ASTM D2799-10

Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The volume percent of physical components of coal is used as an aid in coal seam correlation and in the characterization of coals for their use in carbonization, gasification, liquefaction, and combustion processes.  
This test method is for use in scientific and industrial research, not compliance or referee tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.  
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass, kilogram).  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2010
• ICS: 73.040 - Coals
• Technical Committee: D05 - Coal and Coke
• Drafting Committee: D05.28 - Petrographic Analysis of Coal and Coke

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2799-09 - Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM D2799-11 - Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D5671-20 - Standard Practice for Polishing and Etching Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7569/D7569M-10(2015)e1 - Standard Practice for Determination of Gas Content of Coal—Direct Desorption Method
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D2797/D2797M-21a - Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2799–10
Standard Test Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques
3. Terminology
usedfordeterminingthephysicalcompositionofacoalsample
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminol-
in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of
ogy D121.
mineral matter, if desired.
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method
constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is
because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean
as follows:
bothforceandmassandcaremustbetakentodeterminewhich
Maceral Group Maceral
is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for
Vitrinite —
mass, kilogram).
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the cutinite
resinite
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sporinite
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Inertinite fusinite
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- inertodetrinite
macrinite
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
micrinite
funginite
2. Referenced Documents
secretinite
2
semifusinite
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making
D2797 PracticeforPreparingCoalSamplesforMicroscopi-
industry use the following simplified classification for petro-
cal Analysis by Reflected Light
graphic analysis of bituminous coal:
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the
Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal vitrinite
liptinite (other than resinite)
D3174 Test Method forAsh in theAnalysis Sample of Coal
resinite
and Coke from Coal
semifusinite
D3177 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis micrinite
fusinite
Sample of Coal and Coke
mineral matter
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ASTM Test Methods
3.4.1 alginite, n—aliptinitemaceralthatisgenerallyspheri-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
cal or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and
somewhat irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal
clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic
3.4.1.1 Discussion—Alginite often occurs as degraded frag-
Analysis of Coal and Coke.
ments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originally
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2799 – 09. DOI:
10.1520/D2799-10.
reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
frequently exhibiting reticulation in planar section and a
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
serrated edge in cross section.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799–10
3.4.3 exinite, n—Deprecated term. Use preferred term lip- ing to Practice D2797. Three major maceral groups are
tinite; sometimes has also been used as a synonym for recognized on the basis of relative reflectance in white light,
sporinite. specifically: vitrinite—moderately reflecting (intermediate
gray), liptinite—poorly reflecting (black to dark gray), and
3.4.4 funginite, n—an inertinite maceral occurring as round
inertinite—highly reflecting (light gray to white). Each group
or ovoid bodies, frequently containing voids, reflecting an
can be subdivided on the basis of other microscopically
origin from fungal sclerotia; also occurs (especially in lower
distinctive features such as: reflectance contrasts (relative
rank coals) as interlaced, stringy materials derived from fungal
hyphae. shades of gray); morphology, that is, shape and size (morpho-
logic distinctions in definitions contained herein are idealized
3.4.5 fusinite, n—an inertinite maceral distinguished princi-
becausemorphologicappe
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2799–09 Designation:D2799–10
Standard Test Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in
terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both
force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass,
kilogram).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3177 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminology D121.
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is as
follows:
Maceral Group Maceral
Vitrinite —
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
cutinite
resinite
sporinite
Inertinite fusinite
inertodetrinite
macrinite
micrinite
funginite
secretinite
semifusinite
3.3
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making industry use the following simplified classification for petrographic
analysis of bituminous coal:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on PetrographicAnalysis
of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009.2010. Published September 2009.2010. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20052009 as
D2799–05a.D2799 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/D2799-109.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799–10
vitrinite
liptinite (other than resinite)
resinite
semifusinite
micrinite
fusinite
mineral matter
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spherical or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and somewhat
irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
3.3.1.1
3.4.1.1 Discussion—Alginite often occurs as degraded fragments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
3.3.2
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
frequently exhibiting reticulation in planar section and a serrated edge in cross section.
3.3.3
3.4.3 exinite, n—Deprecated term. Use preferred term liptinite; sometimes has also been used as a synonym for sporinite.
3.3.4
3.4.4 funginite, n—an inertinite maceral occurring as round or ovoid bodies, frequently containing voids, reflecting an origin
from fungal sclerotia; also occurs (especially in lower rank coals) as interlaced, stringy materials derived from fungal hyphae.
3.3.5
3.4.5 fusinite, n—an inertinite maceral distinguished principally by the preservation of some feature(s) of the plant cell wall
structure, and with a particle size greater than 50 µm except when it occurs as a fragment within the binder matrix;
...