ASTM D5279-21

Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastics material. The data obtained may be used for quality control, research and development, and establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus temperature provide graphical representations indicative of physical and mechanical properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions.  
5.3 This test method can be used to assess  
5.3.1 The modulus as a function of temperature,  
5.3.2 The modulus as a function of frequency,  
5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation,  
5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping,  
5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus, and  
5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives that might affect processability or performance.  
5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM materials specifications, then the default conditions apply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The torsional data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.  
1.2 This test method is intended to provide means for determining the torsional modulus of plastics as a function of temperature using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, as outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage), loss (viscous), and complex moduli and tan delta, as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.  
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.  
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled without changing the observed data by reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.  
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 7.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2021
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.10 - Mechanical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5279 − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This test method covers the use of dynamic mechanical
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and com-
posite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded
2. Referenced Documents
directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
torsional data generated may be used to identify the thermo-
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
mechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-
1.2 This test method is intended to provide means for
ties: Determination and Report of Procedures
determining the torsional modulus of plastics as a function of
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
temperature using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, as
Properties
outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage), loss
(viscous), and complex moduli and tan delta, as a function of
3. Terminology
frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant
3.1 For definitions applicable to this test method, refer to
transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the poly-
Terminology D4092.
meric material system.
3
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 Thistestmethodisvalidforawiderangeoffrequencies,
typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear
modulus of plastics using dynamic mechanical techniques. A
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained
under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differ- test specimen of rectangular cross section is tested in dynamic
torsion. The specimen is gripped longitudinally between two
ences from results observed in another study can usually be
reconciled without changing the observed data by reporting in clamps. The specimen of known geometry is placed in me-
full (as described in this test method) the conditions under chanical torsional displacement at either a fixed frequency, or
which the data were obtained. variable frequencies at either isothermal conditions, or with a
linear temperature increase. The elastic or loss modulus, or
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
both, of the polymeric material system are measured in torsion.
appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Significance and Use
standard.
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of character-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
izing the thermomechanical behavior of plastics material. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
data obtained may be used for quality control, research and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
development, and establishment of optimum processing con-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ditions.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive
NOTE 1—This test method is equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 7. method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by
measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published August 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5279 - 13. DOI: The particular method for measurement of the elastic and loss moduli and tan
10.1520/D5279-21. delta depends upon the individ
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5279 − 13 D5279 − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties
of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly or cut from
sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The torsional data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics
material or composition.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide means for determining the torsional modulus of plastics as a function of temperature
using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, as outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage), loss (viscous), and
complex moduli and tan delta, as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the
thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from
results observed in another study can usually be reconciled without changing the observed data by reporting in full (as described
in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This test method is equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 7.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013July 1, 2021. Published Septmeber 2013August 2021. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20082013
as D5279 - 08.D5279 - 13. DOI: 10.1520/D5279-13.10.1520/D5279-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5279 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions applicable to this test method, refer to Terminology D4092.
3
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear modulus of plastics using dynamic mechanical techniques. A test
specimen of rectangular cross section is tested in dynamic torsion. The specimen is gripped longitudinally between two clamps.
The specimen of known geometry is placed in mechanical torsional displacement at either a fixed frequency, or variable
frequencies at either isothermal conditions, or with a linear temperature increase. The elastic or loss modulus, or both, of the
polymeric material system are measured in torsion.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastics materials using very
small amounts of material. The data obtained may be used for quality control, research and development, and establishment of
optimum processing conditions.
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides
...