ASTM E694-18(2024)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
ABSTRACT
This specification covers general requirements for laboratory glass volumetric apparatus of Class A and B. The volumetric apparatus shall be manufactured from glass of suitable chemical and thermal properties, and shall be as free as possible from visible defects. Glasswares with a flat base shall stand firmly without rocking when placed on a level surface. For those requiring stoppers and stopcocks, glass stoppers shall be interchangeable while plastic stoppers used as alternative to glass ones shall be of inert plastic material. Stopcocks, on the other hand, shall permit smooth and precise control of outflow. Glasswares shall have clean, permanent graduation lines of uniform thickness confined to the cylindrical portions of their cross section, with the graduations lines being of Pattern I, II, or III and the unit of volume being cubic centimetre. Units of cubic decimeter or cubic millimetre may be used in special cases; however, only one unit of volume shall be used on the same piece of apparatus. Aside from graduation lines, the glassware shall bear inscriptions of the capacity, the temperature at which it is to be used, the method of use (whether to contain or to deliver), and for those that deliver though an outflow nozzle, the time required to empty the total nominal capacity with unrestricted outflow. Per service requirement, additional provisions may be specified as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and tolerances for applicable instruments are given in other specifications as cited throughout this specification. Glass must conform to Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with Practice E542.
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an identification marker (serial number) at the option of the manufacturer.
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for Class B instruments shall be within twice the specified range allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E694 − 18 (Reapproved 2024)
Standard Specification for
1
Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Volumetric Instruments
E671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common
sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and toler-
E675 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Stop-
ances for applicable instruments are given in other specifica-
cocks And Stoppers
tions as cited throughout this specification. Glass must conform
E676 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
to Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with
E788 Specification for Pipet, Blood Diluting
Practice E542.
E911 Specification for Glass Stopcocks with Polytetrafluo-
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the
roethylene (PTFE) Plugs
letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and
E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an
E1045 Specification for Pipet, Sahli Hemoglobin
identification marker (serial number) at the option of the
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
manufacturer.
ders
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same
E1878 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks,
basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for
Special Use
Class B instruments shall be within twice the specified range
allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified.
3. General Requirements
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Units of Volume—The unit of volume shall be the cubic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3 3
centimetre (cm ) or, in special cases, the cubic decimetre (dm )
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
or cubic millimetre (mm ).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
NOTE 1—The term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special name
3
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. for the cubic centimetre (cm ) and, similarly the litre for the cubic
3 3
decimetre (dm ) and the microlitre (μL) for the cubic millimetre (mm ), in
accordance with the International System of Units (SI).
2. Referenced Documents
2 3.2 Standard Temperature—The standard reference
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature, that is, the temperature at which the article of
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
volumetric glassware is intended to contain or deliver its
E237 Specification for Laboratory Glass Microvolumetric
nominal volume (nominal capacity), shall be 20 °C.
Vessels (Volumetric Flasks and Centrifuge Tubes)
E287 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Burets NOTE 2—When it is necessary in tropical countries to work at an
ambient temperature considerably above 20 °C, and it is not desired to use
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
the standard reference temperature of 20 °C, it is recommended that a
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
temperature of 27 °C be adopted.
E542 Practice for Gravimetric Calibration of Laboratory
3.3 Material and Annealing—Volumetric glassware shall be
constructed of glass of suitable chemical and thermal proper-
ties. It shall be as free as possible from visible defects and shall
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
conform to Specification E671.
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on
Laboratory Ware and Supplies.
3.4 Limit of Error—On an article having multiple gradua-
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
tion lines, the limit of volumetric error may occur at any
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E694 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/E0694-18R24.
graduation line unless otherwise specified. For example, on a
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
100-mL graduated cylinder having a limit of error of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
61.00 mL, the volume at 10 mL could range from 9.00 mL to
Standards volume informa
...
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