ASTM D3606-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition Fuels by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition Fuels by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Knowledge of the concentration of benzene may be required for regulatory use, control of gasoline blending, and/or process optimizations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation spark ignition fuels by gas chromatography. This test method has two procedures: Procedure A uses capillary column gas chromatography and Procedure B uses packed column gas chromatography. Procedures A and B have separate precisions.
1.2 The method working range for benzene is in the expected concentrations of: (1) Procedure A between 0.12 % and 5.2 % by volume and (2) Procedure B between 0.10 % and 5.0 % by volume.
1.3 The method working range for toluene is in the expected concentrations of: (1) Procedure A between 0.4 % and 19.7 % by volume, and (2) Procedure B between 2.0 % and 20.0 % by volume.
1.4 For benzene by Procedure A, the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.5 For benzene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.6 For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated fuels were included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1.7 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1.8 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard. Procedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use of Procedure B for fuels containing blended butanols requires that sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels as sec-butanol is an internal standard. For Procedure B, an alternative separation column set described in the annex (A2.3, Annex Approach B) uses MEK as the internal standard when butanols may be blended into gasolines.
1.9 This test method includes a relative bias section for benzene reporting based on Practice D6708 bias assessment between Test Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure B to be used as a possible alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is applicable for benzene measurements in the range from 0.04 % to 2.53 % by volume as reported by Test Method D3606 Procedure B. The correlation complies with EPA’s Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS).
1.10 Correlation equations are included in the relative bias section 13.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Procedure A to the Procedure B volume percent values for benzene and toluene. The correlations are applicable in the concentration ranges of 0.07 % to 5.96 % by volume for benzene and 0.36 % to 20.64 % by volume for toluene as reported by Procedure A. The bias corrected Procedure A to Procedure B result may be correlated further to benzene obtained by D5769 as described in 13.2.1.4(2) of Procedure A and 26.2.1 of Procedure B.
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.13 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D3606 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition
1
Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ProcedureBforfuelscontainingblendedbutanolsrequiresthat
sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels as
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene
sec-butanol is an internal standard. For Procedure B, an
and toluene in finished motor and aviation spark ignition fuels
alternativeseparationcolumnsetdescribedintheannex(A2.3,
by gas chromatography. This test method has two procedures:
Annex Approach B) uses MEK as the internal standard when
Procedure A uses capillary column gas chromatography and
butanols may be blended into gasolines.
Procedure B uses packed column gas chromatography. Proce-
1.9 This test method includes a relative bias section for
dures A and B have separate precisions.
benzene reporting based on Practice D6708 bias assessment
1.2 The method working range for benzene is in the
between Test Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method
expected concentrations of: (1) Procedure A between 0.12%
D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure
and5.2%byvolumeand(2)ProcedureBbetween0.10%and
B to be used as a possible alternative to Test Method D5769.
5.0% by volume.
The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is
1.3 Themethodworkingrangefortolueneisintheexpected
applicableforbenzenemeasurementsintherangefrom0.04%
concentrations of: (1) ProcedureAbetween 0.4% and 19.7%
to 2.53% by volume as reported by Test Method D3606
by volume, and (2) Procedure B between 2.0% and 20.0% by
Procedure B. The correlation complies with EPA’s Perfor-
volume.
mance Based Measurement System (PBMS).
1.4 For benzene by ProcedureA, the following oxygenated
1.10 Correlation equations are included in the relative bias
fuelsareincludedintheworkingrange:(1)ethanolupto20%
section 13.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Procedure A to the
by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10% by volume (M10).
Procedure B volume percent values for benzene and toluene.
Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
The correlations are applicable in the concentration ranges of
0.07% to 5.96% by volume for benzene and 0.36% to
1.5 For benzene by Procedure B the following oxygenated
20.64% by volume for toluene as reported by Procedure A.
fuelsareincludedintheworkingrange:(1)ethanolupto20%
The bias corrected Procedure A to Procedure B result may be
by volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10% by volume (M10).
correlated further to benzene obtained by D5769 as described
Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
in 13.2.1.4(2) of Procedure A and 26.2.1 of Procedure B.
1.6 For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
fuels were included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
20% by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
only.
1.7 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fuelsareincludedintheworkingrange:(1)ethanolupto20%
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
by volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.8 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard. Pro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
cedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.13 This international standard was developed in accor-
1
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D3606–17. DOI: 10.1520/
D3606-20. Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3606 − 20
2. Referenced Documents in this method, and meets all the require
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3606 − 17 D3606 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition
1
Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation spark ignition fuels by gas
chromatography. This test method has two procedures: Procedure A uses capillary column gas chromatography and Procedure B
uses packed column gas chromatography columns. chromatography. Procedures A and B have separate precisions.
1.2 The method working range for benzene is in the expected concentrations of: (1) Procedure A between 0.12 % and 5.2 % by
volume and (2) Procedure B between 0.10 % and 5.0 % by volume.
1.3 Benzene can be determined between the levels The method working range for toluene is in the expected concentrations of:
(1) Procedure A 0.1 % and 5.0 % by volume and toluene can be determined between the levels 0.4 % and 20 % between 0.4 %
and 19.7 % by volume, and (2) Procedure B benzene can be determined between the levels of 0.1 % and 5 % by volume and
toluene can be determined between the levels of 2 % and 20 % by between 2.0 % and 20.0 % by volume.
1.4 For benzene by Procedure A, the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by
volume (E20); (2) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.5 The precision for this test method was determined using conventional spark ignition fuel (motor ‘gasolines’) asFor benzene
by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1 well as those containing blended ethanol and
such ethers as MTBE, ETBE, TAME,) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2 and other alcohols such as methanol and butanols.
This method may be used for finished motor and aviation gasolines that contain ethanol blend up to 20 % and butanols blend up
to 20 %.) methanol up to 10 % by volume (M10). Fuels M85 and E85 were excluded.
1.6 M85 and E85 fuels were not For toluene by Procedure A the following oxygenated fuels were included in the precision for
Procedureworking range: (1 A. M85 and E85 fuels cause interference with) ethanol up to 20 % by volume (E20); (2 Procedure
B.) M85 and E85.
1.7 For toluene by Procedure B the following oxygenated fuels are included in the working range: (1) ethanol up to 20 % by
volume (E20); (2) M85 and E85.
1.8 Procedure A uses MIBK as the internal standard. Procedure B uses sec-butanol as the internal standard. The use of Procedure
B for fuels containing blended butanols requires that sec-butanol be below the detection limit in the fuels.fuels as sec-butanol is
an internal standard. For Procedure B, an alternative separation column set described in the annex (A2.3, Annex Approach B) uses
MEK as the internal standard when butanols may be blended into gasolines.
1.9 This test method includes a relative bias section for benzene reporting based on Practice D6708 bias assessment between
Test Method D3606 Procedure B and Test Method D5769. It is intended to allow Test Method D3606 Procedure B to be used as
a possible alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived benzene correlation equation is applicable for benzene
measurements in the range from 0.04 % to 2.53 % by volume as reported by Test Method D3606 Procedure B. The correlation
complies with EPA’s Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS).
1.10 Correlation equations are included in the relative bias section 13.2.1 of Procedure A to convert Procedure A to the
Procedure B volume percent values for benzene and toluene. The correlations are applicable in the concentration ranges of 0.07 %
to 5.96 % by volume for benzene and 0.36 % to 20.64 % by volume for toluene as reported by Procedure A. The bias corrected
Procedure A to Procedure B result may be correlated further to benzene obtained by D5769 as described in 13.2.1.4(2) of Procedure
A and 26.2.1 of Procedure B.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017July 1, 2020. Published Ap
...
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