ASTM D982-05(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Organic Nitrogen in Paper and Paperboard
Standard Test Method for Organic Nitrogen in Paper and Paperboard
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this test method is to determine the amount of organic nitrogen present within a sample of electrical insulation paper or paperboard. Nitrogen content is used to determine if the paper or paperboard has been chemically treated to withstand higher than normal operating temperatures. Such a paper or paperboard is referred to in the industry as “thermally upgraded.” A paper or paperboard that is thermally upgraded can withstand higher operating temperatures and allow the electrical equipment to have a longer useful life span.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nitrogenous organic materials in paper and paperboard, which typically are used to reduce the thermal degradation of the cellulose in the paper and paperboard.
1.2 The nitrogen determination by this method does not include the nitrogen in nitro compounds, nitrates, nitrites, azo, hydrazine, cyanide, or pyridine ring-type compounds, none of which are normally found in paper and paperboard. There is no known modification of the method that is applicable to all nitrogenous compounds.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D982 − 05(Reapproved 2009) Technical Association of Pulp
and Paper Industry
Standard Method T 418 os-61
Standard Test Method for
Organic Nitrogen in Paper and Paperboard
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D982; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nitrog- 4.1 The purpose of this test method is to determine the
enous organic materials in paper and paperboard, which amount of organic nitrogen present within a sample of electri-
typically are used to reduce the thermal degradation of the cal insulation paper or paperboard. Nitrogen content is used to
cellulose in the paper and paperboard. determine if the paper or paperboard has been chemically
treated to withstand higher than normal operating tempera-
1.2 The nitrogen determination by this method does not
tures. Such a paper or paperboard is referred to in the industry
include the nitrogen in nitro compounds, nitrates, nitrites, azo,
as “thermally upgraded.” A paper or paperboard that is ther-
hydrazine, cyanide, or pyridine ring-type compounds, none of
mally upgraded can withstand higher operating temperatures
which are normally found in paper and paperboard.There is no
and allow the electrical equipment to have a longer useful life
known modification of the method that is applicable to all
span.
nitrogenous compounds.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Apparatus
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5.1 Kjeldahl Apparatus, with 500 or 800-mL flask and a
standard.
digestion rack, an efficient bulb or scrubber type of trap to
2. Referenced Documents ensure that no nonvolatile alkali is carried over, the trap being
2 connected to the flask with a rubber stopper and to the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
water-cooled condenser following, with rubber tubing. The
D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of
condenser tube shall be made of alkali-resistant glass or block
Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product
tin with the discharge end connected to a bent glass delivery
(Withdrawn 2010)
tube, the lower end of which is drawn out to a bore of about 3
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
mm.
Paperboard by Oven Drying (Withdrawn 2010)
5.2 Other Apparatus—500-mL Erlenmeyer flask, 100-mL
3. Summary of Test Method
graduatedcylinder,50-mLburet,andmossyzincorglassbeads
3.1 This test method is a modification of the well-known for the flask to prevent bumping.
Kjeldahl procedure. In this test method, compounds that yield
their nitrogen as ammonia are digested with concentrated 6. Reagents
sulfuric acid, using sodium sulfate to raise the boiling point,
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
and mercuric oxide as a catalyst. The organic matter is
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
destroyed and the nitrogen is fixed as ammonium sulfate in the
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
excess acid.
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
where such specifications are available. Other grades are also
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
acceptable, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
Subcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.
accuracy of the determination.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published February 2010. Originally
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D982 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D0982-05R09.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Reagents Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,”Am. Chemi-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on cal Soc., Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the ASTM website. theAmerican Chemical Society, see “Reagent Chemicals and Standards,” by Joseph
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Rosin, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, NY, and the “United States
www.astm.org. Pharmacopeia.”
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D982 − 05 (2009)
NOTE3—Tominimizetheinevitableacidcondensationinthehoodwith
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
this procedure, remove most of the acid fumes through a glass tube
towatershallbeunderstoodtomeandistilledwaterorwaterof
connected to a water aspirator.
equal purity.
9.2 Allow the solution to cool. It usually will solidify upon
6.3 Boric Acid and Indicator Solution—Dissolve 43 g of
cooling to room temperature. When the solution starts to
boric acid (H BO ) (free from borax), 6 mL of methyl red
3 3
solidify or has cooled to room temperature, cautiously add
indicator, and 4 mL of methylene blue indicator, each 0.1 g in
about 300 mL of water and 25 mL of the Na SO solution to
2 4
100 mL of 95 % ethyl alcohol, per litre of freshly distilled
precipitate the mercury. Allow to stand 5 to 10 min with
water. Keep the solution in a borosilicate glass bottle. It is
occasional shaking.
stable for at least 6 months.
NOTE 4—It has been reported that mercury sometimes volatilizes and
NOTE 1—An alternative indicator mixture preferred by some for the
amalgamates with tin condenser tubes commonly used in the Kjeldahl
boric acid solution is 2 mLof methyl red and 10 mLof bromcresol green,
apparatus. If the solution is allowed to stand a few minutes after the
each 0.1 percent solution, in a 95 % ethanol (1) .
addition of the Na SO solution, volatilization of the mercury is likely to
2 4
be negligible (2)
6.4 Mercuric Oxide, HgO.
9.3 Add 50 mL of the boric acid and indicator solution to a
6.5 Sodium Hydroxide Solution (approximately 50 weight
500-mL Erlenmeyer flask, connect the glass delivery tube to
percent)—Dissolve 1030 g of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in 1
the discharge end of the condenser, and adjust the assembly so
L of water.
the tube barely dips beneath the surface of the acid.
6.6 Sodium Sulfate, anhydrous, powdered Na SO .
2 4
9.4 Add the anti-bumping material to the flask, be sure the
6.7 Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (80 g/litreL)—Dissolve 80
bulb trap is properly connected to the condenser, and quickly
g of sodium thiosulfate (Na S O ·5H O) in 1 L of water.
2 2 3 2
andcarefullypour55mLofcoldNaOHsolutiondowntheside
of the flask so that it will not mix at once with the acid nor
6.8 Sulfuric Acid (sp gr 1.84)—Concentrated sulfuric acid
subsequently l
...
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