ASTM E694-18
(Specification)Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
ABSTRACT
This specification covers general requirements for laboratory glass volumetric apparatus of Class A and B. The volumetric apparatus shall be manufactured from glass of suitable chemical and thermal properties, and shall be as free as possible from visible defects. Glasswares with a flat base shall stand firmly without rocking when placed on a level surface. For those requiring stoppers and stopcocks, glass stoppers shall be interchangeable while plastic stoppers used as alternative to glass ones shall be of inert plastic material. Stopcocks, on the other hand, shall permit smooth and precise control of outflow. Glasswares shall have clean, permanent graduation lines of uniform thickness confined to the cylindrical portions of their cross section, with the graduations lines being of Pattern I, II, or III and the unit of volume being cubic centimetre. Units of cubic decimeter or cubic millimetre may be used in special cases; however, only one unit of volume shall be used on the same piece of apparatus. Aside from graduation lines, the glassware shall bear inscriptions of the capacity, the temperature at which it is to be used, the method of use (whether to contain or to deliver), and for those that deliver though an outflow nozzle, the time required to empty the total nominal capacity with unrestricted outflow. Per service requirement, additional provisions may be specified as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and tolerances for applicable instruments are given in other specifications as cited throughout this specification. Glass must conform to Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with Practice E542.
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an identification marker (serial number) at the option of the manufacturer.
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for Class B instruments shall be within twice the specified range allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E694 −18
Standard Specification for
1
Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-
sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common
E675 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Stop-
to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and toler-
cocks And Stoppers
ances for applicable instruments are given in other specifica-
E676 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
tionsascitedthroughoutthisspecification.Glassmustconform
E788 Specification for Pipet, Blood Diluting
to Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with
E911 Specification for Glass Stopcocks with Polytetrafluo-
Practice E542.
roethylene (PTFE) Plugs
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the
E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and
E1045 Specification for Pipet, Sahli Hemoglobin
accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
identification marker (serial number) at the option of the
ders
manufacturer.
E1878 SpecificationforLaboratoryGlassVolumetricFlasks,
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same
Special Use
basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for
Class B instruments shall be within twice the specified range
3. General Requirements
allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified.
3.1 Units of Volume—The unit of volume shall be the cubic
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
3 3
centimetre(cm )or,inspecialcases,thecubicdecimetre(dm )
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3
or cubic millimetre (mm ).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
NOTE 1—The term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special name
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
for the cubic centimetre (cm ) and, similarly the litre for the cubic
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3 3
decimetre (dm ) and the microlitre (µL) for the cubic millimetre (mm ), in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
accordance with the International System of Units (SI).
2. Referenced Documents 3.2 Standard Temperature—The standard reference
temperature, that is, the temperature at which the article of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
volumetric glassware is intended to contain or deliver its
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
nominal volume (nominal capacity), shall be 20°C.
E237 Specification for Laboratory Glass Microvolumetric
Vessels (Volumetric Flasks and Centrifuge Tubes)
NOTE 2—When it is necessary in tropical countries to work at an
ambient temperature considerably above 20°C, and it is not desired to use
E287 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Burets
the standard reference temperature of 20°C, it is recommended that a
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
temperature of 27°C be adopted.
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
3.3 Material and Annealing—Volumetric glassware shall be
E542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory Volumetric
constructed of glass of suitable chemical and thermal proper-
Apparatus
ties.Itshallbeasfreeaspossiblefromvisibledefectsandshall
conform to Specification E671.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on 3.4 Limit of Error—On an article having multiple gradua-
Laboratory Ware and Supplies.
tion lines, the limit of volumetric error may occur at any
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published January 2018. Originally
graduation line unless otherwise specified. For example, on a
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E694 – 99 (2010).
100-mL graduated cylinder having a limit of error of 61.00
DOI: 10.1520/E0694-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mL, the volume at 10 mL could range from 9.00 to 11.00 mL.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on NOTE3—T
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E694 − 99 (Reapproved 2010) E694 − 18
Standard Specification for
1
Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and tolerances
for applicable instruments are given in other specifications as cited throughout this specification. Glass must conform to
Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with Practice E542.
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and
accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an identification marker (serial number) at the option of the manufacturer.
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for Class
B instruments shall be within twice the specified range allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
E237 Specification for Laboratory Glass Microvolumetric Vessels (Volumetric Flasks and Centrifuge Tubes)
E287 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Burets
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
E542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory Volumetric Apparatus
E671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
E675 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Stopcocks And Stoppers
E676 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
E788 Specification for Pipet, Blood Diluting
E911 Specification for Glass Stopcocks with Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Plugs
E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
E1045 Specification for Pipet, Sahli Hemoglobin
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
E1878 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks, Special Use
3. General Requirements
3 3
3.1 Units of Volume—The unit of volume shall be the cubic centimetre (cm ) or, in special cases, the cubic decimetre (dm ) or
3
cubic millimetre (mm ).
3
NOTE 1—The term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special name for the cubic centimetre (cm ) and, similarly the litre for the cubic decimetre
3 3
(dm ) and the microlitre (μL) for the cubic millimetre (mm ), in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on
ApparatusLaboratory Ware and Supplies.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2018. Published July 2010January 2018. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
E694 – 99 (2005).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/E0694-99R10.10.1520/E0694-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E694 − 18
3.2 Standard Temperature—The standard reference temperature, that is, the temperature at which the article of volumetric
glassware is intended to contain or deliver its nominal volume (nominal capacity), shall be 20°C.
NOTE 2—When it is necessary in tropical countries to work at an ambient temperature considerably above 20°C, and it is not desired to use the standard
reference temperature of 20°C, it is recommended that a temperature of 27°C be adopted.
3.3 Material and Annealing—Volumetric glassware shall be constructed of glass of suitab
...
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