ASTM D3701-99a

Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hydrogen content of aviation turbine fuels.
1.2 Use Test Method D 4808 for the determination of hydrogen in other petroleum liquids.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The preferred units are mass percent hydrogen.
1.4  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see 6.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2001
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3701-01 - Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4808-17 - Standard Test Methods for Hydrogen Content of Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Gas Oils, and Residua by Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D240-19 - Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3343-22 - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content of Aviation Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4809-18 - Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7455-19 - Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Petroleum and Lubricant Products for Elemental Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7566-22a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7171-20 - Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Middle Distillate Petroleum Products by Low-Resolution Pulsed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4054-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3701 – 99a An American National Standard
Designation: 338/98
Standard Test Method for
Hydrogen Content of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Low
Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope the hydrogen content (percent mass basis) in the sample.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hydro-
4. Significance and Use
gen content of aviation turbine fuels.
4.1 The combustion quality of aviation turbine fuel has
1.2 Use Test Method D 4808 for the determination of
traditionally been controlled in specifications by such tests as
hydrogen in other petroleum liquids.
smoke point (see Test Method D 1322), smoke volatility index,
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
aromatic content of luminometer number (see Test Method D
standard. The preferred units are mass percent hydrogen.
1740). Evidence is accumulating that a better control of the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
quality may be obtained by limiting the minimum hydrogen
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
content of the fuel.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Existing methods allow the hydrogen content to be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
calculated from other parameters or determined by combustion
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
techniques. The method specified provides a quick, simple, and
precautionary statement, see 6.1.
more precise alternative to these methods.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer —A low-
D 1322 Test Method for Smoke Point of Kerosine and
2 resolution continuous-wave instrument capable of measuring a
Aviation Turbine Fuel
nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen atoms, and fitted with:
D 1740 Test Method for Luminometer Numbers of Avia-
2 5.1.1 Excitation and Detection Coil, of suitable dimensions
tion Turbine Fuels
to contain the test cell.
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
3 5.1.2 Electronic Unit, to control and monitor the magnet and
Petroleum Products
coil and containing:
D 4808 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Light Distil-
5.1.2.1 Circuits, to control and adjust the radio frequency
lates, Middle Distillates, Gas Oils, and Residua by Low-
3 level and audio frequency gain.
Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
5.1.2.2 Integrating Counter, with variable time period in
3. Summary of Test Method seconds.
5.2 Conditioning Block—A block of aluminum alloy drilled
3.1 A sample of the material is compared in a continuous
with holes of sufficient size to accommodate the test cells with
wave, low-resolution, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrom-
the mean height of the sample being at least 20 mm below the
eter with a reference standard sample of a pure hydrocarbon.
The results from the integrator on the instrument are used as a
means of comparing the theoretical hydrogen content of the
This method has been written around the Newport Analyzer Mark IIIF (Oxford
standard with that of the sample, the result being expressed as Analytical Instruments, Ltd., Oxford, England) and the details of the method should
be read in conjunction with the manufacturer’s handbook.
This particular instrument was the only instrument available when the precision
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on program was carried out. Any similar instrument would be accepted into the above
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee method provided the new instrument was adequately correlated and proved to be
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. statistically similar.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1999. Published January 2000. Originally The Newport Analyzer Mark IIIF is no longer in production and is being replaced
published as D 3701 – 78. Last previous edition D 3701 – 99. by the manufacturer with the Newport 4000. The Newport 4000 model instrument
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. has been demonstrated to provide equivalent results to those obtained with the Mark
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. III models which were used to generate the precision data.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3701
top of the conditioning block (see Fig. 1). critical but take care to prevent rapid temperature fluctuations
5.3 Test Cells—Nessler-type tubes of approximately of the instrument and the conditioning block, for example,
100-mL capacity with a nominal external diameter of 34 mm avoid them from direct sunlight or from drafts.
and a nominal internal diameter of 31 mm marked at a distance 8.2 The results obtained during the use of the equipment are
of approximately 51 mm above the bottom of the tube by a ring susceptible to error arising from changes in the magnetic
around the circumference. The variation between the internal environment. Exercise care to ensure that there is a minimum
diameters of the test cells used for the sample and reference of magnetic material in the immediate vicinity of the equip-
material should not be greater than 6 0.5 mm. ment and that this be kept constant throughout the course of a
series of determinations.
NOTE 1—To avoid potential difficulties with tightness when the test cell
8.3 Set the instrument controls to the following conditions:
is introduced into the magnet coil, users are cautioned to avoid test cells
that have nominal external diameters that are greater than 34.2 mm.
NOTE 2—On new NMR instruments with variable gates the gate should
be set at 1.5 gauss to comply with nonvariable gate instruments.
5.4 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Plugs for Closing Test
Radio frequency level 20 μA
Cells—Plugs as shown in Fig. 1 made from pure PTFE and a
Audio frequency gain 500 on dial
tight fit in the test cells.
Integration time 128 s
5.5 Insertion Rod—A metal rod with a threaded end as
8.4 Switch on the main supply to the spectrometer and allow
shown in Fig. 1 for inserting and removing PTFE plugs from
it to warm up for at least 1 h.
test cells.
8.5 Place a test cell containing sample in the coil and adjust
5.6 Analytical Balance—Top pan type, capable of weighing
the tuning of the instrument until the two resonance curves on
the test cells in an upright position to an accuracy of6 0.01 g.
the oscilloscope are coincident. This setting may need to be
readjusted during determinations.
6. Materials
8.6 Remove the test cell from the
...