of the Tire and Rim Association available from the Tire and
typical variations are discussed as means for arriving at a best
Rim Association, Inc., 175 Montrose Avenue, West, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321.
Current yearbook of the European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization
descriptive fit.
available from the ETRTO, 32 Avenue Brugmann, 1060 Brussels, Belgium.
6.4.2.2 Type B Dual, Drop Shoulder (see Fig. 7)—This type
Current yearbook of the Japan Automotive Tire Manufacturers’ Association
th is characterized by the inability to fit a single-radius template
Inc. available from JATMA, 8 floor, No. 33 Mori Bldg., 3-8-21 Toranomon
Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan 105-0001. across the entire tread because of drops at the shoulders.
F1502 − 05 (2016)
FIG. 7 Type B: Tread Contour with a Dual Radius
FIG. 4 Overall Width Measurement
FIG. 8 Type D: Tread Contour with a Center-High Oxbow Style
6.5 Tread Hardness:
6.5.1 Prepare the test tire as in 6.2.1 – 6.2.3.
6.5.2 Mount the tire/wheel unit in a test fixture or stand it on
a smooth surface so that its wheel axis is parallel to that
surface.
6.5.3 An A-scale durometer hardness gage may be used.
Report the brand name of the one chosen.
6.5.4 Make measurements in smooth and flat areas of the six
FIG. 5 Tread Radius Measurement
tread sections marked off in 5.1 (see Fig. 9). Avoid placing the
probe near sipes, mold vents, or edges of tread elements.
6.5.5 Results on crown and shoulder elements should be
recorded separately since they may differ from each other.
6.5.6 Apply the gage rapidly, in a manner prescribed in Test
Method D2240, in a direction perpendicular to the tread
surface, using enough force to ensure that the gate plate lies flat
FIG. 6 Type A: Tread Contour with a Single Radius
against the surface.
6.5.7 Hardness readings should be taken quickly, within 1 s
after the application of force. Report the average hardness
Choose the one that most closely fits the center portion of the reading, the nearest scale division, for the area measur
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1502 − 05 (Reapproved 2010) F1502 − 05 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Static Measurements on Tires for Passenger Cars, Light
Trucks, and Medium Duty Vehicles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers methods for performing certain mechanical static measurements on tires. The term “static” implies
that the tire is not rotating while measurements are being made.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
F421 Test Method for Measuring Groove and Void Depth in Passenger Car Tires
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
F870 Practice for Tread Footprints of Passenger Car Tires Groove Area Fraction and Dimensional Measurements
F1082 Practice for Tires—Determining Precision for Test Method Standards (Withdrawn 2005)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 outside diameter, n—the maximum diameter of a tire when it is mounted and inflated.
3.1.2 overall width, n—the maximum cross-sectional width of a tire, including protective or decorative ribs.
3.1.3 tire weight, n—the weight of an unmounted tire without tube or flap.
3.1.4 tread arc width, n—the length of the arc measured from one extreme of the tread design proper to the opposite extreme;
that is, from shoulder to shoulder perpendicular to the circumferential center line.
3.1.5 tread hardness, n—the hardness of an element in the tread design as measured by a designated standard gage.
3.1.6 tread radius, n—the radius of a circle whose arc best fits the tread surface when the radius template used is held
perpendicular to the circumferential center line of an inflated tire.
3.2 For additional definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology F538.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Static measurements of tires are important to tire manufacturers, processing engineers, and vehicle design engineers for
purposes of commerce (in consumer/vendor agreements) and in tire research and development.
4.2 The procedures are sufficiently detailed to achieve commercially acceptable reproducibility among laboratories and may
therefore be used for specification, compliance, or reference purposes.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-Vehicular)
Testing.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2016. Published March 2011February 2016. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
ε1
F1502 – 05 (2010). . DOI: 10.1520/F1502-05R10.10.1520/F1502-05R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1502 − 05 (2016)
FIG. 1 Type C: Tread Contour with a Center-Low Oxbow
4.3 Changes attributable to growth after inflation may be obtained by comparing measurements made immediately after
inflation with those made 18 to 24 h later.
5. Tire Marking
5.1 For measurements other than weight, the tire shall be marked at six equally spaced locations around the circumference.
Starting at the DOT serial, make radial lines from bead to bead, perpendicular to the tread center line, at 60-degree intervals.
Number the resulting sections “1” through “6” in a clockwise sequence as viewed from the side containing the serial number.
F1502 − 05 (2016)
FIG. 2 Outside Diameter Measurement
6. Procedures
6.1 Tire Weight:
6.1.1 Weigh the test tire on a scale with accuracy to 0.045 kg (0.1 lb) in the required range. A scale of 0-90 kg (0-200 lb) has
been found to be satisfactory for tires within the scope of this test method.
6.1.2 The scale used should be calibrated with weights traceable to the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST).
6.2 Outside Diameter:
6.2.1 Mount the test tire on a rim of the correct diameter for the tire size and the measuring rim width listed for that tire in the
4 5,6
current yearbook of the Tire and Rim Association (or applicable document ), unless another width is chosen.
6.2.2 Inflate the tire to the maximum pressure given on the sidewall unless another pressure has been chosen. Do not exceed
the maximum pressure given on the sidewall. Record the value used. Allow 24 h for inflation growth and adjust pressure if
necessary.
6.2.3 The assembly of wheel and inflated tire shall be in temperature equilibrium with the environment in which the
measurements are to be made. This can usually be achieved in 3 h at room temperature, 24 6 8°C (75 6 15°F). Record ambient
temperature at the time of measurements.
6.2.4 Anchor the end of a “diameter” (pi) tape in the tread center (or other maximum diameter location, that is, center low
oxbow (Fig. 1)), at any circumferential location. Use a thumbtack if necessary. See Fig. 2.
6.2.5 Carefully align the tape around the tire circumference so that it is parallel to the plane of the tread center line. Read and
record the indicated diameter.
6.3 Overall Width:
6.3.1 Mount and condition the test tire as in 6.2.1 – 6.2.3.
6.3.2 Use an outside caliper or other direct-reading device that is graduated in 0.25 mm (0.01 in.). See Figs. 3 and 4.
6.3.3 The measured overall width shall include protective side ribs, bars, and decorations.
6.3.4 Section width can be obtained by subtracting heights of sidewall protuberances from the overall width obtained in 6.3.3.
6.3.5 Record individual and average overall width measurements from 6.3.3 to the nearest 0.25 mm (0.01 in.) from at least three
equally spaced circumferential locations as marked in 5.1.
6.4 Tread Radius:
6.4.1 Prepare the tire as in 6.2.1 – 6.2.3.
6.4.2 Tread radius templates commonly have radii ranging from 120 mm (4.75 in.) to 300 mm (12.0 in.) in 12.8-mm (0.50-in.)
increments and from 300 mm (12.0 in.) to 900 mm (35.5 in.) in 12.8-mm (0.50-in.) increments. Choose the one that most closely
fits the tread arc defined by one of the following types of contour. See Fig. 5.
NOTE 1—For tires outside or different from these most popular tread radius contours, that is, extreme low profile types, identify those radii that most
closely define the tread contour.
6.4.2.1 Type A Single (Primary) (seeFig. 6)—This type is characterized by a tread arc that can be uniformly contacted by one
of the templates. Choose the one that most closely fits the arc defined by three points, the tread center, and two shoulders. Since
a perfectly uniform radius is not always attainable, other typical variations are discussed as means for arriving at a best descriptive
fit.
Current yearbook of the Tire and Rim Association available from the Tire and Rim Association, Inc., 175 Montrose Avenue, West, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321.
Current yearbook of the European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization available from the ETRTO, 32 Avenue Brugmann, 1060 Brussels, Belgium.
th
Current yearbook of the Japan Automotive Tire Manufacturers’ Association Inc. available from JATMA, 8 floor, No. 33 Mori Bldg., 3-8-21 Toranomon Minato-ku,
Tokyo, Japan 105-0001.
F1502 − 05 (2016)
FIG. 3 Overall Width Measurement
FIG. 4 Overall Width Measurement
FIG. 5 Tread Radius Measurement
6.4.2.2 Type B Dual, Drop Shoulder (see Fig. 7)—This type is characterized by the inability to fit a single-radius template across
the entire tread because of drops at the shoulders. Choose the one that most closely fits the center portion of the tread, ignoring
the shoulder drop. A secondary radius of the shoulders can then be determined to obtain a more complete description of the tread
contour.
6.4.2.3 Type C, Center-Low Oxbow (see Fig. 1)—This type is characterized by a center contour that drops too low to be fitted
by any of the standard templates. This is the only contour type for which the central area is not of prime importance. Choose the
template that best fits the intermediate and shoulder areas. Do not confuse Type C with Type B secondary contour as shown in Fig.
7.
F1502 − 05 (2016)
FIG. 6 Type A: Tread Contour with a Single Radius
FIG. 7 Type B: Tread Contour with a Dual Radius
6.4.2.4 Type D, Center-High Oxbow (see Fig. 8)—This type is characterized by raised center ribs accompanied by a depressed
intermediate area and another raised area at the shoulders, so that a gap exists in the mid-point areas. Choose the template that most
closely fits the tread center
...