ASTM A234/A234M-23a

Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. The material for fittings shall consist of killed steel, forgings, bars, plates, seamless or fusion-welded tubular products with filler metal added. Forging or shaping operations may be performed by hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, bending, fusion welding, machining, or by a combination of two or more of these operations. The forming procedure shall be so applied that it will not produce injurious imperfections in the fittings. Fittings, after forming at an elevated temperature, shall be cooled to a temperature below the critical range under suitable conditions to prevent injurious defects caused by too rapid cooling, but in no case more rapidly than the cooling rate in still air. The fittings shall be subjected to tension test, hardness test, and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, MSS-SP-79, MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, and MSS-SP-97. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. Fittings differing from these ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M.  
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired. When desired, one or more of these supplementary requirements may be specified in the order.  
1.3 This specification does not cover cast welding fittings or fittings machined from castings. Cast steel welding fittings are governed by Specifications A216/A216M and A217/A217M.  
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2023
• ICS: 23.040.40 - Metal fittings
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A234/A234M − 23a Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Standard Specification for
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
1
Moderate and High Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A234/A234M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2 mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This specification covers wrought carbon steel and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered
by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, MSS-SP-79,
2. Referenced Documents
MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, and MSS-SP-97. These fittings are
for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for 2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed in
Specification A960/A960M, the following list of standards
service at moderate and elevated temperatures. Fittings differ-
ing from these ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in apply to this specification.
3
accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specifi-
2.2 ASTM Standards:
cation A960/A960M.
A105/A105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for
Piping Applications
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired. When A216/A216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suit-
able for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
desired, one or more of these supplementary requirements may
be specified in the order. A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic
Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-
1.3 This specification does not cover cast welding fittings or
able for High-Temperature Service
fittings machined from castings. Cast steel welding fittings are
A960/A960M Specification for Common Requirements for
governed by Specifications A216/A216M and A217/A217M.
Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
4
2.3 ASME Standards:
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
B16.9 Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
4
2.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Section III
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
Section V
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
Section VIII, Division 1
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
Section IX
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
5
2.5 MSS Standards:
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
MSS-SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,
standard.
Flanges, and Unions
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
MSS-SP-79 Socket Welding Reducer Inserts
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting the ASTM website.
4
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as A234/A234M – 23. www.asme.org.
5
DOI: 10.1520/A0234_A0234M-23A. Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
cation SA-234 in Section II of that Code. hq.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Ha
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A234/A234M − 23 A234/A234M − 23a Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Standard Specification for
Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
1
Moderate and High Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A234/A234M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the
latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, MSS-SP-79, MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, and MSS-SP-97. These fittings are for use in
pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. Fittings differing from these
ASME and MSS standards shall be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M.
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for fittings where a greater degree of examination is desired. When desired,
one or more of these supplementary requirements may be specified in the order.
1.3 This specification does not cover cast welding fittings or fittings machined from castings. Cast steel welding fittings are
governed by Specifications A216/A216M and A217/A217M.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed in Specification A960/A960M, the following list of standards apply to this
specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023May 1, 2023. Published March 2023May 2023. Originally approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 20222023 as
A234/A234M – 22.A234/A234M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/A0234_A0234M-23.10.1520/A0234_A0234M-23A.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-234 in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A234/A234M − 23a
3
2.2 ASTM Standards:
A105/A105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
A216/A216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
A960/A960M Specification for Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
4
2.3 ASME Standards:
B16.9 Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded
4
2.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section III
Section V
Section VIII, Division 1
Section IX
5
2.5 MSS Standards:
MSS-SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions
MSS-SP-79 Socket Welding Reducer Inserts
MSS-SP-83 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
MSS-SP-95 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
MSS-SP-97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings—Socket Welding, Threaded and Buttwelding Ends
6
2.6 ASNT Standard:
SNT-
...